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Adolf Hitler's Bunker In Wolfsschanze B
Adolf (also spelt Adolph or Adolphe, Adolfo, and when Latinised Adolphus) is a given name with German origins. The name is a compound derived from the Old High German ''Athalwolf'' (or ''Hadulf''), a composition of ''athal'', or ''adal'', meaning "noble" (or '' had(u)''-, meaning "battle, combat"), and ''wolf''. The name is cognate to the Anglo-Saxon name '' Æthelwulf'' (also Eadulf or Eadwulf). The name can also be derived from the ancient Germanic elements "Wald" meaning "power", "brightness" and wolf (Waldwulf). Due to its extremely negative associations with the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, the name has greatly declined in popularity since the end of World War II. Similar names include Lithuanian Adolfas and Latvian Ādolfs. The female forms Adolphine and Adolpha are far more rare than the male names. Adolphus can also appear as a surname, as in John Adolphus, the English historian. Popularity and usage During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Adolf was a popular name f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Swiss Alps, Alps and the Jura Mountains, Jura; the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, whereas most of the country's Demographics of Switzerland, 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts List of cities in Switzerland, its largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of Cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. It has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh language, Romansh. Although most Swiss are German-speaking, national identity is fairly cohesive, being rooted in a common historical background, shared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalitarianism, totalitarian dictatorship. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", referred to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945, after 12 years, when the Allies of World War II, Allies defeated Germany and entered the capital, Berlin, End of World War II in Europe, ending World War II in Europe. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party began to eliminate political opposition and consolidate power. A 1934 German referendum confirmed Hitler as sole ''Führer'' (leader). Power was centralised in Hitler's person, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reich Ministry Of Armaments And War Production
The Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production () was established on March 17, 1940, in Nazi Germany. Its official name before September 2, 1943, was the 'Reichsministerium für Bewaffnung und Munition' (). Its task was to improve the supply of the Wehrmacht with the necessary supplies of weapons and ammunition. Ministers {, class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan=2, ! rowspan=2, Portrait ! rowspan=2, Name ! colspan=3, Term of office ! colspan=2 rowspan=2, Political party ! rowspan=2, Cabinet ! rowspan=2, , - ! Took office ! Left office ! Time in office , - References Albert Speer Ministries established in 1940 Ministries disestablished in 1945 1940 establishments in Germany 1940 disestablishments in Germany Reich Ministries of Nazi Germany, Armaments and War Production {{nazi-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Speer
Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (; ; 19 March 1905 – 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. A close friend and ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. An architect by training, Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1931. His architectural skills made him increasingly prominent within the Party, and he became a member of Hitler's inner circle. Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures, including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi Party Rally Grounds, Nazi Party rally grounds in Nuremberg. In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. In this capacity he was responsible for the Central Department for Resettlement that Nazi persecution of Jews, evicted Jewish tenants from their homes in Berlin. In February 1942, Speer was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and several of its European Axis allies starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II. More than 3.8 million Axis troops invaded the western Soviet Union along a front, with the main goal of capturing territory up to a line between Arkhangelsk and Astrakhan, known as the A-A line. The attack became the largest and costliest military offensive in history, with around 10 million combatants taking part in the opening phase and over 8 million casualties by the end of the operation on 5 December 1941. It marked a major escalation of World War II, opened the Eastern Front—the largest and deadliest land war in history—and brought the Soviet Union into the Allied powers. The operation, code-named after the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa ("red beard"), put into action Nazi Germany's ideological goals of eradicating communism and conquering the western Soviet Union to repopulate it w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Last Will And Testament Of Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler, chancellor and dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, signed his political testament and his private will in the ''Führerbunker'' on 29 April 1945, the day before he committed suicide with his wife, Eva Braun. The political testament consisted of two parts. In the first, ''Mein politisches Testament'', Hitler denied charges of warmongering, expressed his thanks to Germany's loyal citizens, and appealed to them to continue the struggle. In the second, he declared Heinrich Himmler and Hermann Göring to be traitors, and set out his plan for a new government under Karl Dönitz. Hitler's secretary Traudl Junge recalled that he was reading from notes as he dictated the testament, and it is believed that Joseph Goebbels helped him write it. Both the Political Testament and the Private Will and Personal Testament of Adolf Hitler were dictated to Junge during the last days of Hitler's life and signed on 29 April 1945. These artifacts are not to be confused with an ent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Werner Jochmann
Werner Jochmann (August 5, 1921 – November 16, 1994) was a German historian and director of the Research Centre for the History of National Socialism in Hamburg, Germany. Early life and career Werner Jochmann grew up the son of a modest farmer. After completing the Abitur (final exams) and graduating from high school in Reichenbach in 1940, he was immediately drafted into the German defence force (''Wehrmacht''). In August 1941 he was wounded in Russia, and in 1942, after being discharged from the hospital, Jochmann studied history, German, geography and philosophy at Wrocław. However, he was expelled from the university due to a conflict with a communist functionary. From 1948 to 1953 he was a teacher at a secondary school in Hamburg. In 1953 Jochmann was hired as an assistant to the historian Fritz Fischer, from the University of Hamburg, working intensively on 20th-century German history for the next seven years. In 1960 he was entrusted to the Hamburg Senate building of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh Trevor-Roper
Hugh Redwald Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton, (15 January 1914 – 26 January 2003) was an English historian. He was Regius Professor of Modern History (Oxford), Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford. Trevor-Roper was a polemicist and essayist on a range of historical topics, but particularly England in the 16th and 17th centuries and Nazi Germany. According to John Philipps Kenyon, "some of [Trevor-Roper's] short essays have affected the way we think about the past more than other men's books". Richard Davenport-Hines and Adam Sisman wrote that "The bulk of his publications is formidable... Some of his essays are of Victorian length. All of them reduce large subjects to their essence. Many of them... have lastingly transformed their fields." Conversely, Sisman wrote: "the mark of a great historian is that he writes great books, on the subject which he has made his own. By this exacting standard Hugh failed." In 1945, British intelligence tasked T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Cameron (poet)
Norman Cameron (1905–1953) was a Scottish poet, distantly related to Thomas Babington, Lord Macaulay. Between the two world wars, Cameron associated on Majorca with Robert Graves and Laura Riding. Later, as a part-time Fitzrovian, he worked closely with Dylan Thomas, Geoffrey Grigson, Ruthven Todd, Len Lye, John Aldridge RA, Alan Hodge and many others. He worked as a copywriter at J. Walter Thompson (being responsible for one classic campaign, ''Horlicks for night starvation'') and at Ogilvy, Benson & Mather. Life Born in Bombay, Cameron was the eldest of four children of a Presbyterian minister (chaplain of the Bombay Presidency) who died prematurely in 1913. Subsequently, he and his siblings returned with their mother to live in Edinburgh. For his education he went to Alton Burn Preparatory School in Nairn and Fettes College in Edinburgh, where, at only 11 years old, he was the youngest boy ever to be admitted to the main school. There he came under the influence of, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stevens (surname)
Stevens as an English-language surname was brought to England after the Norman Conquest and means 'son of Steven'. This surname may refer to: Arts and entertainment Literature *Barry Stevens (therapist) (1902–1985), writer, Gestalt therapist *Benjamin Franklin Stevens (1833–1902), American bibliographer *Emily Pitts Stevens (1841–1906), American educator, activist, suffragist, newspaper editor and publisher *Helen Norton Stevens (1869–1943), American magazine editor *Henry Stevens (bibliographer) (1819–1886), American bibliographer *Jay Stevens (1953–2025), American freelance writer and social historian *K. J. Stevens (born 1973), U.S. writer *Nell Stevens (born 1985), British fiction and non-fiction writer *Robin Stevens (author), Robin Stevens (born 1988), English writer *Shane Stevens (author) (1941–2007), American crime writer *Wallace Stevens (1879–1955), American poet Visual arts *Agapit Stevens (1848–1924), Belgian painter *Alfred Stevens (sculptor) (1817� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
