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History Of The Jews In Makhachkala
The Jewish community in Makhachkala consists of Jews who have lived in the territory of modern Makhachkala, a city in the Russian Republic of Dagestan. During the Russo-Persian War (1722–1723), Persian campaign in 1722, Makhachkala hosted a camp for the troops of Peter the Great, Russian Emperor Peter I. Both Mountain Jews and Ashkenazi Jews were allowed to settle there.Hana RafaelIn the homeland of our ancestors: the Jews of Makhachkala 2013. History Khazars During the era of the Khazars, Khazar Khanate, there was a Khazar settlement in the village of Tarki near Makhachkala.Ilya KarpenkoJuhuro In The Country Of Mountains 2007. Many Khazar scholars believe that the capital of the Khazar Khanate, the city of Samandar (city), Samandar, was located on the site of modern Makhachkala. According to Ibn Hawqal, Jews lived in the city of Samandar in the 10th century and had their own synagogues. Russian empire In 1862, the first synagogue was built in the city, where both Ashkenazi Je ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebrew Language
Hebrew (; ''ʿÎbrit'') is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family. A regional dialect of the Canaanite languages, it was natively spoken by the Israelites and remained in regular use as a first language until after 200 CE and as the liturgical language of Judaism (since the Second Temple period) and Samaritanism. The language was revived as a spoken language in the 19th century, and is the only successful large-scale example of linguistic revival. It is the only Canaanite language, as well as one of only two Northwest Semitic languages, with the other being Aramaic, still spoken today. The earliest examples of written Paleo-Hebrew date back to the 10th century BCE. Nearly all of the Hebrew Bible is written in Biblical Hebrew, with much of its present form in the dialect that scholars believe flourished around the 6th century BCE, during the time of the Babylonian captivity. For this reason, Hebrew has been referred to by Jews as '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilya Anisimov
Ilya Sherebetovich Anisimov (; ; ; May 29, 1862 – February 3, 1928) was a Russian Ethnography, ethnographer, Ethnology, ethnologist, and engineer, known for his ethnographic study on Mountain Jews. He was the first person of Mountain Jewish descent to receive higher education in the schools of the Russian Empire.Mordechai AltshulerIlya Anisimov – researcher of the Mountain Jews community Anisimov is the author of the famous work "Caucasian Mountain Jews" ().Sergey KonstantinovNaftali Anisimov: Mission - to preserve the native language.January 1, 2023. He was the second of five sons in his family. According to Anisimov’s eldest daughter, Gul-Bike, he received the name Eliyahu (Ilya) in honor of the first rabbi of Derbent, Eliyahu ben Mushael (1781–1848), who was respected by all Mountain Jews. This rabbi founded the chief rabbinate of Mountain Jews in the city and made Derbent their spiritual capital.Hana RaphaeAbout the book by M. Shpanin “Rereading the pages of our hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hizgil Avshalumov
Hizgil Davidovich Avshalumov (; 16 January 1913 – 17 September 2001) was a Soviet novelist, poet and playwright. He wrote in languages of the Mountain Jews ( Juhuri) and Russian. He was awarded the Suleyman Stalsky award. He was a USSR Union of Writers member. Biography Hizgil Avshalumov was born in the village of Nyugdi (a suburb of the city of Derbent, Dagestan) to a peasant family sometime between the years 1913-1916 depending on the source. His father cultivated grain as a farmer, and was a veteran of World War I. He died at an early age, leaving Avshalumov and his 5 siblings orphans. He worked as a correspondent for the Mountain Region Jewish newspaper '' The Toiler''. Later he studied at a Soviet-Party school. From 1938 to 1941 Avshalumov was a research associate at the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Dagestan branch of the USSR. During this period, he collected a significant number of Mountain Jews’ folklore of different genres and incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Akuvaev
Eduard Akuvaev (; February 25, 1945 – April 24, 2015) was a Soviet/Russian–Israeli artist and teacher of Mountain Jew descent. He was awarded titles of the Honored Art Worker of Dagestan, Honored Artist of Dagestan. He was awarded the Khalilbek Musaev award. Several of his works are in the National Museum of the Republic of Dagestan in Makhachkala, the Dagestan Museum of Fine Arts and the Derbent State Museum-Reserve.Catalog from the art exhibition of artists from the Caucasus in Israel Biography Eduard Akuvaev was born in Makhachkala to an intellectual family ( ru: интеллигентной семьи). Akuvaev's serious attraction to art began at the Dagestan Art School named after Muetdin Arabi Dzhemal, where he entered after the eighth grade of a comprehensive school. After graduation, he was sent to study at The Moscow Surikov State Academic Institute of Fine Arts in Moscow ( ru:Московский Художественный Институт имени Сури� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ISIS
Isis was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. Isis was first mentioned in the Old Kingdom () as one of the main characters of the Osiris myth, in which she resurrects her slain brother and husband, the divine king Osiris, and produces and protects his heir, Horus. She was believed to help the dead enter the afterlife as she had helped Osiris, and she was considered the divine mother of the pharaoh, who was likened to Horus. Her maternal aid was invoked in healing spells to benefit ordinary people. Originally, she played a limited role in royal rituals and temple rites, although she was more prominent in funerary practices and magical texts. She was usually portrayed in art as a human woman wearing a throne-like hieroglyph on her head. During the New Kingdom (), as she took on traits that originally belonged to Hathor, the preeminent goddess of earlier times, Isis was portrayed wearing Hathor's headdress: a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synagogue
A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as weddings, bar and bat mitzvahs, choir performances, and children's plays. They often also have rooms for study, social halls, administrative and charitable offices, classrooms for religious and Hebrew studies, and many places to sit and congregate. They often display commemorative, historic, or modern artwork alongside items of Jewish historical significance or history about the synagogue itself. Synagogues are buildings used for Jewish prayer, study, assembly, and reading of the Torah. The Torah (Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses) is traditionally read in its entirety over a period of a year in weekly portions during services, or in some synagogues on a triennial cycle. However, the edifice of a synagogue as such is not essential for hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2024 Dagestan Attack
4 (four) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 3 and preceding 5. It is a square number, the smallest semiprime and composite number, and is considered unlucky in many East Asian cultures. Evolution of the Hindu-Arabic digit Brahmic numerals represented 1, 2, and 3 with as many lines. 4 was simplified by joining its four lines into a cross that looks like the modern plus sign. The Shunga would add a horizontal line on top of the digit, and the Kshatrapa and Pallava evolved the digit to a point where the speed of writing was a secondary concern. The Arabs' 4 still had the early concept of the cross, but for the sake of efficiency, was made in one stroke by connecting the "western" end to the "northern" end; the "eastern" end was finished off with a curve. The Europeans dropped the finishing curve and gradually made the digit less cursive, ending up with a digit very close to the original Brahmin cross. While the shape of the character for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2023 Anti-Jewish Unrest In The North Caucasus
Towards the end of October 2023, several violent antisemitic riots occurred in the North Caucasus region of Russia. A majority of the region's population is Muslim. The riots occurred during the Gaza war, a conflict which caused an increase in antisemitic incidents in various parts of the world. Background A few days before the events at Makhachkala Airport, local Telegram channels circulated calls to participate in the gathering at the airport. Messages about "refugees from Israel" arriving in Dagestan were published by the "Morning Dagestan" Telegram channel, which was launched by Russian-Ukrainian politician Ilya Ponomarev. Previously, the same Telegram channel organized the 2022 North Caucasian protests. Timeline 28 October Khasavyurt Residents of Khasavyurt, Dagestan, gathered near the Flamingo Hotel after reports that refugees from Israel were being accommodated there. The protesters demanded that all hotel residents come to the windows to look at them. When t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antisemitism
Antisemitism or Jew-hatred is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who harbours it is called an antisemite. Whether antisemitism is considered a form of racism depends on the school of thought. Antisemitic tendencies may be motivated primarily by negative sentiment towards Jewish peoplehood, Jews as a people or negative sentiment towards Jews with regard to Judaism. In the former case, usually known as racial antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by the belief that Jews constitute a distinct race with inherent traits or characteristics that are repulsive or inferior to the preferred traits or characteristics within that person's society. In the latter case, known as religious antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by their religion's perception of Jews and Judaism, typically encompassing doctrines of supersession that expect or demand Jews to turn away from Judaism and submit to the religion presenting itself as Judaism's suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaza War
The Gaza war is an armed conflict in the Gaza Strip and southern Israel fought since 7 October 2023. A part of the unresolved Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israeli–Palestinian and Gaza–Israel conflict, Gaza–Israel conflicts dating back to the 20th century, it follows the wars of Gaza War (2008–2009), 2008–2009, 2012 Gaza War, 2012, 2014 Gaza War, 2014, and 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis, 2021. The war has resulted in the deaths of more than one thousand Israelis and tens of thousands of Palestinians, along with widespread destruction and a Gaza humanitarian crisis (2023–present), humanitarian crisis in Gaza. A growing number of human rights organizations and experts—such as lawyers and academics genocide studies, studying genocide and international law—say that Gaza genocide, a genocide is occurring in Gaza, though this is debated. Meanwhile, the surrounding region has seen Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present), heightened instability and fighting. The fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tat People (Caucasus)
The Tat people are an Iranian people presently living within Azerbaijan and Russia (mainly Southern Dagestan). The Tats are part of the indigenous peoples of Iranian origin in the Caucasus. Tats use the Tat language, a southwestern Iranian language somewhat different from Standard Persian, as well as Azerbaijani and Russian. Tats are mainly Shia Muslims with a significant Sunni Muslim minority. Demographics As late as the turn of the 20th century, the Tat constituted about 11% of the population of the entire eastern half of Azerbaijan (see Baku Governorate, the section on Demography). They formed nearly one-fifth (18.9%) of the population of the Baku province and over one-quarter (25.3%) of the Kuba Province—both on the Caspian Sea. Either through misrepresentation, data manipulation, or simple assimilation, the Tat portion of the population of Azerbaijan has shrunk to insignificance, facing assimilation. The 1886–1892 Tsarist population figures counted 124,683 Tats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechen Republic Of Ichkeria
The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria ( ; ; ; abbreviated as "ChRI" or "CRI"), known simply as Ichkeria, was a ''de facto'' State (polity), state that controlled most of the former Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Checheno-Ingush ASSR from 1991 to 2000 and has been a government-in-exile since. In September–October 1991, supporters of Dzhokhar Dudayev seized power in Chechnya in the Chechen Revolution. Dudayev was subsequently elected as Chechnya's President and in this new position, he Declaration of Sovereignty of the Chechen Republic, proclaimed Chechnya's independence from Russia. The move was welcomed by Georgia's President Zviad Gamsakhurdia, who was one of the first to congratulate Dudayev with victory and attended his inauguration as president in Grozny. While Chechnya did not receive backing from the international community, it received support and attention from Georgia, which became its only gateway to the outside world that was not controlled by Mosc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
