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History Of Madrid
The documented history of Madrid dates to the 9th century, even though the area has been inhabited since the Stone Age. The primitive nucleus of Madrid, a walled military outpost in the left bank of the Manzanares (river), Manzanares, dates back to the second half of the 9th century, during the rule of the Emirate of Córdoba. Conquered by Christians in 1083 or 1085, Madrid consolidated in the Late Middle Ages as a middle to upper-middle rank town of the Crown of Castile. The development of Madrid as administrative centre began when the court of the Spanish Empire, Hispanic Monarchy was settled in the town in 1561. Fortress and town The primitive urban nucleus of Madrid (''Majriṭ'') was founded in the late 9th century (from 852 to 886) as a citadel erected on behalf of Muhammad I of Córdoba, Muhammad I, the Emirate of Córdoba, Cordobese emir, on the relatively steep left bank of the Manzanares (river), Manzanares. Originally it was largely a military outpost for the quart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiesta En La Plaza Mayor
''Fiesta'' (Spanish for "religious feast", "festival", or "party") may refer to: Events *Patronal festival (''fiesta patronal''), a yearly Christian religious celebration of a patron saint or virgin * Fiesta San Antonio, a 10-day event held every April in San Antonio, Texas * St. Peter's Fiesta, a five-day festival in Gloucester, Massachusetts * Fiestas de Santa Fe, a festival held in Santa Fe, New Mexico Film and television * ''Fiesta'' (1941 film), an American film by LeRoy Prinz * ''Fiesta'' (1947 film), an MGM film starring Esther Williams and Ricardo Montalbán *''Fiesta'' (1995 film), a French film by Pierre Boutron * ''Fiesta'' (TV series), a 1958 Australian music and dance programme Music * The Fiestas, an American R&B group Albums * ''Fiesta'' (Carlito album), 2006 * ''Fiesta'' (Denise Rosenthal album), 2013 * ''Fiesta'' (Fiskales Ad-Hok album), 1998 * ''Fiesta'' (Miranda album), 1999 * ''Fiesta'' (Raffaella Carrà album), 1977 *'' Fiesta! Magsasaya Ang Lahat'', by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Sa'id Al-Maghribi
Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Mūsā ibn Saʿīd al-Maghribī () (1213–1286), also known as Ibn Saʿīd al-Andalusī, was an Arab geographer, historian, poet, and the most important collector of poetry from al-Andalus in the 12th and 13th centuries. Biography Ibn Said was born at Qal'a Benī Sa'īd (modern day Alcalá la Real) near Granada to a prominent family which was descended from the Companion of the Prophet Ammar ibn Yasir. Many of his family members were literary figures, and grew up in Marrakesh. He subsequently studied in Seville and stayed in Tunis, Alexandria, Cairo, Jerusalem and Aleppo. At the age of 30, he undertook a pilgrimage to Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above .... He was also a close friend of the Muwallad poet . His last years were spent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Segovia
Segovia ( , , ) is a city in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the Province of Segovia. Segovia is located in the Meseta central, Inner Plateau of the Iberian Peninsula, near the northern slopes of the Sistema Central mountain range. Housing is nestled on a bend of the Eresma River, Eresma river. The city is famous for its historic buildings including three main landmarks: Aqueduct of Segovia, its midtown Roman aqueduct, Segovia Cathedral, its cathedral (one of the last ones to be built in Europe following a Gothic style), and the Alcázar of Segovia (a fortress). The city center was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985. Etymology The name of Segovia is of Celtiberians, Celtiberian origin. Although historians have linked its old name to ', the discovery of the original Ancient Rome, Roman city of Segobriga near Saelices discarded this possibility. The name of "S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qanat
A qanāt () or kārīz () is a water supply system that was developed in ancient Iran for the purpose of transporting usable water to the surface from an aquifer or a well through an underground aqueduct. Originating approximately 3,000 years ago, its function is essentially the same across the Middle East and North Africa, but it is known by a variety of regional names beyond today's Iran, including: kārēz in Afghanistan and Pakistan; foggāra in Algeria; khettāra in Morocco; falaj in Oman and the United Arab Emirates; and ʿuyūn in Saudi Arabia. In addition to those in Iran, the largest extant and functional qanats are located in Afghanistan, Algeria, China (i.e., the Turpan water system), Oman, and Pakistan. Proving crucial to water supply in areas with hot and dry climates, a qanat enables water to be transported over long distances by largely eliminating the risk of much of it evaporating on the journey. The system also has the advantage of being fairly resistant to n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physician
A physician, medical practitioner (British English), medical doctor, or simply doctor is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the Medical education, study, Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as Specialty (medicine), specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practitioner, general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the Discipline (academia), academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, pathophysiology, underlying diseases, and their treatment, which is the science of medicine, and a decent Competence (human resources ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mozarabs
The Mozarabs (from ), or more precisely Andalusi Christians, were the Christians of al-Andalus, or the territories of Iberia under Muslim rule from 711 to 1492. Following the Umayyad conquest of the Visigothic Kingdom in Hispania, the Christian population of much of Iberia came under Muslim control. Initially, the vast majority of Mozarabs kept Christianity and their dialects descended from Latin. Gradually, the population converted to Islam—an estimated 50% by the year 951 ''Cited in'' —and was influenced, in varying degrees, by Arab customs and knowledge, and sometimes acquired greater social status in doing so. The local Romance vernaculars, with an important contribution of Arabic and spoken by Christians and Muslims alike, are referred to as Andalusi Romance (also called ''Mozarabic language''). Mozarabs were mostly Catholics of the Visigothic or Mozarabic Rite. Due to Sharia and fiqh being confessional and only applying to Muslims, the Christians paid the jizya tax, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Knight-villein
A knight-villein (''Cavaleiro-vilão''H. V. Livermore: A History of Portugal', Cambridge University Press, p.148. in Portuguese, ''caballero villano'' in Spanish) was a free plebeian horsemen who owned land, weapons and a horse, despite not being part of the nobility, being prominent in medieval Portugal, Castile and Leon. Knights-villein provided military service directly to the king, and in exchange were entitled to the same set of privileges as minor nobles for doing so: among others, they did not pay scutage, and their testimony was considered proof in courts. Commoners usually fought on foot, but if their property indicated a certain level of affluence they were obligated to own a horse and considered knights-villein, the highest class of free commoners, just below the nobility. The town charter of Penela reads: "all those that dwell here and have two yoke of oxen and ten sheep and two cows and a bed of cloth, he that has more, let him get also a horse". In medieval Portugal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Granary
A granary, also known as a grain house and historically as a granarium in Latin, is a post-harvest storage building primarily for grains or seeds. Granaries are typically built above the ground to prevent spoilage and protect the stored grains or seeds from rodents, pests, floods, and adverse weather conditions. They also assist in drying the grains to prevent mold growth. Modern granaries may incorporate advanced ventilation and temperature control systems to preserve the quality of the stored grains. Early origins From ancient times grain has been stored in bulk. The oldest granaries yet found date back to 10th millennium BC, 9500 BC and are located in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A settlements in the Jordan River, Jordan Valley. The first were located in places between other buildings. However beginning around 9th millennium BC, 8500 BC, they were moved inside houses, and by 8th millennium BC, 7500 BC storage occurred in special rooms. The first granaries measured 3 x 3 m on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garrison
A garrison is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a military base or fortified military headquarters. A garrison is usually in a city, town, fort, castle, ship, or similar site. "Garrison town" is a common expression for any town that has a military base nearby. The term garrison comes from the French language, French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip". "Garrison towns" () were used during the Early Muslim conquests, Arab Islamic conquests of Middle Eastern lands by Arabs, Arab-Muslim armies to increase their dominance over indigenous populations. In order to occupy non-Arab, non-Islamic areas, nomadic Arab tribesmen were taken from the desert by the ruling Arab elite, conscripted into Islamic armies, and settled into garrison towns as well as given a share in the Jizya, spoils of war. The primary utility of the Arab-Islamic garrisons was to cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yahya Al-Qadir
Yahya ibn Ismail ibn Yahya, known by the laqab, regnal name al-Qadir bi-llah (died 28 October 1092) was the Dhulnunid dynasty, Dhulnunid ruler of the Taifa of Toledo in Spain between 1075 until the Siege of Toledo (1085), fall of Toledo in 1085 and of the Taifa of Valencia from 1086 until his death. Biography He succeeded his grandfather Al-Mamun of Toledo, al-Mamun when he was assassinated in 1075. In 1079 Toledo revolted and the ruler of the Taifa of Badajoz, , took the city. Al-Qadir fled and sought help from king Alfonso VI of León and Castile who came to his aid, enabling him to retake the city on 25 May 1085 as his vassal. Al-Qadir also had designs on the Taifa of Valencia, although he had to counter the ambitions of the ruler of the Taifa of Zaragoza, Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud. Once again Alfonso VI sent troops, under the command of Álvar Fáñez to support him. In return, in 1086 Alfonso VI required his vassal to confront the Almoravids at the battle of Sagrajas. In 1092 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso VI
Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given name recorded from the 8th century (Alfonso I of Asturias, r. 739–757) in the Christian successor states of the Visigothic Kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula. In the later medieval period it became a standard name in the Hispanic and Portuguese royal families. It is derived from a Gothic name, or a conflation of several Gothic names; from ''*Aþalfuns'', composed of the elements ''aþal'' "noble" and ''funs'' "eager, brave, ready", and perhaps influenced by names such as ''*Alafuns'', ''*Adefuns'' and ''* Hildefuns''. It is recorded as ''Adefonsus'' in the 9th and 10th century, and as ''Adelfonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'' in the 10th to 11th. The reduced form ''Alfonso'' is recorded in the late 9th century, and the Portuguese form ''Afonso'' from the early 11th and ''Anfós'' in Catalan from the 12th century until the 15th. Variants of the name include: '' Alonso'' (Spanish), ''Alfonso'' (Spanish a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
