|
Hellenic National Defense General Staff
The Hellenic National Defence General Staff (, abbr. ΓΕΕΘΑ) is the senior staff of the Hellenic Armed Forces. It was established in 1950, when the separate armed services ministries were consolidated into the Ministry of National Defence. Its role in peacetime was as a coordinating and senior consultative body at the disposal of the Greek government, and in wartime as the overall headquarters of the Armed Forces. In recent years, through ongoing efforts at increased inter-services cooperation and integration, the HNDGS has assumed peacetime operational control over the separate branches. Between 19 December 1968 and 10 August 1977, the HNDGS was abolished, and the Armed Forces Headquarters (, abbr. ) established in its place. The Chief of the HNDGS The Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff () conducts the HNDGS and is the main adviser to the Government Council for Foreign Affairs and Defence (KYSEA) and to the Minister of Defence on military issues. Throug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corinthian Helmet
The Corinthian helmet originated in ancient Greece and took its name from the city-state of Corinth. It was a helmet made of bronze which in its later styles covered the entire head and neck, with slits for the eyes and mouth. A large curved projection protected the nape of the neck. Out of combat, a Greek hoplite would wear the helmet tipped upward for comfort. This practice gave rise to a series of variant forms in Italy, where the slits were almost closed, since the helmet was no longer pulled over the face but worn cap-like. Although the classical Corinthian helmet fell out of use among the Greeks in favour of more open types, the Italo-Corinthian types remained in use until the 1st century AD, being used, among others, by the Roman army. Physical evidence Apparently (judging from artistic and archaeological evidence) the most popular helmet during the Archaic and early Classical periods, the style gradually gave way to the more open Thracian helmet, Chalcidian helmet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantinos Floros
General officer, General Konstantinos Floros (; born June 24, 1961) is a Greece, Greek army officer who served as Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff in 2020–2024. Biography Konstantinos Floros was born at Chalkida on 24 June 1961. In 1979–1983 he attended the Hellenic Army Academy, graduating as an infantry second lieutenant. He then served as platoon leader in the Non Commissioned Officers Army Academy (Greece), Non Commissioned Officers Army Academy, and company commander in Samos Island. He entered the army special forces in 1986, serving successively in the 575th Marines Battalion, the 3rd Special National Guard Detachment, and the 2nd Paratroopers Squadron. During this time, apart from the relevant army schools, he also completed courses in the Hellenic Navy's elite Underwater Demolition Unit in 1989, and the US Army's John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School in 1992, where he distinguished himself as the best foreign student of his cohort. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metapolitefsi
The Metapolitefsi (, , " regime change") was a period in modern Greek history from the fall of the Ioannides military junta of 1973–74 to the transition period shortly after the 1974 legislative elections. The metapolitefsi was ignited by the liberalisation plan of military dictator Georgios Papadopoulos, which was opposed by prominent politicians such as Panagiotis Kanellopoulos and Stephanos Stephanopoulos, and halted by the massive Athens Polytechnic uprising against the military junta. The counter coup of Dimitrios Ioannides, and his coup d'etat against President of Cyprus Makarios III, which led to the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, brought the dictatorship down. The appointment of the interim "national unity government", led by former prime minister Konstantinos Karamanlis, saw Karamanlis legalise the Communist Party (KKE) and found the center-right but still parliamentary (non-military) New Democracy party, which won the elections of 1974 by a landslide. Bac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dionysios Arbouzis
Dionysios Arbouzis () was a Hellenic Army officer who rose to the rank of general and held the position of Chief of the Hellenic Armed Forces in 1974–1976, after the fall of the Greek military junta. Arbouzis, with more than 13 years of combat experience, participated in World War II, in the Greek Civil War and the Korean War. Arbouzis graduated from the Hellenic Army Academy and participated as an officer of the Greek Army in the major conflicts of World War II in Greece: Greco-Italian War (1940–1941), Battle of Greece (1941), as well as the Greek Civil War (1946–1949). During the Greco-Italian War, he participated, as battalion commander in the 33rd Infantry Regiment, in the Battle of Hill 717 during the Italian spring offensive. He is also notable as a commander of the Greek Expeditionary Force in Korea during the Korean War, as the first commander (as a colonel, in 1960) of the Hellenic Force in Cyprus, and as a commander of the Hellenic Army Academy (as a major genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimitrios Ioannidis
Dimitrios Ioannidis ( ; 13 March 1923 – 16 August 2010), also known as Dimitris Ioannidis and as The Invisible Dictator, was a Greek military officer and one of the leading figures in the junta that ruled the country from 1967 to 1974. Ioannidis was considered a "purist and a moralist, a type of Greek Gaddafi". Early life and education Ioannidis was born in Athens to a wealthy, upper middle-class business family (although he claimed to come from poverty) with roots in Epirus. However, as it was recently revealed, he was descended from Romaniote Jews, long established in Ioannina. During the Axis occupation of Greece he was a member of the National Republican Greek League (EDES) resistance group. After the war he studied at the Hellenic Military Academy and complemented his military education by studying at the Infantry School, the War School, and the School of Atomic-Chemical-Biological Warfare. As an army officer he took part also in the Greek civil war. Career Ioannidis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxiarch
The word taxiarch ( ; ) is used in the Greek language to mean "brigadier". The term derives , in military context meaning 'an ordered formation'. It is cognate with the scientific term taxonomy. In turn, the rank has given rise to the Greek term for brigade, ''taxiarchia''. In Greek Orthodox Church usage, the term is also applied to the archangels Michael and Gabriel, as leaders of the heavenly host, and several locations in Greece are named after them. Ancient use In ancient Greece, the title or rank was held by a number of officers in the armies of several but not all city-states, with Sparta being a notable exception. In Classical Athens, there were ten taxiarchs, one for each of the city's tribes ('' phylai''), a subordinate to the respective ''strategos''. Byzantine use The term first appears in use in the Byzantine army in the late 6th-century ''Strategikon'' of emperor Maurice, where it is reserved for the commander of the elite '' Optimatoi'' mercenary corps. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Athens Polytechnic Uprising
The Athens Polytechnic uprising occurred in November 1973 as a massive student demonstration of popular rejection of the Greek military junta of 1967–1974. It began on 14 November 1973, escalated to an open anti-junta revolt, and ended in bloodshed in the early morning of 17 November after a series of events starting with a tank crashing through the gates of the Athens Polytechnic. It is believed that approximately 40 people were killed by the Greek army on that day, and more than 2,000 were injured. This was the first event in a series of political crises that ultimately led to the fall of the junta in the summer of 1974, just a few months later. The uprising had a lasting impact on Greek politics; it marked a break between the Greek youth and traditional leftist parties ( KKE), and it also saw the beginning of the revival of Greek anarchism. The repression faced by students gave rise to the terrorist organization 17N. Background The first massive public action against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odysseas Angelis
Odysseas Angelis (; 12 February 1912 – 22 March 1987) was a Greek nationalist military officer of the Artillery eg. Number 19386 He reached the rank of four star General and served as Chief of the Greek Armed Forces and Vice President of the Hellenic Republic. He supported the military regime that was established on April 21, 1967. General Aggelis was born on 12 February 1912, in a hut next to the chapel of Agia Anna in the village of Halia (now called Drosia) in the prefecture of Euboea. He committed suicide by hanging on March 22, 1987, in Korydallos Prison, cell no 48, where he was serving sentence. His funeral took place at the Agioi Theodoroi cemetery in Ano Steni, Euboea (the village he grew up) and was buried in a modest grave in line with his request. He was not married and had no descendants. Biography Early career Angelis was born in the village of Steni on the island of Euboea in 1912. After completing his studies at the Hellenic Army Academy, he was sworn in as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine II Of Greece
Constantine II (, ; 2 June 1940 – 10 January 2023) was the last King of Greece, reigning from 6 March 1964 until the abolition of the Greek monarchy on 1 June 1973. Constantine was born in Athens as the only son of Crown Prince Paul and Crown Princess Frederica of Greece. Being of Danish descent, he was also born as a prince of Denmark. As his family was forced into exile during the Second World War, he spent the first years of his childhood in Egypt and South Africa. He returned to Greece with his family in 1946 during the Greek Civil War. After Constantine's uncle, George II, died in 1947, Paul became the new king and Constantine the crown prince. As a young man, Constantine was a competitive sailor and Olympian, winning a gold medal in the 1960 Rome Olympics in the Dragon class along with Odysseus Eskitzoglou and George Zaimis in the yacht ''Nireus''. From 1964, he served on the International Olympic Committee. Constantine acceded as king following his father's d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Kings Of Greece
The Kingdom of Greece was ruled by the House of Wittelsbach from 1832 to 1862 and by the House of Glücksburg from 1863 to 1924 and, after being temporarily abolished in favor of the Second Hellenic Republic, again from 1935 to 1973, when it was once more abolished and replaced by the Third Hellenic Republic. Only the first King, Otto, was actually styled ''King of Greece'' (). His successor, George I, was styled ''King of the Hellenes'' (), as were all other modern Greek monarchs. The Greek monarchy was definitively abolished weeks before the referendum in 1973 conducted under the auspices of the then-ruling military regime, which confirmed the abolishment. It was re-confirmed by a second referendum in 1974, after the restoration of democratic rule. House of Wittelsbach The London Conference of 1832 was an international conference convened to establish a stable government in Greece. Negotiations between the three Great Powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Junta
The Greek junta or Regime of the Colonels was a Right-wing politics, right-wing military junta that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974. On 21 April 1967, a group of colonels with CIA backing 1967 Greek coup d'état, overthrew the caretaker government a month before 1967 Greek legislative election, scheduled elections which Georgios Papandreou's Centre Union was favoured to win. The dictatorship was characterised by policies such as anti-communism, restrictions on civil liberties, and the imprisonment, torture, and internal exile in Greece, exile of Greek anti-junta movement, political opponents. It was ruled by Georgios Papadopoulos from 1967 to 1973, but an attempt to renew popular support in a 1973 Greek referendum, 1973 referendum on the monarchy and gradual democratisation by Papadopoulos was ended by another coup by the hardliner Dimitrios Ioannidis. Ioannidis ruled until it fell on 24 July 1974 under the pressure of the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, leading to the Metapolite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spyridon Avgeris
Spyridon Avgeris (, 10/23 September 1909 – 3 January 1972) was a Greek Navy officer who served as Chief of the Hellenic Navy General Staff (1963–67) and of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff (1967), retiring with the rank of vice admiral. Life Born on Salamis Island on 10 September 1909, Spyridon Avgeris entered the Hellenic Navy Academy on 9 October 1925 and graduated on 10 October 1929 as a Line Ensign. He was promoted to su-lieutenant on 13 October 1933, and lieutenant on 27 October 1937. He served aboard various warships, and specialized in naval artillery, attending the Gunnery School in 1937. During the Greco-Italian War and the subsequent German invasion of Greece (1940–41) he served as commander of a naval anti-aircraft battery at Mount Aigaleo. Following the Axis occupation of Greece, he served in 1941–42 in the collaborationist government's Ministry of National Defence. In February 1942 he tried to escape to the Middle East and join the forces of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
