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Haute Autorité Pour La Transparence De La Vie Publique
The (HATVP, High Authority for the transparency of public life) is an independent French administrative authority created by the law on transparency of public life on 11 October 2013. It replaced the ''Commission pour la transparence financière de la vie politique'' ( Commission for the financial transparency of politics). The authority is responsible for ascertaining and preventing potential conflicts of interest among French public servants and officials. History Until 1989, the investigation and application of ethical problems, which included conflicts of interest or chronicles, were included in criminal proceedings, but had no special laws or authority to deal with such affairs until the Luchaire Affair that took place between 1982 and 1986. During the tenure of Charles Hernu, France supplied shells to Iran. The newspaper ''La Presse de la Manche and'' a report of the ''Contrôle général des armées'' published by in January 1987 revealed that end-user certificates w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrick Matet
Patrick may refer to: *Patrick (given name), list of people and fictional characters with this name *Patrick (surname), list of people with this name People *Saint Patrick (c. 385–c. 461), Christian saint *Gilla Pátraic (died 1084), Patrick or Patricius, Bishop of Dublin *Patrick, 1st Earl of Salisbury (c. 1122–1168), Anglo-Norman nobleman * Patrick (footballer, born 1983), Brazilian right-back *Patrick (footballer, born 1985), Brazilian striker *Patrick (footballer, born 1992), Brazilian midfielder *Patrick (footballer, born 1994), Brazilian right-back *Patrick (footballer, born May 1998), Brazilian forward *Patrick (footballer, born November 1998), Brazilian attacking midfielder *Patrick (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian defender * Patrick (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian defender *John Byrne (Scottish playwright) (born 1940), also a painter under the pseudonym Patrick * Don Harris (wrestler) (born 1960), American professional wrestler who uses the ring name Patrick Mul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cahuzac Affair
On 19 March 2013 Jérôme Cahuzac resigned as a minister in charge of fighting against tax fraud due to Tax-fraud, tax fraud allegations. He later admitted that he had held a secret foreign bank account for about 20 years. As a consequence, he was officially excluded as a member of the Socialist Party. The release of the Panama Papers confirmed that Cahuzac owned a Seychelles company named Cerman Group Limited, incorporated in 2009, whose director and shareholder were from other offshore companies. Jérôme Cahuzac was sentenced to three years in prison and five years of ineligibility on 8 December 2016. Background The 2008 financial crisis is considered by many to be the worst financial crisis since the Wall Street crash of 1929. It left France and the rest of Europe exhausted and indebted. Nicolas Sarkozy was then President of France, from 2007 to 2012. Following his five-year tenure, he lost the second round of the 2012 presidential election against François Hollande, Francois ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Assembly (France)
The National Assembly (, ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral French Parliament under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (France), Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known as () or deputies. There are 577 , each elected by a single-member Constituencies of the National Assembly of France, constituency (at least one per Departments of France, department) through a two-round system; thus, 289 seats are required for a majority. The List of presidents of the National Assembly of France, president of the National Assembly, currently Yaël Braun-Pivet, presides over the body. The officeholder is usually a member of the largest party represented, assisted by vice presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The National Assembly's term is five years; however, the president of France may dissolve the assembly, thereby calling for early elections, unless it has been dissolved in the preceding twelve m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Court Of Audit (France)
The ''Cour des Comptes'' (, "Court of Accounts") is France's supreme audit institution, under French law an judiciary of France#Administrative, administrative court. As such, it is Independent judiciary, independent from the Legislature, legislative and Executive (government), executive branches of the French Government. However, the 1946 and 1958 French constitutions made it the Court's duty to assist the Cabinet and Parliament in regulating government spending. The Court thus combines functions of a Exchequer of Pleas, court of exchequer, comptroller general's office, and Comptroller and Auditor General, auditor general's office in common-law countries. It is also a Grand Corps of the French State and mainly recruits among the best-ranked students graduating from the Ecole nationale d'administration. The Court traces its origins back to the Middle Ages and views itself as succeeding the Court of Auditors (France), Court of Auditors of Paris, permanently established in the early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conseil D'État (France)
In France, the (; Council of State) is a governmental body that acts both as legal adviser to the executive branch and as the supreme court for administrative justice, which is one of the two branches of the French judiciary system. Established in 1799 by Napoleon as a successor to the King's Council (), it is located in the Palais-Royal in Paris and is primarily made up of top-level legal officers. The Vice President of the Council of State ranks as the ninth most important civil servant in France. Members of the Council of State are part of a Grand Corps of the French State (''Grand corps de l'État''). The Council of State mainly recruits from among the top-ranking students graduating from the ''École nationale d'administration''. Composition A General Session of the Council of State is presided over by the Prime Minister or, in their absence, the Minister of Justice. However, since the real presidency of the Council is held by the Vice-President, the Vice Preside ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lobbying
Lobbying is a form of advocacy, which lawfully attempts to directly influence legislators or government officials, such as regulatory agency, regulatory agencies or judiciary. Lobbying involves direct, face-to-face contact and is carried out by various entities, including individuals acting as Voting, voters, constituents, or private citizens, corporations pursuing their business interests, nonprofits and Non-governmental organization, NGOs through advocacy groups to achieve their missions, and legislators or government officials influencing each other in legislative affairs. Lobbying or certain practices that share commonalities with lobbying are sometimes referred to as government relations, or government affairs and sometimes legislative relations, or legislative affairs. It is also an Industry (economics), industry known by many of the aforementioned names, and has a near-complete overlap with the public affairs industry. Lobbyists may fall into different categories: amateur lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolving Door (politics)
In politics, a revolving door can refer to two distinct phenomena. Primarily, it denotes a situation wherein personnel move between roles as legislators or regulators in the public sector, and as employees or lobbyists of industries (affected by state legislation and regulations) in the private sector. It is analogous to the movement of people in a physical revolving door, hence its name. Critics assert that such a relationship between the government and private sector can lead to conflict of interest and regulatory capture, based on the granting of reciprocated privileges between them. The term has also been used to refer to the constant switching and ousting of political leaders from office, such as in Australia (which changed Prime Ministers 6 times from 2007 to 2018), interwar Yugoslavia, and Japan. Overview Previous work The revolving door phenomenon has become a public interest in the 2010s, with the writings of Andrew Baker, Simon Johnson and James Kwak. In the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Le Journal Du Dimanche
''Le Journal du Dimanche'' (; ), also known as the JDD , is a French weekly newspaper published on Sundays in France. JDD was bought in 2023 by Vivendi of media mogul Vincent Bolloré, triggering a strike movement against the new editorial stance perceived as far-right. History and profile ''Le Journal du Dimanche'' was created by Pierre Lazareff in 1948. He was managing editor of '' France Soir'' at that time. The weekly paper belongs to the Lagardère Group through Hachette Filipacchi Médias Hachette Filipacchi Médias, S.A. (HFM) is a magazine publisher. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Lagardère Active, a division of the media conglomerate Lagardère Group of France. History '' Hachette'' was founded by Louis Hachette (Fre .... The company is also the publisher of the paper which is based in Paris and which is published on Sundays. ''Le Journal du Dimanche'' was published in broadsheet format until 1999 when it began to be published in the Berliner for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe Séguin
Philippe Séguin (; 21 April 1943 – 7 January 2010) was a French political figure who was President of the National Assembly from 1993 to 1997 and President of the Cour des Comptes of France from 2004 to 2010. He entered the Court of Financial Auditors in 1970, but he began a political career in the Neo-Gaullist party RPR. In 1978, he was elected to the National Assembly as a deputy for the Vosges ''département''. He was Mayor of Épinal between 1983 and 1997. Representing the social tradition of the Gaullism, he was Minister of Social Affairs in Jacques Chirac's cabinet, from 1986 to 1988. After Chirac's defeat at the 1988 presidential election, he allied with Charles Pasqua and criticized the abandonment of Gaullist doctrine by the RPR executive. He accused Alain Juppé and Édouard Balladur of wanting an alignment on liberal and pro-European policies. In 1992, he played a leading role in the No campaign against the Maastricht Treaty. On the eve of the vote he opposed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflict Of Interest
A conflict of interest (COI) is a situation in which a person or organization is involved in multiple wikt:interest#Noun, interests, financial or otherwise, and serving one interest could involve working against another. Typically, this relates to situations in which the personal interest of an individual or organization might adversely affect a duty owed to decision-making, make decisions for the benefit of a third party. An "interest" is a commitment, obligation, duty or goal associated with a specific social role or practice. By definition, a "conflict of interest" occurs if, within a particular decision-making context, an individual is subject to two coexisting interests that are in direct conflict with each other ("competing interests"). This is important because under these circumstances, the decision-making process can be disrupted or compromised, affecting the integrity or reliability of the outcomes. Typically, a conflict of interest arises when an individual occupies tw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France Info
France Info (; stylised as franceinfo:) is a French public broadcasting service is a brand of news service participated by France Télévisions, Radio France, France Médias Monde and the Institut national de l'audiovisuel. The service includes a radio network, a TV channel, a website, and a mobile application. Background Launched on 1 June 1987 by Radio France, France Info is Europe's first radio network, that broadcasts live news and information 24 hours a day, serving most regions in France in 105.5 MHz. On 11 July 2016, the name of France Télévisions' then-upcoming news channel was announced to be France Info, which was launched on 1 September that year. This gathered the radio, television and online services under the banner of France Info. Online On 24 August 2016, France Télévisions' France TV Info online service and Radio France's France Info website were merged into a new look service. It serves as the official website of both France Info radio and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
End-user Certificate
An end-user certificate, or EUC, is a document used in international transfers, including sales and arms provided as aid, of weapons and ammunition to certify that the buyer is the final recipient of the materials and does not plan on transferring the materials to another. EUCs are required by many governments to restrict the movement of military materials to undesired destinations, such as non-state actors under an international or domestic embargo, governments with bad human rights records or states that are considered to be threats by the original supplier of the arms. Issues There are several problems with EUCs as a means to prevent undesirable arms exports: EUCs can be forged or falsified. They can also be obtained from corrupt officials and so there is a need for EUCs that are difficult to forge. Another problem is that an EUC does not guarantee that the arms recipient will actually live up to its promise not to transfer the weapons received. EUCs that are not backed up b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
