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Incitement To Disaffection Act 1934
The Incitement to Disaffection Act 1934 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that made it an offence to endeavour to seduce a member of HM Forces from his "duty ''or'' allegiance to His Majesty", thus expanding the ambit of the law. The previous relevant legislation was the Incitement to Mutiny Act 1797, which created the offence of endeavouring to seduce a member of HM Forces from his duty ''and'' allegiance. The 1797 Act, last significantly used against Tom Mann, 1912, and in the Campbell cases, 1924 and 1925, was not repealed by the 1934 Act, but effectively became defunct. In 1974, the peace campaigner Pat Arrowsmith was convicted of offences against sections 1 and 2 of the Act, and sentenced to eighteen months in prison, for having handed out leaflets at a British Army base, urging the soldiers to refuse to serve in Northern Ireland. In 1975, the Court of Appeal dismissed her appeal of her conviction, describing her conduct as "mischievous" and "wicked"; howev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Short Title
In certain jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom and other Westminster system, Westminster-influenced jurisdictions (such as Canada or Australia), as well as the United States and the Philippines, primary legislation has both a short title and a long title. The long title (properly, the title in some jurisdictions) is the formal title appearing at the head of a statute (such as an act of Parliament or of act of Congress, Congress) or other legislative instrument. The long title is intended to provide a summarised description of the purpose or scope of the instrument. Like other descriptive components of an act (such as the preamble, section headings, side notes, and short title), the long title seldom affects the operative provisions of an act, except where the operative provisions are unclear or ambiguous and the long title provides a clear statement of the legislature's intention. The short title is the formal name by which legislation may by law be Legal citation, cited. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of The United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, and may also legislate for the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace of Westminster in London. Parliament possesses legislative supremacy and thereby holds ultimate power over all other political bodies in the United Kingdom and the Overseas Territories. While Parliament is bicameral, it has three parts: the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. The three parts acting together to legislate may be described as the King-in-Parliament. The Crown normally acts on the advice of the prime minister, and the powers of the House of Lords are limited to only delaying legislation. The House of Commons is the elected lower chamber of Parliament, with elections to 650 single-member constituencies held at least every five years under the first-past-the-post system. By constitutional conventi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HM Forces
The British Armed Forces are the unified military forces responsible for the defence of the United Kingdom, its Overseas Territories and the Crown Dependencies. They also promote the UK's wider interests, support international peacekeeping efforts and provide humanitarian aid. The force is also known as His Majesty's Armed Forces. Since the formation of the united Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 (later succeeded by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and finally by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland), the British Armed Forces have seen action in most major wars involving the world's great powers, including the Seven Years' War, the American War of Independence, the Napoleonic Wars, the Crimean War, the First World War and the Second World War. Britain's victories in most of these wars allowed it to influence world events and establish itself as one of the world's leading military and economic powers. The British Armed Forces consist of: the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incitement To Mutiny Act 1797
The Incitement to Mutiny Act 1797 ( 37 Geo. 3. c. 70) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain. The act was passed in the aftermath of the Spithead and Nore mutinies and aimed to prevent the seduction of sailors and soldiers to commit mutiny. The act was revived and made perpetual by the ( 57 Geo. 3. c. 7). The Parliament of Ireland passed an equivalent act in the same year: the Incitement to Disaffection Act (Ireland) 1797 ( 37 Geo. 3. c. 40 (I)). Provisions Section 1 – Any person who shall attempt to seduce any sailor or soldier from his duty or incite him to mutiny, etc to suffer death Section 1 of the act provided: The words at the end were repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1888 ( 51 & 52 Vict. c. 3). The reference to felony was construed as a reference to "an offence" following the Criminal Law Act 1967 and the Criminal Law Act (Northern Ireland) 1967. The offence was extended to members of the Royal Air Force by the Air Force (Application of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tom Mann
Thomas Mann (15 April 1856 – 13 March 1941) was an English trade unionist and activist. Largely self-educated, Mann became a successful organiser and a popular public speaker in the British labour movement. Early years Mann was born on 15 April 1856, on Grange Road, Longford, Coventry. His birth house was previously maintained by Coventry City Council, but is now privately owned after being sold in 2004. The property still stands today. Mann was the son of a clerk who worked at a colliery. He attended school from the ages of six to nine, then began work doing odd jobs on the colliery farm. A year later he became a trapper, a labour-intensive job that involved clearing blockages from the narrow airways in the mining shafts. In 1870, the colliery was forced to close and the family moved to Birmingham. Mann soon found work as an engineering apprentice. He attended public meetings addressed by Annie Besant and John Bright, and this began his political awareness. He completed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campbell Case
The Campbell Case of 1924 involved charges against a British communist newspaper editor, J. R. Campbell, for alleged "incitement to mutiny" caused by his publication of a provocative open letter to members of the military. The decision of the government of British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, who later suspended prosecution of the case ostensibly because of pressure from backbenchers in his Labour Party, proved to be instrumental in bringing down the short-lived first Labour government. Background J. R. Campbell was the acting editor of '' Workers Weekly'', a newspaper of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB). In its 25 July 1924 edition, the paper contained a provocative article for the "Anti-War Week Campaign" being conducted by the party, "An Open Letter to the Fighting Forces." The article read in part: Withdrawal of first indictment On 6 August, it was announced in the British House of Commons that the Attorney General for England and Wales, Sir Patrick Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pat Arrowsmith
Margaret P. Arrowsmith (2 March 1930 – 27 September 2023) was a British author and peace campaigner. She was a co-founder of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) in 1957. Early life Margaret P. Arrowsmith was born on 2 March 1930, into a family in Leamington Spa as the youngest of three children.Julia Bindel"No time for battle fatigue"''The Guardian'', 30 April 2008. Retrieved 6 November 2016Pat Arrowsmith Orlando Project. Retrieved 6 November 2016 Her mother was Margaret Vera Arrowsmith (née Kingham) and her father Reverend G. E. Arrowsmith. In 1939, the family moved to , where Arrowsmith studied at Stover School, before transferring to [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Commission Of Human Rights
The European Commission of Human Rights was a special body of the Council of Europe. From 1954 to the 1998 entry into force of European Convention on Human Rights#Protocol 11, Protocol 11 to the European Convention on Human Rights, individuals did not have direct access to the European Court of Human Rights; they had to apply to the commission, which if it found the case to be well-founded would launch a case in the Court on the individual's behalf. Protocol 11 which came into force in 1998 abolished the commission, enlarged the Court, and allowed individuals to take cases directly to it. Role and formation Commission members were elected by the Committee of Ministers and would hold office for six years (during which time they were to act independently, without allegiance to any state). Their role was to consider if a petition was admissible to the Court. If so, the Commission would examine the petition to determine the facts of the case and look for parties that could help sett ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Convention On Human Rights
The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR; formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is a Supranational law, supranational convention to protect human rights and political freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the newly formed Council of Europe,The Council of Europe should not be confused with the Council of the European Union or the European Council. the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Member states of the Council of Europe, Council of Europe member states are party to the convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity. The convention established the European Court of Human Rights (generally referred to by the initials ECtHR). Any person who feels their rights have been violated under the convention by a state party can take a case to the court. Judgments finding violations are binding on the states concerned and they are obliged to execute them. The Committee o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geoffrey Robertson
Geoffrey Ronald Robertson (born 30 September 1946) is an Australian-British barrister, academic, author and broadcaster. Robertson is a founder and joint head of Doughty Street Chambers. He serves as a Master of the Bench at the Middle Temple, a recorder, and visiting professor at Queen Mary University of London. Early life and education Robertson was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up in the suburb of Eastwood. His father, Frank, who would go on to be a senior officer of the Commonwealth Bank, and later a stockbroker, survived an RAAF training flight crash in Chiltern, Victoria, in 1943. He went to Epping Boys High School and then attended the University of Sydney, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1966 and a Bachelor of Laws with First-Class Honours in 1970, before winning a Rhodes Scholarship to study at the University of Oxford, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Civil Law from University College in 1972. In 2006 he was awarded an honora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1987 United Kingdom General Election
The 1987 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 11 June 1987, to elect 650 members to the House of Commons. The election was the third consecutive general election victory for the Conservative Party, who won a majority of 102 seats and second landslide under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher, who became the first Prime Minister since the Earl of Liverpool in 1820 to lead a party into three successive electoral victories. The Conservatives ran a campaign focusing on lower taxes, a strong economy and strong defence. They also emphasised that unemployment had just fallen below the 3 million mark for the first time since 1981, and inflation was standing at 4%, its lowest level since the 1960s. National newspapers also continued to largely back the Conservative government, particularly ''The Sun'', which ran anti– Labour Party articles with headlines such as "Why I'm backing Kinnock, by Stalin". Labour, led by Neil Kinnock following Michael Foot's resigna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
