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Identity (tuning)
In music theory, limits or harmonic limits are a way of characterizing the harmony found in a piece or genre (music), genre of music, or the harmonies that can be made using a particular scale (music), scale. The term ''limit'' was introduced by Harry Partch, who used it to give an upper bound on the complexity of harmony; hence the name. The harmonic series and the evolution of music Harry Partch, Ivor Darreg, and Ralph David Hill are among the many microtonal music, microtonalists to suggest that music has been slowly evolving to employ higher and higher harmonic series (music), harmonics in its constructs (see emancipation of the dissonance). In medieval music, only chords made of octaves and perfect fifths (involving relationships among the first three harmonics) were considered consonant. In the West, triadic harmony arose (contenance angloise) around the time of the Renaissance, and triad (music), triads quickly became the fundamental building blocks of Western music. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Normalized Harmonic Identities, Names, And Frequencies
Normalization or normalisation refers to a process that makes something more normal or regular. Science * Normalization process theory, a sociological theory of the implementation of new technologies or innovations * Normalization model, used in visual neuroscience * Normalization in quantum mechanics, see and Normalized solution (mathematics), normalized solution * Normalization (sociology) or social normalization, the process through which ideas and behaviors that may fall outside of social norms come to be regarded as "normal" Mathematics and statistics * Normalization of an algebraic variety, the operation consisting in taking locally the integral closure of the ring of regular functions * Normalization (statistics), adjustments of values or distributions in statistics ** Quantile normalization, statistical technique for making two distributions identical in statistical properties * Normalizing (abstract rewriting), an abstract rewriting system in which every object has at lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renaissance
The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and surpass the ideas and achievements of classical antiquity. Associated with great social change in most fields and disciplines, including Renaissance art, art, Renaissance architecture, architecture, politics, Renaissance literature, literature, Renaissance exploration, exploration and Science in the Renaissance, science, the Renaissance was first centered in the Republic of Florence, then spread to the Italian Renaissance, rest of Italy and later throughout Europe. The term ''rinascita'' ("rebirth") first appeared in ''Lives of the Artists'' () by Giorgio Vasari, while the corresponding French word was adopted into English as the term for this period during the 1830s. The Renaissance's intellectual basis was founded in its version of Renaiss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermann Von Helmholtz
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (; ; 31 August 1821 – 8 September 1894; "von" since 1883) was a German physicist and physician who made significant contributions in several scientific fields, particularly hydrodynamic stability. The Helmholtz Association, the largest German association of research institutions, was named in his honour. In the fields of physiology and psychology, Helmholtz is known for his mathematics concerning the eye, theories of vision, ideas on the visual perception of space, colour vision research, the sensation of tone, perceptions of sound, and empiricism in the physiology of perception. In physics, he is known for his theories on the conservation of energy and on the electrical double layer, work in electrodynamics, chemical thermodynamics, and on a mechanical foundation of thermodynamics. Although credit is shared with Julius von Mayer, James Joule, and Daniel Bernoulli—among others—for the energy conservation principles that e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genesis Of A Music
''Genesis of a Music'' is a book first published in 1949 by microtonal composer Harry Partch (1901–1974). Partch first presents a polemic against both equal temperament and the long history of stagnation in the teaching of music; according to Alex Ross, this is "the most startling forty-five-page history of music ever written". In particular, Partch holds Johann Sebastian Bach responsible for "the movement toward equal-tempered tuning, which meant that composers could not absorb the scales of other world traditions; and the urge to make music ever more instrumental and abstract." He then goes on to explain his tuning theory based on just intonation, the ensemble of musical instruments of his own invention (such as the "Surrogate Kithara, a struck-string, harplike instrument", and the guitar with movable frets he used to compose ''Barstow''), and several of his largest musical compositions. The book has been highly influential to succeeding generations of microtonal compose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rational Numbers
In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction (mathematics), fraction of two integers, a numerator and a non-zero denominator . For example, is a rational number, as is every integer (for example, The set (mathematics), set of all rational numbers is often referred to as "the rationals", and is closure (mathematics), closed under addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division (mathematics), division by a nonzero rational number. It is a field (mathematics), field under these operations and therefore also called the field of rationals or the field of rational numbers. It is usually denoted by boldface , or blackboard bold A rational number is a real number. The real numbers that are rational are those whose decimal expansion either terminates after a finite number of numerical digit, digits (example: ), or eventually begins to repeating decimal, repeat the same finite sequence of digits over and over (example: ). This st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Just Intonation
In music, just intonation or pure intonation is a musical tuning, tuning system in which the space between notes' frequency, frequencies (called interval (music), intervals) is a natural number, whole number ratio, ratio. Intervals spaced in this way are said to be pure, and are called just intervals. Just intervals (and chords created by combining them) consist of tones from a single harmonic series (music), harmonic series of an implied fundamental frequency, fundamental. For example, in the diagram, if the notes G3 and C4 (labelled 3 and 4) are tuned as members of the harmonic series of the lowest C, their frequencies will be 3 and 4 times the fundamental frequency. The interval ratio between C4 and G3 is therefore 4:3, a just fourth (music), fourth. In Western musical practice, bowed instruments such as violins, violas, cellos, and double basses are tuned using pure fifths or fourths. In contrast, keyboard instruments are rarely tuned using only pure intervals—the desire fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major Seventh Chord
In music, a major seventh chord is a seventh chord in which the third is a major third above the root and the seventh is a major seventh above the root. The major seventh chord, sometimes also called a ''Delta chord'', can be written as maj7, M7, , ⑦, etc. The "7" does not have to be superscripted, but if it is, then any alterations, added tones, or omissions are usually also superscripted. For example, the major seventh chord built on C, commonly written as Cmaj7, has pitches C–E–G–B: : It can be represented by the integer notation . According to Forte, the major seventh chord is exemplified by IV7, which originates melodically. Forte, Allen (1979). ''Tonal Harmony in Concept & Practice'', p. 150. . : The just major seventh chord is tuned in the ratios 8:10:12:15, as a just major chord is tuned 4:5:6 and a just major seventh is tuned 15:8. The minor flat sixth chord (minor triad with an added minor sixth) is an inversion of this chord. Examples In 1888 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Temperament
An equal temperament is a musical temperament or Musical tuning#Tuning systems, tuning system that approximates Just intonation, just intervals by dividing an octave (or other interval) into steps such that the ratio of the frequency, frequencies of any adjacent pair of notes is the same. This system yields Pitch (music), pitch steps perceived as equal in size, due to the logarithmic changes in pitch frequency. In classical music and Western music in general, the most common tuning system since the 18th century has been 12 equal temperament (also known as ''12 tone equal temperament'', ' or ', informally abbreviated as ''12 equal''), which divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equal on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the twelfth root of two, 12th root of 2, (\sqrt[12] ≈ 1.05946). That resulting smallest interval, the width of an octave, is called a semitone or half step. In Western world, Western countries the term ''equal temperamen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominant Seventh Chord
Domination or dominant may refer to: Society * World domination, structure where one dominant power governs the planet * Colonialism in which one group (usually a nation) invades another region for material gain or to eliminate competition * Chauvinism in which a person or group consider themselves to be superior, and thus entitled to use force to dominate others * Sexual dominance involving individuals in a subset of BDSM behaviour * Hierarchy Music * Dominant (music), a diatonic scale step and diatonic function in tonal music theory Albums * ''Domination'' (Cannonball Adderley album) or the title track, 1965 * ''Domination'' (Morbid Angel album), 1995 * ''Domination'', by Domino, 2004 * ''Domination'', by Morifade, 2004 Songs * "Domination" (song), by Pantera, 1990 * "Domination", by Band-Maid from ''World Domination'', 2018 * "Domination", by Symphony X from ''Paradise Lost'', 2007 * "Domination", by Way Out West from '' Way Out West'', 1996 * "Domination", by Within t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seventh Chord
A seventh chord is a chord (music), chord consisting of a triad (music), triad plus a note forming an interval (music), interval of a Interval (music), seventh above the chord's root (chord), root. When not otherwise specified, a "seventh chord" usually means a dominant seventh chord: a major triad together with a minor seventh. However, a variety of sevenths may be added to a variety of triads, resulting in many different types of seventh chords. In its earliest usage, the seventh was introduced solely as an nonchord tone, embellishing or nonchord tone. The seventh destabilized the triad, and allowed the composer to emphasize movement in a given direction. As time passed and the collective ear of the western world became more accustomed to Consonance and dissonance, dissonance, the seventh was allowed to become a part of the chord itself, and in some modern music, jazz in particular, . Additionally, the general acceptance of equal temperament during the 19th century reduced the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African-American Music
African-American music is a broad term covering a diverse range of musical genres largely developed by African Americans and their African-American culture, culture. Its origins are in musical forms that developed as a result of the Slavery in the United States, enslavement of African Americans prior to the American Civil War. It has been said that "every genre that is born from America has black roots." White slave owners subjugated their slaves physically, mentally, and spiritually through brutal and demeaning acts. Some White Americans considered African Americans separate and unequal for centuries, going to extraordinary lengths to keep them oppressed. African-American slaves created a distinctive type of music that played an important role in the era of enslavement. Slave songs, commonly known as work songs, were used to combat the hardships of the physical labor. Work songs were also used to communicate with other slaves without the slave owner hearing. The song "Wade in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrad (music)
A tetrad is a set of four notes in music theory. When these four notes form a tertian chord they are more specifically called a ''seventh chord'', after the diatonic interval from the root of the chord to its fourth note (in root position close voicing). Four-note chords are often formed of intervals other than thirds in 20th- and 21st-century music, however, where they are more generally referred to as ''tetrads''.See, for example, ; ; and Musicologist Allen Forte in his ''The Structure of Atonal Music'' never uses the term "tetrad", but occasionally employs the word ''tetrachord'' to mean any collection of four pitch class In music, a pitch class (p.c. or pc) is a set of all pitches that are a whole number of octaves apart; for example, the pitch class C consists of the Cs in all octaves. "The pitch class C stands for all possible Cs, in whatever octave positio ...es. In 20th-century music theory, such sets of four pitch classes are usually called "tetrachords". Citat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
