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Impunity Laws (Argentina)
The term "impunity laws" () refers to two laws and a series of presidential decrees enacted between 1986 and 1990, which prevented the prosecution or execution of convictions against perpetrators of crimes against humanity during the Dirty War, state terrorism carried out by the National Reorganization Process, Military Junta in the 1976 Argentine coup d'état, 1976 civil-military ''coup d'état'', which De facto, governed from 1976 to 1983. On May 3, 2017, the Supreme Court issued a ruling that allows the 2x1 law, sentences of persons found guilty of crimes against humanity to be significantly reduced, by application of the so-called "2x1 law, two for one". Background The ''1976 coup d'état'' –called "''Aries Operatio''n" by its perpetrators– was the Coup d'état, civil-military rebellion that deposed the Argentine Nation President, Isabel Perón, María Estela Martínez de Perón, on March 24, 1976. In its place, a Military Junta (Argentina, 1976), Military Government Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirty War
The Dirty War () is the name used by the military junta or National Reorganization Process, civic-military dictatorship of Argentina () for its period of state terrorism in Argentina from 1974 to 1983. During this campaign, military and security forces and death squads in the form of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (AAA, or Triple A) hunted down any political dissidents and anyone believed to be associated with socialism, left-wing Peronism, or the Montoneros movement.''Political Violence and Trauma in Argentina, '' Antonius C. G. M. Robben, p. 145, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007Marguerite Guzmán Bouvard, ''Revolutionizing Motherhood: The Mothers of the Plaza De Mayo,'' p. 22, Rowman & Littlefield, 1994 It is estimated that between 22,000 and 30,000 people were killed or disappeared, many of whom were impossible to formally document due to the nature of state terrorism; however, Argentine military intelligence at the time estimated that 22,000 people had been mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trial Of The Juntas
The Trial of the Juntas () was the judicial trial of the members of the ''de facto'' military government that ruled Argentina during the dictatorship of the '' Proceso de Reorganización Nacional'' (''el Proceso''), which lasted from 1976 to 1983. It is so far the only example of such a large scale procedure by a democratic government against a former dictatorial government of the same country in Latin America. The Trial of the Juntas began on 22 April 1985, during the presidential administration of Raúl Alfonsín, the first elected government after the restoration of democracy in 1983. The main prosecutors were Julio César Strassera and his assistant Luis Moreno Ocampo (who would go on to become the first Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court). The trial was presided over by a tribunal of six judges: León Arslanián, Jorge Torlasco, Ricardo Gil Lavedra, Andrés D'Alessio, Jorge Valerga Aráoz, and Guillermo Ledesma. Those on trial were: Jorge Rafael Vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argentines
Argentines, Argentinians or Argentineans are people from Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical, or cultural. For most Argentines, several (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being Argentine. Argentina is a multiethnic society, multiethnic society, home to people of various Ethnicity, ethnic, Race (human categorization), racial, Religion, religious, Religious denomination, denomination, and Nationality, national origins, with the majority of the population made up of Old World immigrants and their descendants. As a result, Argentines do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship and allegiance to Argentina. Aside from the indigenous population, nearly all Argentines or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. Among countries in the world that have received the most immigrants in modern history, Argentina, with 6.6 million, ranks second to the United States (27 million), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
No Al Punto Final
No or NO may refer to: Linguistics and symbols * ''Yes'' and ''no'', responses * No, an English determiner in noun phrases * No (kana) (, ), a letter/syllable in Japanese script * No symbol (🚫), the general prohibition sign * Numero sign ( or No.), a typographic symbol for the word "number" * Norwegian language (ISO 639-1 code "no") Places * Niederösterreich (''NÖ''), Lower Austria * Norway (ISO 3166-1 country code NO, internet top level domain .no) * No, Denmark, a village in Denmark * Nō, Niigata, a former town in Japan * No Creek (other), several streams * Lake No, in South Sudan * New Orleans, Louisiana, US or its professional sports teams: ** New Orleans Saints of the National Football League ** New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association * Province of Novara (Piedmonte, Italy), province code NO Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''No'' (2012 film), a 2012 Chilean film * ''Nô'' (film), a 1998 Canadian film * Julius No, the titular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armando Lambruschini
Armando Lambruschini (June 15, 1924 – August 15, 2004) was an admiral in the Argentine Navy. Life and career Lambruschini enrolled at the Argentine Naval School in 1942, and graduated as a midshipman in 1946. He was later named Captain of the Navy, and served in that capacity aboard the cruiser ARA General Belgrano.''La Nación'' Lambruschini was promoted to Head of the Navy Chiefs of Staff in 1975, a rank second only to Admiral Emilio Massera in that branch. (Both men graduated from the Naval School in the same year.) His prominent role in the National Reorganization Process ...
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Roberto Eduardo Viola
Roberto Eduardo Viola (13 October 1924 – 30 September 1994) was an Argentine military officer who served as the 43rd President of Argentina and the 2nd President of the National Reorganization Process from 29 March to 11 December 1981 as a military dictator. Early life He was born as Roberto Eduardo Viola on 13 October 1924. His parents were Italian immigrants Angelo Viola and Rosa Maria Prevedini, both from Casatisma, a town in the Province of Pavia. Presidency (1981) After Jorge Rafael Videla left office, Viola formally assumed the post of President of Argentina. Economic policy Viola appointed Lorenzo Sigaut as finance minister, and it became clear that Sigaut were looking for ways to reverse some of the economic policies of Videla's minister José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz. Notably, Sigaut abandoned the sliding exchange rate mechanism and devalued the peso, after boasting that "they who gamble on the dollar, will lose". Argentines braced for a recession after the exce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judgment (law)
In law, a judgment is a Decision-making, decision of a court regarding the rights and liabilities of parties in a legal action or proceeding. Judgments also generally provide the court's explanation of why it has chosen to make a particular court order.''Black’s Law Dictionary'' 970 (10th ed. 2014). Speakers of British English tend to use the term at the appellate level as synonymous with judicial opinion. American English speakers prefer to maintain a clear distinction between the ''opinion'' of an appellate court (setting forth reasons for the disposition of an appeal) and the ''judgment'' of an appellate court (the pronouncement of the disposition itself). In Canadian English, the phrase "reasons for judgment" is often used interchangeably with "judgment," although the former refers to the court's justification of its judgment while the latter refers to the final court order regarding the rights and liabilities of the parties. Spelling Judgment is considered a "free var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radical Civic Union
The Radical Civic Union (, UCR) is a major political party in Argentina. It has reached the national government on ten occasions, making it one of the most historically important parties in the country. Ideologically, the party has stood for radicalism, secularism and universal suffrage. Especially during the 1970s and 1980s, it was perceived as a strong advocate for human rights. Its factions however, have been more heterogeneous, ranging from conservative liberalism to social democracy. Founded in 1891 by Leandro N. Alem, it is the second oldest political party active in Argentina. The party's main support has long come from the middle class. On many occasions, the UCR was in opposition to Peronist governments and declared illegal during military rule. Since 1995 it has been a member of the Socialist International (an international organisation of social democrat political parties). The UCR had different fractures, conformations, incarnations and factions, through w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ítalo Argentino Lúder
Italo may refer to: *Italo-, a prefix indicating a relation to Italy or Italians * Italo (given name), given name Film * ''Italo'' (film), a 2014 comedy film *Italo crime, a genre of crime film Music genres *Italo disco *Italo dance *Italo house Other uses *A rail service offered by Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori is an Italian open-access train operating company operating in the field of high-speed rail transport under the brand name Italo (), stylized as ''.italo''. Commencing services in early 2012, it became Europe's first private open access operat ... * Triavio Italo, an Italian aircraft design {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justicialist Party
The Justicialist Party (, ; abbr. PJ) is a major political party in Argentina, and the largest branch within Peronism. Following the 2023 presidential election, it has been the largest party in the opposition against President Javier Milei. Founded by Juan Perón and his wife, First Lady Eva Perón, it was previously called the Peronist Party after its founder. Under Perón, the party followed a left-wing agenda based on his policies. It is overall the largest party in Congress, but the party's factual position was undermined by divisions that emerged in the 1990s and lasted until 2020. The PJ was rocked by a conflict between two Peronist tendencies, Kirchnerism, the main, left-wing populist faction of the party, and Federal Peronism, which was located on the centre and centre-right of the political spectrum. The division ended with the failure of Federal Peronism to challenge the dominating Kirchnerist faction in 2019. This was completed by Cristina Fernández de Kirchner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnesty
Amnesty () is defined as "A pardon extended by the government to a group or class of people, usually for a political offense; the act of a sovereign power officially forgiving certain classes of people who are subject to trial but have not yet been convicted." Though the term general pardon has a similar definition, an amnesty constitutes more than a pardon, in so much as it obliterates all legal remembrance of the offense. Amnesty is increasingly used to express the idea of "freedom" and to refer to when prisoners can go free. Amnesties, which in the United Kingdom may be granted by the crown or by an act of Parliament, were formerly usual on coronations and similar occasions, but are chiefly exercised towards associations of political criminals, and are sometimes granted absolutely, though more frequently there are certain specified exceptions. Thus, in the case of the earliest recorded amnesty, that of Thrasybulus at Athens, the thirty tyrants and a few others were expressly e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Alfredo Martínez De Hoz
José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz (13 August 1925 – 16 March 2013) was an Argentine lawyer, businessman, and economist. He was the Minister of Economy of Argentina during the country's last military dictatorship (1976—1983) (especifically during Jorge Rafael Videla's regime, between 1976 and 1981), and shaped the economic policy of the dictatorship until its end. Martínez de Hoz was an economic orthodox of businessman origin, who imposed a plan of economic neoliberalism reforms in the 1970s that aroused strong controversies. From 1976 until today, globalization began to appear and some attempts of insertion in the world began. The spirit of all the reforms implemented during his administration was that of economic liberalization and " economic freedom", and its results and legacy are highly controversial to this day, either being praised or strongly criticized in Argentina depending on the period and side of the general political spectrum. Biography Martínez de Hoz, scion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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