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Hordeum Intercedens
''Hordeum intercedens'' is a diploid, annual species of wild barley known by the common names bobtail barley and vernal barley. It is native to southern California and northern Baja California, where it is an increasingly rare member of the flora in saline and alkaline soils near seasonal waterflows and vernal pool habitats. Today most occurrences are located on the Channel Islands of California; many of the occurrences known from the mainland have been extirpated in the process of land development. This is an annual grass growing erect to bent in small tufts with stems up to 40 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a green spike up to 6.5 centimeters long made up of awned spikelets between 1 and 2 centimeters long. ''Hordeum intercedens'' originated via long-distance dispersal of a southern South American ''Hordeum'' species to North America less than 1 million years ago. Its closest relatives are therefore not the other North American taxa like meadow barley or foxtail barl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hordeum
''Hordeum'' is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family. The species are native throughout the temperate regions of Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas. Taxonomy Species Species include: * '' Hordeum aegiceras'' – Mongolia, China including Tibet * '' Hordeum arizonicum'' US (CA AZ NV NM), Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Durango) * '' Hordeum bogdanii'' – from Turkey and European Russia to Mongolia * '' Hordeum brachyantherum'' – Russia (Kuril, Kamchatka), Alaska, Canada including Yukon, US (mostly in the West but also scattered locales in the East), Baja California * '' Hordeum brachyatherum'' – Chile * '' Hordeum brevisubulatum'' – European Russia; temperate and subarctic Asia from Turkey and the Urals to China and Magadan * '' Hordeum bulbosum'' – Mediterranean, Central Asia * '' Hordeum californicum'' – US (CA; OR; NV) * '' Hordeum capense'' – South Africa, Lesotho * '' Hordeum chilense'' – Argentina, Chile (including Juan Fernández ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awn (botany)
An awn is a hairy or bristle-like growth on a plant. On the seeds of grasses such as barley or rye, they form foxtails which assist seed dispersal by being barbed and so sticking to passing animals. Also, the awns may twist or curl as they are wetted and dry out and this action can make fallen seeds walk until they fall into a crevice into which they then burrow. Besides grasses, other families of plants which have awns include Asteraceae such as sunflowers and Geraniaceae such as geraniums. In the latter, the awns help disperse the seeds by developing a tension which then catapults the seeds when the seed head ripens and dries out. Description In grasses, awns typically extend from the lemmas of the florets. This often makes the hairy appearance of the grass synflorescence. Awns may be long (several centimeters) or short, straight or curved, single or multiple per floret. Some biological genera are named after their awns, such as the three-awns (''Aristida''). In s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Baja California
Flora (: floras or florae) is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring ( indigenous) native plants. The corresponding term for animals is ''fauna'', and for fungi, it is '' funga''. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora as in the terms ''gut flora'' or ''skin flora'' for purposes of specificity. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hordeum Depressum
''Hordeum depressum'' is a species of barley known by the common names low barley and dwarf barley. It is native to the western United States from Idaho to California, where it can be found in moist habitats such as vernal pools. This is a small annual grass forming petite patches of thin, hairy leaves and erect stems to half a meter in maximum height. The green or reddish green inflorescence is 2 to 6 centimeters long and about half a centimeter wide. Like other barleys the spikelets come in triplets. There is a large fertile central spikelet about a centimeter long and two smaller, often sterile spikelets on pedicels In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branch ..., each 3 to 5 millimeters long. External linksJepson Manual Treatment [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barley
Barley (), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains; it was domesticated in the Fertile Crescent around 9000 BC, giving it nonshattering spikelets and making it much easier to harvest. Its use then spread throughout Eurasia by 2000 BC. Barley prefers relatively low temperatures and well-drained soil to grow. It is relatively tolerant of drought and soil salinity, but is less winter-hardy than wheat or rye. In 2023, barley was fourth among grains in quantity produced, 146 million tonnes, behind maize, rice, and wheat. Globally, 70% of barley production is used as animal feed, while 30% is used as a source of fermentable material for beer, or further distilled into whisky, and as a component of various foods. It is used in soups and stews and in barley bread of various cultures. Barley grains are commonly made into malt using a traditional and ancient method of preparatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hordeum Euclaston
''Hordeum'' is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the grass family. The species are native throughout the temperate regions of Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas. Taxonomy Species Species include: * ''Hordeum aegiceras'' – Mongolia, China including Tibet * ''Hordeum arizonicum'' US (CA AZ NV NM), Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Durango) * '' Hordeum bogdanii'' – from Turkey and European Russia to Mongolia * ''Hordeum brachyantherum'' – Russia (Kuril, Kamchatka), Alaska, Canada including Yukon, US (mostly in the West but also scattered locales in the East), Baja California * '' Hordeum brachyatherum'' – Chile * '' Hordeum brevisubulatum'' – European Russia; temperate and subarctic Asia from Turkey and the Urals to China and Magadan * ''Hordeum bulbosum'' – Mediterranean, Central Asia * '' Hordeum californicum'' – US (CA; OR; NV) * '' Hordeum capense'' – South Africa, Lesotho * '' Hordeum chilense'' – Argentina, Chile (including Juan Fernández Is) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foxtail Barley
''Hordeum jubatum'', with common names foxtail barley, bobtail barley, squirreltail barley, and intermediate barley, is a perennial plant species in the grass family Poaceae. It occurs wild mainly in northern North America and adjacent northeastern Siberia. However, as it escaped often from gardens it can be found worldwide in areas with temperate to warm climates, and is considered a weed in many countries. The species is a polyploid and originated via hybridization of an East Asian ''Hordeum'' species with a close but extinct relative of Californian '' H. brachyantherum''. It is grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive inflorescences and when done flowering for its inflorescence. Properties Foxtail barley (''Hordeum jubatum'') propagates by seed. It is known for its ability to tolerate saline soils but is capable of productive growth on soil types ranging from loamy to clayey soils with pH's of 6.4 to 9.5. The upper limit of soil NaCl for productive growth and developme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meadow Barley
''Hordeum brachyantherum'', known by the common name meadow barley, is a species of barley. It is native to western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, coastal areas of easternmost Russia (Kamchatka), and a small area of coastal Newfoundland. The diploid cytotype occurs only in California, throughout the state, while everywhere else plants are tetraploid. This is a tufting perennial bunchgrass approaching a meter in maximum height. It produces compact, narrow inflorescences 8 to 10 centimeters long and purplish in color. Like other barleys the spikelets come in triplets. It has two small, often sterile lateral spikelets on pedicels and a larger, fertile central spikelet lacking a pedicel. General information ''Hordeum brachyantherum'' belongs to grass family, Poaceae, genus ''Hordeum''. There are two common cytotypes of ''Hordeum brachyantherum''. The diploid mainly grow in California, the tetraploid grow widely over the world. Polyploidy is very common in plants. Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inflorescence
In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches. An inflorescence is categorized on the basis of the arrangement of flowers on a main axis (Peduncle (botany), peduncle) and by the timing of its flowering (determinate and indeterminate). Morphology (biology), Morphologically, an inflorescence is the modified part of the Shoot (botany), shoot of spermatophyte, seed plants where flowers are formed on the axis of a plant. The modifications can involve the length and the nature of the internode (botany), internodes and the phyllotaxis, as well as variations in the proportions, compressions, swellings, adnations, connations and reduction of main and secondary axes. One can also define an inflorescence as the reproductive portion of a plant that bears a cluster of flowers in a specific pattern. General characteristics Inflorescences are described by many different charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
California
California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an international border with the Mexico, Mexican state of Baja California to the south. With almost 40million residents across an area of , it is the List of states and territories of the United States by population, largest state by population and List of U.S. states and territories by area, third-largest by area. Prior to European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by the Spanish Empire. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, following Mexican War of Independence, its successful war for independence, but Mexican Cession, was ceded to the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with extinction, global extinctions. Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction. Discussion Glacial period, Glaciation is one factor that leads to local extinction. This was the case during the Quaternary glaciation, Pleistocene glaciation event in North America. During this period, most of the native North American species of earthworm were killed in places covered by glaciation. This left them open for colonization by European earthworms brought over in soil from Europe. Species naturally become extinct from islands over time; this can be either local extinction if the species also occurs elsewhere, or in cases of endemism, island endemism, outright ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Channel Islands Of California
The Channel Islands () are an eight-island archipelago located within the Southern California Bight in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of California. They define the Santa Barbara Channel between the islands and the California mainland. The four Northern Channel Islands are part of the Transverse Ranges geologic province, and the four Southern Channel Islands are part of the Peninsular Ranges province. Five of the islands are within the Channel Islands National Park. The waters surrounding these islands make up Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary. The Nature Conservancy was instrumental in establishing the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary. There is evidence that humans have lived on the Northen Channel Islands for thousands of years. Radiocarbon dating shows that there was a continuous human presence between 8000-11000 years ago. The islands were inhabited primarily by two different Native American groups, the Chumash people, Chumash, and the Tongva people, Ton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
