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Hygrophorus Eburneiformis
''Hygrophorus'' is a genus of agarics (gilled mushrooms) in the family Hygrophoraceae. Called "woodwaxes" in the UK or "waxy caps" (together with ''Hygrocybe'' species) in North America, basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are typically fleshy, often with slimy caps and lamellae that are broadly attached to decurrent. All species are ground-dwelling and ectomycorrhizal (forming an association with living trees) and are typically found in woodland. Around 100 species are recognized worldwide. Fruit bodies of several species are considered edible and are sometimes offered for sale in local markets. Taxonomy History ''Hygrophorus'' was first published in 1836 by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries. The generic name is derived from the Greek ῦγρὁς (= moist) + φόρος (= bearer), with reference to the slimy caps found in many species. Fries (1849) subsequently split the genus into three subgenera: ''Limacium'', ''Camarophyllus'', and ''Hygrocybe''. The last of these is now recogn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elias Magnus Fries
Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. He is sometimes called the Mycology, "Linnaeus of Mycology". In his works he described and assigned botanical names to hundreds of fungus and lichen species, many of which remain authoritative today. Career Fries was born at Femsjö (Hylte Municipality), Småland, the son of the pastor there. He attended school in Växjö. He acquired an extensive knowledge of flowering plants from his father. In 1811 Fries entered Lund University where he studied under Carl Adolph Agardh and Anders Jahan Retzius. He obtained his doctorate in 1814. In the same year he was appointed an associate professorship in botany. Fries edited several exsiccata series, the first starting in 1818 under the title ''Lichenes Sveciae exsiccati, curante Elia Fries'' and the last together with Franz Joseph Lagger under the title ''Hieracia europaea exsiccata''. He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolf Singer
Rolf Singer (June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994) was a German mycologist and Taxonomy (biology), taxonomist of gilled mushrooms (agarics). He wrote the book "The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy (biology), Taxonomy". He fled to various countries during the Nazism, Nazi period, pursuing mycology in the Soviet Union, Argentina, and finally the United States, as mycologist at the Field Museum in Chicago. Career After receiving his Ph.D. at the University of Vienna in 1931 he worked in Munich. By 1933, however, Singer left Germany for Vienna due to the political deterioration in Germany. There he met his wife, Martha Singer. From Vienna, Singer and his wife went to Barcelona, Spain, where Singer was appointed assistant professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona. Persecution by the Spanish authorities on behalf of the Germany, German government forced Singer to leave Spain for France in 1934. After a fellowship at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, Singer again moved, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophorus Speciosus
''Hygrophorus speciosus'', commonly known as the larch waxy cap, is a species of fungus in the genus ''Hygrophorus''. It has a bright red-orange cap which yellows with age, and a white or yellow stem; both are slimy, but the fruit bodies are less so with age. The gills are whitish to light yellow, and decurrent. Lookalike species include '' H. hypothejus'' and '' H. pyrophilus''. The species can be found inland within the Pacific Northwest, in areas where larch is plentiful. While edible An edible item is any item that is safe for humans to eat. "Edible" is differentiated from " eatable" because it does not indicate how an item tastes, only whether it is fit to be eaten. Nonpoisonous items found in nature – such as some mushroo ..., the flavor of most ''Hygrophorus'' species is considered bland. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q19826682 speciosus Edible fungi Fungi of North America Fungi described in 1878 Taxa named by Charles Horton Peck Fungus species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophorus Chrysodon
''Hygrophorus chrysodon'', commonly known as the flaky waxy cap, or gold flecked woodwax is a species of fungus in the genus ''Hygrophorus''. The species is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. It is edible but bland in taste. Etymology The specific epithet ''chrysodon'' is Greek for 'golden tooth', a reference to the species' gold-hued granules or hairs, which are found on the cap (especially near the edge), stipe, and gills. Description The fruit bodies are white, sometimes with a tinge of yellow. The caps reach , with gills subdecurrent to decurrent. The stalk is 3–10 cm long. The flesh is soft and white, with a mild to bitter taste. The spore print is white. Similar species Lookalikes in the genus include the uncommon '' H. discoxanthus''. Distribution and habitat The species is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere on the ground, with moss, and under conifers or other hardwood trees. Uses It is edible An edible item is any item that is saf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophorus Latitabundus
''Hygrophorus latitabundus'' is a species of fungus in the genus ''Hygrophorus''. It is distributed in European pine forests, and has a preference for calcareous soils. It fruits in autumn, producing large, edible mushrooms with slimy caps and stems. Description ''Hygrophorus latitabundus'' fruiting bodies are large agarics. The Pileus (mycology), cap is convex and slightly umbonate, coloured grey, brown and olivaceous with a darker, brownish centre. It is characteristically covered by a glutinous layer of slime, especially in wet weather conditions. The margin is inrolled. The cap diameter can reach 15 cm, and as it matures, it flattens out. The white Lamella (mycology), gills are thick, distant and have an adnate to weakly decurrent attachment to the stem. The white Stipe (mycology), stem is tall, fusiform, thick and robust. It is ornamented by numerous whitish flakes which are covered in a thick layer of slime. The flakes have a tendency to become brown. The flakes and sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophorus Erubescens
''Hygrophorus erubescens'', commonly known as the blotched woodwax or pink waxcap, is an agaric fungus native to Scandinavia, Japan, Central Europe, Great Britain and North America. Taxonomy Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries described it as ''Agaricus erubescens'' in his 1821 work ''Systema Mycologicum''. The species name is derived from the Latin ''erubescens'', meaning "reddening" or "blushing". It became ''Hygrophorus erubescens'' with the raising of ''Hygrophorus'' to genus rank. Common names include blotched woodwax, and pink waxcap. The species is classified in the subsection ''Pudorini'' of genus ''Hygrophorus'', along with the closely related species '' H. pudorinus'' and '' H. purpurascens''. Description The fruit body (mushroom) is a fair size, with a diameter light pink to white cap that can be dotted with darker pink or red marks and bruises yellow. The colour is darker in the cap centre. Convex and flattening with age, the cap often has a boss and an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrophorus Pudorinus
''Hygrophorus pudorinus'', commonly known as the blushing waxycap, turpentine waxycap, or spruce waxy cap, is a species of fungus in the genus ''Hygrophorus''. Taxonomy Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries described it as ''Agaricus pudorinus'' in his 1821 work ''Systema Mycologicum''. It became ''Hygrophorus pudorinus'' with the raising of ''Hygrophorus'' to genus rank. The species name is the Latin word ''pudorinus'' "blushing". The species is classified in the subsection ''Pudorini'' of genus ''Hygrophorus'', along with the closely related species '' H. erubescens'' and '' H. purpurascens''. Description The pink to golden cap is wide, convex and with a downrolled margin that is lighter in colour. The cap surface is sticky. The pink to yellow-white gills are decurrent. The thick stipe is tall and wide. The spore print is white and the oval spores measure 7–10 × 5–6 micrometres. The thick flesh is pale pink or orange to white. The mushroom does not bru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander H
Alexander () is a male name of Greek origin. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander, Oleksandr, Oleksander, Aleksandr, and Alekzandr. Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexsander, Alexandre, Aleks, Aleksa, Aleksandre, Alejandro, Alessandro, Alasdair, Sasha, Sandy, Sandro, Sikandar, Skander, Sander and Xander; feminine forms include Alexandra, Alexandria, and Sasha. Etymology The name ''Alexander'' originates from the (; 'defending men' or 'protector of men'). It is a compound of the verb (; 'to ward off, avert, defend') and the noun (, genitive: , ; meaning 'man'). The earliest attested form of the name, is the Mycenaean Greek feminine anthroponym , , (/Alexandra/), written in the Linear B syllabic script. Alaksandu, alternatively called ''Alakasan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lexemuel Ray Hesler
Lexemuel Ray Hesler (20 February 1888 – 20 November 1977) was an American mycologist Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and .... He was the son of Clinton F. Hesler and Laura Iris (née Youngblood). He obtained his B.A. degree with Wabash College in 1911 and his Ph.D. at the University of Cornell in 1914. Selected publications *Hesler LR. (1929) "A preliminary report on polypores of eastern Tennessee", ''Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science'' 4: 3–10 *Hesler LR. (1936) "Notes on southern Appalachian fungi", ''Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science'' 6: 107–122 *Hesler LR. (1937) "Notes on southern Appalachian fungi: II.", ''Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science'' 12: 239–254 *Hesler LR. (1937) "A preliminary list of the fungi of the Great Smok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monograph
A monograph is generally a long-form work on one (usually scholarly) subject, or one aspect of a subject, typically created by a single author or artist (or, sometimes, by two or more authors). Traditionally it is in written form and published as a book, but it may be an artwork, audiovisual work, or exhibition made up of visual artworks. In library cataloguing, the word has a specific and broader meaning, while in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration uses the term to mean a set of published standards. Written works Academic works The English term ''monograph'' is derived from modern Latin , which has its root in Greek. In the English word, ''mono-'' means and ''-graph'' means . Unlike a textbook, which surveys the state of knowledge in a field, the main purpose of a monograph is to present primary research and original scholarship. This research is presented at length, distinguishing a monograph from an article. For these reasons, publication of a monograph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyletic
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population), i.e. excludes non-descendants of that common ancestor # the grouping contains all the descendants of that common ancestor, without exception Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic'' grouping meets 1. but not 2., thus consisting of the descendants of a common ancestor, excepting one or more monophyletic subgroups. A '' polyphyletic'' grouping meets neither criterion, and instead serves to characterize convergent relationships of biological features rather than genetic relationships – for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, or aquatic insects. As such, these characteristic features of a polyphyletic grouping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNA Sequences
A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases within the nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. This succession is denoted by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of the nucleotides. By convention, sequences are usually presented from the 5' end to the 3' end. For DNA, with its double helix, there are two possible directions for the notated sequence; of these two, the sense strand is used. Because nucleic acids are normally linear (unbranched) polymers, specifying the sequence is equivalent to defining the covalent structure of the entire molecule. For this reason, the nucleic acid sequence is also termed the primary structure. The sequence represents genetic information. Biological deoxyribonucleic acid represents the information which directs the functions of an organism. Nucleic acids also have a secondary structure and tertiary structure. Primary structure is sometimes mistakenly referred to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
