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Hal (Sufism)
A ''ḥāl'' (, meaning "state" or "condition", sometimes anglicized as ''haal''; plural ''aḥwāl'', sometimes anglicized as ''ahwaal'') is a special-purpose, temporary state of consciousness, generally understood to be the product of a Sufism, Sufi's spiritual practices while on his way toward God. Overview A ''ḥāl'' is by nature transient and one should not attempt to prolong it. It results from psychological or spiritual influences which affect the man during his progress towards God. Related concepts are ecstasy ''(wajad, wajd)'', annihilation ''(istilam)'', happiness ''(bast (sufism), bast)'', despondency ''(qabd)'', awakening ''(sahû)'', intoxication ''(sukr)'', etc. They arise like flashes on the horizon, blinding flashes of lightning which disappear immediately. However, these stages are necessary for the liberating experience of Man; thanks to them he may distinguish the contingent from the consciousness anything, except that which is destined to endure. Acco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consciousness
Consciousness, at its simplest, is awareness of a state or object, either internal to oneself or in one's external environment. However, its nature has led to millennia of analyses, explanations, and debate among philosophers, scientists, and theologians. Opinions differ about what exactly needs to be studied or even considered consciousness. In some explanations, it is synonymous with the mind, and at other times, an aspect of it. In the past, it was one's "inner life", the world of introspection, of private thought, imagination, and volition (psychology), volition. Today, it often includes any kind of cognition, experience, feeling, or perception. It may be awareness, awareness of awareness, metacognition, or self-awareness, either continuously changing or not. The disparate range of research, notions, and speculations raises a curiosity about whether the right questions are being asked. Examples of the range of descriptions, definitions or explanations are: ordered distinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufism
Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are referred to as "Sufis" (from , ), and historically typically belonged to "orders" known as (pl. ) — congregations formed around a grand (saint) who would be the last in a Silsilah, chain of successive teachers linking back to Muhammad, with the goal of undergoing (self purification) and the hope of reaching the Maqam (Sufism), spiritual station of . The ultimate aim of Sufis is to seek the pleasure of God by endeavoring to return to their original state of purity and natural disposition, known as . Sufism emerged early on in Islamic history, partly as a reaction against the expansion of the early Umayyad Caliphate (661–750) and mainly under the tutelage of Hasan al-Basri. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly obs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wajad
or is a Sufi term for the religious ecstasy induced by ''dhikr (; ; ) is a form of Islamic worship in which phrases or prayers are repeatedly recited for the purpose of remembering God. It plays a central role in Sufism, and each Sufi order typically adopts a specific ''dhikr'', accompanied by specific ...'' (the remembrance of God) or by means of '' sama'', listening to the measured recitation, signing or chanting of spiritual verses or poetry. Sufi literature describes ''wajd'' as "states which come upon the heart unexpectedly." During ''wajd'', one loses awareness of oneself and others, and an awareness of Allah descends upon the person. It can overwhelm the senses, causing extreme physical reactions. ''Wajd'' can manifest as intense joy, when one experiences Allah's beauty, or as intense grief, when experiencing Allah's Majesty. Experiences of ''wajd'' help Sufi seekers feel deeper feelings of longing and love. See also * Wujud References Sufi philoso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bast (sufism)
Bast may refer to: Places * Bast, Afghanistan * Bast, Baška Voda, a village in the Split-Dalmatia County in southern Croatia * Bašť, a municipality and village in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic * Bast, Iran, a village in Bushehr Province, Iran *Bast, alternate name of Basut (other), places in Iran * Bast-e Kheyrabad, a village in Fars Province, Iran Fiction * Bast (Marvel Comics), Marvel Comics depiction of the goddess * Bast, a character in the DC Comics series ''The Sandman'' * Chief Bast, an Imperial officer from the film ''Star Wars'' * Bast, Sadie Kane and Carter Kane's "guardian goddess" hosted from their cat Muffin from ''The Kane Chronicles'' * The Basts, a family in E. M. Forster's 1910 novel ''Howards End'' Other uses * Bast (asylum) in Iranian culture * Bast (surname) * Bast fibre, a type of plant fibre * Bastet or Bast, a goddess in ancient Egyptian mythology * (BASt), the German Federal institution for road issues; see Autobahn * B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Arabi
Ibn Arabi (July 1165–November 1240) was an Andalusian Sunni Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Mu ... scholar, Sufism, Sufi Mysticism, mystic, poet, and Philosophy, philosopher who was extremely influential within Islamic thought. Out of the 850 works attributed to him, some 700 are authentic, while over 400 are still extant. His Cosmology, cosmological teachings became the dominant worldview in many parts of the Muslim world. His traditional title was ''Mohyeddin, Muḥyiddīn'' (; ''The Reviver of Religion''). After his death, practitioners of Sufism began referring to him by the honorific title ''Shaykh al-Akbar'', () from which the name Akbarism is derived. Ibn ʿArabī is considered a Sufi saint, saint by some scholars and Muslim communities.Al-Suyuti, Tanbih al- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fanaa (Sufism)
Fanaa ( ') in Sufism is the "passing away" or "annihilation" (of the self).Harmless, William. ''Mystics''. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008 Fana means "to die before one dies", a concept highlighted by famous notable Persian mystics such as Rumi. There is controversy around what Fana exactly is, with some Sufis defining it as the absolute annihilation of the human ego before God, whereby the self becomes an instrument of God's plan in the world (Baqaa).Yaran, Cafer. Muslim religious experiences. Alister Hardy Religious Experience Research Centre, 2004. Other Sufis also interpret it as breaking down of the individual ego and a recognition of the fundamental unity of God, creation, and the individual self. However, persons having entered this enlightened state are said to obtain absolute awareness of an intrinsic unity (Tawhid) between God and all that exists, including the individual themselves. This second interpretation has sometimes been decried by religious and political ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Karīm Ibn Hawāzin Qushayri
'Abd al-Karīm ibn Hawazin Abū al-Qāsim al-Qushayrī al-Naysābūrī (, ; 986 – 30 December 1072) was an Arab Muslim scholar, theologian, jurist, legal theoretician, commentator of the Qur’an, muhaddith, grammarian, spiritual master, orator, poet, and an eminent scholar who mastered a number of Islamic sciences. Al-Qushayri, combined the routine instruction of a Shafi'i law specialist and Hadith expert (muhaddith) with a solid slant to mysticism and ascetic lifestyle. He was born in Nishapur which is in Khorasan province in Iran. This region was widely known as a center of Islamic civilization up to the 13th Century CE. He was the grandfather of the hadith scholar Abd al-Ghafir al-Farsi, a student of Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni. Biography Al Qushayri was born into a privileged Arab family from among the Banu Qushayr who had settled near Nishapur. As a young man he received the education of a country squire of the time: adab, the Arabic language, chivalry and weapo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maqam (Sufism)
Maqām ( "station"; plural ''maqāmāt'') refers to each stage a Sufi's soul must attain in its search for God.Gardet, L. "Ḥāl." Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman; , Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; , E. van Donzel; and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2011. Brill Online. Augustana. 2 April 2011 The stations are derived from the most routine considerations a Sufi must deal with on a day-to-day basis and is essentially an embodiment of both mystical knowledge and Islamic law (Sharia). Although the number and order of maqamat are not universal the majority agree on the following seven: Tawba, Wara', Zuhd, Faqr, Ṣabr, Tawakkul, and Riḍā. Sufis believe that these stations are the grounds of the spiritual life, and they are viewed as a mode through which the most elemental aspects of daily life begin to play a vital role in the overall attainment of oneness with God.Sells, Michael Anthony. Early Islamic Mysticism: Sufi, Qur'an, Mi'Raj, Poetic and Theological Wr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
