|
Horseshoe Curve
A horseshoe curve is a class of climbing curve in a roadbed that reverses turn direction (inflection) twice on either side of a single tight curve that varies through an angle of about 180 degrees or more. Such curves are more commonly found in a railway line but are also used in roads. The characteristic U shape, or even slight balloon shape, of such a curve resembles a horseshoe. On roadways, particularly tight versions of such curves are typically called hairpin turns. Theory A horseshoe curve is a means to lengthen an ascending or descending grade and thereby reduce the maximum gradient. Grade or gradient is defined as the rise divided by the run (length) or distance, so in principle such curves add to length for the same altitude gain, just as would a climbing spiral around one or more peaks, or a climbing traverse (cutting) wrapping around an end of a ridge. If the straight route between two points is too steep to climb, a more circuitous route will increase the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canyon
A canyon (; archaic British English spelling: ''cañon''), gorge or chasm, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. Rivers have a natural tendency to cut through underlying surfaces, eventually wearing away rock layers as sediments are removed downstream. A river bed will gradually reach a baseline elevation, which is the same elevation as the body of water into which the river drains. The processes of weathering and erosion will form canyons when the river's headwaters and estuary are at significantly different elevations, particularly through regions where softer rock layers are intermingled with harder layers more resistant to weathering. A canyon may also refer to a rift between two mountain peaks, such as those in ranges including the Rocky Mountains, the Alps, the Himalayas or the Andes. Usually, a river or stream carves out such splits between mountains. Examples of mountain- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mostar
Mostar () is a city and the administrative centre of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina. Mostar is situated on the Neretva River and is the fifth-largest city in the country. Mostar was named after the bridge keepers (''mostari'') who guarded the Stari Most (Old Bridge) over the Neretva during the Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ottoman era. The Old Bridge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century, is one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's most visited landmarks, and is considered an exemplary piece of Islamic architecture in the Balkans. History Ancient and medieval history Human settlements on the river Neretva, between Mount Hum (Mostar), Mount Hum and the Velež Mountain, have existed since prehistory, as witnessed by discoveries of fortified enceintes and cemeteries. Evidence of Roman people, Roman occupation was di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dovrefjell
Dovrefjell is a mountain range in Central Norway that forms a natural barrier between Eastern Norway and Trøndelag. The mountain range is located in Innlandet, Møre og Romsdal, and Trøndelag counties in Norway. As a result of its central location, its valleys and passes have been heavily trafficked during and probably preceding historical times. Several mountain inns were established in the Middle Ages to house pilgrims traveling through Dovrefjell to Trondheim, and there are even ruins of an old leprosy, leper colony in the northern area of it. The main south-north highway (European route E6) and the Dovrebanen railway line both run through a mountain pass in the Dovrefjell range. The highway is a year-round highway but on rare occasions it is closed for short periods during heavy winter weather conditions. The mountain range runs through Oppdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Folldal Municipality, Dovre Municipality, and Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county, and Sunnd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dombås
is a village or small town in Dovre Municipality in northern Innlandet county, Norway. The village serves as the commercial centre for the upper Gudbrandsdalen valley. It lies at an important junction of roads with the European route E6 highway heading north and south connecting the cities of Oslo and Trondheim and the European route E136 highway heading west to Åndalsnes. The Dovrebanen and Raumabanen railway lines meet in the village at Dombås Station as well. Dombås Church is located in the village. The village has a population (2021) of 1164 and a population density of . History 19th century A description of the village area from 1895: Twentieth century The Dovre Line was extended to Dombås in 1913 and Dombås Station built. The line was extended onwards to Støren in 1921. Three years later, the Rauma Line opened connecting Dombås to Åndalsnes. Dombås Church was completed in 1939. World War II In 1940, during the Norwegian Campaign, the Germans recognized this r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dovre Line
The Dovre Line () is a Norwegian railway line with three slightly different lines which all lead to the historic city of Trondheim (city), Trondheim. Definition *Dovre Line is the main line between Eidsvoll Station and Trondheim Station, used by Norwegian National Rail Administration, Jernbaneverket since 2008. *Dovre Line is also the current name of the main line of the Rail transport in Norway, Norwegian railway system (Jernbaneverket) between Oslo and Trondheim, used when referring to the long-distance passenger trains. *Dovre Line was the name of the main line between Dombås and Trondheim until 2008. The most inclusive of these meanings of Dovre Line thus includes the other two. To complicate the pattern even more, the first use of the Dovre Line was on the section between Dombås and Støren, completed in 1921. When this last section of the new standard gauge main line between Oslo and Trondheim via Lillehammer and Dombås was opened in 1921, the originally long narrow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince William Railway
The Prince William Railway Company (German: ''Prinz-Wilhelm-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft'', PWE) was an early horse-drawn railway in Germany. It was founded as the ''Deil Valley Railway Company'' (''Deilthaler Eisenbahn Aktiengesellschaft'') in 1828 and renamed in 1831. It built a narrow gauge line that ran for a Prussian mile () along the Deilbach valley from a point near Kupferdreh Old Station in Hinsbeck, a suburb of Kupferdreh (now part of Essen), to Nierenhof near Langenberg (now part of Velbert). This route is now part of the Wuppertal-Vohwinkel–Essen-Überruhr railway and served by Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn line S9 trains. On 20 September 1831 the railway was opened by Prince William, the brother of the King of Prussia at the time, and renamed in honour of the prince. It operated as a horse-drawn railway carrying coal until 1844, but from 1833 it also carried passengers. In 1847, it was converted to , extended north to Steele Süd and south to Vohwinkel (in Wuppertal), conve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuppertal
Wuppertal (; ) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in western Germany, with a population of 355,000. Wuppertal is the seventh-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia and List of cities in Germany by population, 17th-largest in Germany. It was founded in 1929 by the merger of Elberfeld, Barmen, Ronsdorf, Cronenberg, Wuppertal, Cronenberg and Vohwinkel Schwebebahn, Vohwinkel, and was initially called "Barmen-Elberfeld" before adopting its present name in 1930. It is the capital and largest city of the Bergisches Land. The city straddles the densely populated banks of the River Wupper, a tributary of the Rhine. Wuppertal is located between the Ruhr (Essen) to the north, Düsseldorf to the west, and Cologne to the southwest, and over time has grown together with Solingen, Remscheid and Hagen. The stretching of the city in a long band along the narrow Wupper Valley leads to a spatial impression of Wuppertal being larger than it actually is. The city is known for its steep slope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Essen
Essen () is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city of the Ruhr, the largest urban area in Germany. Its population of makes it the fourth-largest city of North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne, Düsseldorf and Dortmund, as well as the List of cities in Germany by population, tenth-largest city of Germany. Essen lies in the larger Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region, List of EU metropolitan regions by GDP#2021 ranking of top 4 German metropolitan regions, second largest by GDP in the EU, and is part of the cultural area of Rhineland. Because of its central location in the Ruhr, Essen is often regarded as the Ruhr's "secret capital". Two rivers flow through the city: the Emscher in the north, and in the south the Ruhr (river), Ruhr River, which is dammed in Essen to form the and reservoirs. The central and northern boroughs of Essen historically belong to the Low German Westphalian dialects area, and the south of the city to the Low Franconian Bergish dialects, Bergish ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velbert
Velbert (, Low Rhenish: ''Vèlbed'') is a town in the district of Mettmann (district), Mettmann, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The town is renowned worldwide for the production of locks and fittings. Geography Velbert is located on the hills of 'Niederberg' (meaning ''Lower Mountain''), part of the Berg (German region), Berg region, approx. 20 kilometres north-east of the capital of North Rhine Westphalia, Düsseldorf, and 12 kilometers north-west of Wuppertal on the south side of the Ruhr (river), Ruhr river. Velbert stands on the highest part of the Niederberg region and also in its centre. Its average elevation is around 230 metres above sea level; its highest point, at 303 metres, is the ''Hordt-Berg'', and its lowest, at around 70.6 metres, is in Nierenhof am Deilbach. The highest point in Velbert itself is 263 metres above sea level, at the corner of Friedrichstraße and Langenberger Straße. Incorporation As part of the reform of local government distric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
