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Immanuel Church (Tel Aviv-Yafo)
Immanuel Church (, Knesiyat Immanu'el; ; ) is a Protestant church in the American–Germany Colony, American–German Colony neighbourhood of Tel Aviv in State of Israel, Israel. The church was built in 1904 for the benefit of the German Evangelical community, which it served until its dissolution at the onset of World War II in 1940. In 1955, the Lutheran World Federation transferred control of the church building to the , and a new congregation started taking shape. Today the church is used by a variety of Protestant denominations, including the Messianic Judaism, Messianic movement. Historical background George J. Adams, George Adams and Abraham McKenzie, colonists from Maine arrived in Jaffa on 22 September 1866. They founded the ''American Colony'' in Jaffa, now part of Tel Aviv-Yafo municipality. They erected their wooden houses from prefabricated segments they had brought with them. Many settlers contracted cholera, and about a third of them died. Most returned to America. ...
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Richard Beer-Hofmann
Richard Beer-Hofmann (11 July 1866 – 26 September 1945) was an Austrian dramatist and poet. Life and career Richard Beer was born on 11 July 1866 in Vienna to Jewish parents. His mother died of childbed fever within a week of his birth and after her death he was reared by his aunt and uncle, Bertha and Alois Hofmann, and adopted in 1884 taking on the name Beer-Hofmann. He spent his early childhood in Brno, Moravia, where Alois Hofmann owned a textile factory. In 1880 the family moved to Vienna and Richard finished his schooling at the Akademisches Gymnasium. In the 1880s he studied law in Vienna, receiving his doctorate in 1890. In the year of his graduation he became acquainted with the writers Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Hermann Bahr and Arthur Schnitzler, with whom he shared a long friendship and membership in the '' Jung-Wien'' literary movement. He consequently began his literary activities as a freelance writer. Beer-Hofmann married Paula Lissy in 1897. Their daughter Miriam B ...
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Maine
Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and northwest, and shares a maritime border with Nova Scotia. Maine is the largest U.S. state, state in New England by total area, nearly larger than the combined area of the remaining five states. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, 50 U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 12th-smallest by area, the List of U.S. states and territories by population, 9th-least populous, the List of U.S. states by population density, 13th-least densely populated, and the most rural. Maine's List of capitals in the United States, capital is Augusta, Maine, Augusta, and List of municipalities in Maine, its most populous c ...
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Korntal-Münchingen
Korntal-Münchingen is a town in the district of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated at the northwestern border of Stuttgart, 8 km of its centre and 10 km southwest of Ludwigsburg. Geography Location Korntal-Münchingen lies in the Strohgäu, at elevations between 285 and 405 meters, directly on the northwestern border of Stuttgart. The border between Korntal and the Stuttgart borough Weilimdorf cuts right through a built up area. At the ''Liegnitzer Straße'' south of Korntal station, the houses on the north side of the street (odd house numbers) are part of Korntal while the houses on the south side of the street (even house numbers) belong to Weilimdorf. There is no direct road connection between Korntal and Münchingen, motorized traffic needs to pass through Stuttgart roads to get from one to the other. In contrast, pedestrians and cyclists can cross districts via dirt roads which are in large parts made inaccessible to motorized traffic ...
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Evangelical State Church In Württemberg
Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide, interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that emphasizes evangelism, or the preaching and spreading of the Christian gospel. The term evangelical is derived from the Koine Greek word ''euangelion'', meaning “good news,” in reference to the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. Evangelicalism typically places a strong emphasis on personal conversion, often described as being “born again,” and regards the Bible as the ultimate authority in matters of faith and practice. The definition and scope of evangelicalism are subjects of debate among theologians and scholars. Some critics argue that the term encompasses a wide and diverse range of beliefs and practices, making it difficult to define as a coherent or unified movement. The theological roots of evangelicalism can be traced to the Protestant Reformation in 16th-century Europe, particularly M ...
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Deutsche Palästina-Bank
The Deutsche Orientbank (DOB, ) was a German bank, founded in 1905-1906 in Berlin and merged into Dresdner Bank in 1931-1932. It was originally intended for financing ventures in the Ottoman Empire and the Khedivate of Egypt. In mid-1914 the Orientbank absorbed the Levantine network of Deutsche Palästina-Bank, established in the late 19th century as an earlier endeavor to develop German economic influence in the Ottoman Empire. History At its founding in 1905-1906, driven by banker Eugen Gutmann and his son Herbert M. Gutmann, the new venture was sponsored by Dresdner Bank, Nationalbank für Deutschland, and A. Schaaffhausen'scher Bank Association, with respective shares of 37.5 percent for Dresdner and 31.25 percent for each of the other two. It was part of a broader German push to gain influence in the Ottoman Empire, also involving Deutsche Bank and the financing of the Berlin–Baghdad railway. The newly established Orientbank soon took over the branches in Hamburg ...
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Plato Von Ustinov
Plato Freiherr von Ustinov (born Platon Grigoryevich Ustinov; ; 1840–1918) was a Russian-born nobleman, naturalised German citizen, was one of the most prolific collectors of Palestinian antiquities. He lived off of his inherited wealth for most of his life and owned the ''Hôtel du Parc'' in Jaffa, Ottoman Empire, now part of Tel Aviv, Israel. Biography Early life Platon Grigoryevich Ustinov was born into wealth in the Russian Empire. He was the fourth child and second son of court councillor Grigori Mikhailovich Ustinov (1803–1860) and his wife, noblewoman Maria Ivanovna Panshina (1817–1846).. See p. 3. Platon's father Grigori was the youngest son of (1755–1836), a millionaire merchant from Saratov, a major port on the Volga River. Grigori held a manor estate in , in today's Balashovsky District, Saratov Oblast. Platon's uncle (1800–1871) was Russian ambassador to Constantinople. Later, Platon's younger brother, Mikhail Grigoryevich Ustinov, would also follow ...
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Proselytise
Proselytism () is the policy of attempting to convert people's religious or political beliefs. Carrying out attempts to instill beliefs can be called proselytization. Proselytism is illegal in some countries. Some draw distinctions between Christian evangelism and proselytism, regarding proselytism as involuntary or coerced; the two terms can also be understood to merely be synonyms. Etymology The English-language word ''proselytize'' derives from the Greek language prefix (, "toward") and the verb (, "I come") in the form of (, "newcomer"). Historically, in the Koine Greek Septuagint and New Testament, the word '' proselyte'' denoted a Gentile who was considering conversion to Judaism. Although the word ''proselytism'' originally referred to converting to Judaism (and earlier related to Gentiles such as God-fearers), it now implies an attempt of any religion or religious individuals to convert people to their belief. Arthur J. Serratelli, the Catholic Bishop of Paterson, ...
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Schism (religion)
A schism ( , , or, less commonly, ) is a division between people, usually belonging to an organization, movement, or religious denomination. The word is most frequently applied to a split in what had previously been a single religious body, such as the Great East–West Schism or the Western Schism. It is also used of a split within a non-religious organization or movement or, more broadly, of a separation between two or more people, be it brothers, friends, lovers, etc. A schismatic is a person who creates or incites schism in an organization or who is a member of a splinter group. Schismatic as an adjective means pertaining to a schism or schisms, or to those ideas, policies, etc. that are thought to lead towards or promote schism. In religion, the charge of schism is distinguished from that of heresy, since the offence of schism concerns not differences of belief or doctrine but promotion of, or the state of division, especially among groups with differing pastoral jurisdi ...
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Temple Society
The German Templer Society, also known as Templers, is a Radical Pietist group that emerged in Germany during the mid-nineteenth century, the two founders, Christoph Hoffmann and Georg David Hardegg, arriving in Haifa, Palestine, in October 1868 with their families and a few fellow Templers in order to establish a colony. Templer theology is rooted in the legacy of preceding centuries during which various Christian groups undertook to establish the perfect Christian religion in preparation for Christ's promised return. The movement was founded by Christoph Hoffmann, 815-1885who believed that humanity's salvation lay in the gathering of God's people in a Christian community. He also believed that the second coming of Christ was imminent, and that according to Biblical prophecy it would take place in Jerusalem, where God's people were to gather as a symbol of the rebuilding of the temple. Hoffmann's thinking was inspired by the 1st-century Christian community and based on Mat ...
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Christoph Hoffmann
Gottlob Christoph Jonathan Hoffmann (December 2, 1815December 8, 1885) was born in Leonberg in the Kingdom of Württemberg, Germany. His parents were Beate Baumann (1774–1852) and Gottlieb Wilhelm Hoffmann (1771–1846), who was chairman of the Unitas Fratrum congregation in Korntal. Gottlieb's theological thinking was inspired by reading the works of Johann Albrecht Bengel, whose studies had led him to the conclusion that Christ would return in 1836. Christoph Hoffmann had a Pietist-Christian background and enjoyed a Christian education with the Brethren congregation in Korntal. As a young man he studied theology in Tübingen. An opponent of the much better known liberal theologian David Friedrich Strauss, Hoffmann was elected to the First National German Parliament, which met in Frankfurt am Main in 1848. The failure of his efforts to create a better Christian State through politics caused him to return to the roots of Christianity as expressed by Jesus. He became conv ...
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Georg David Hardegg
Georg David Hardegg (April 2, 1812 - July 1, 1879) co-founded the German Templer Society with Christoph Hoffmann. Early years George David Hardegg was born in Eglosheim, north west of Ludwigsberg, Wurttemberg, in south west Germany, and was the second son of Johann Friedrich Hardegg and Sabine Eiselen. After leaving the grammar school in Ludwigsburg and completing a course in business studies, he travelled first to Amsterdam and then Antwerp, where in 1830, the Belgian Revolution inspired in him an interest in politics. Two years later, in Paris, he came in contact with the French club and was also introduced to German republicans. It was at this point that he decided to abandon business in favour of medicine, returning to Wurttemberg in December 1831 with the intention of studying medicine in Tübingen from the autumn of 1832. He soon became involved in a major revolt against the establishment, working as a participant in the Franckh-Koseritz conspiracy to overthrow the Wurt ...
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Kingdom Of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg ( ) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806. Geography The borders of the Kingdom of Württemberg, as defined in 1813, lay between 47°34' and 49°35' north and 8°15' and 10°30' east. The greatest distance north to south was and the greatest east to west was . The border had a total length of and the total area of the state was . The kingdom had borders with Bavaria on the east and south, with Baden in the north, west, and south. The southern part surrounded the Prussian province of Hohenzollern on most of its sides and touched on Lake Constance. History Frederick I Frederick III, the Duke of Württemberg (1754–1816; succeeded: 1797), assumed the title of King Frederick I on 1 January 1806. He abrogated the constitution, and united Old and New Württemberg. Subsequently, he ...
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