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Group Of Three
The Group of Three (G-3 or G3) is an informal grouping made up of the United States, United States of America, China, People's Republic of China, and Republic of India. List of countries by GDP (PPP), The three largest countries by gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity (PPP) are China, the United States, and India. The List of countries by population (United Nations), three largest countries by population are India, China, and the United States. References to a Group of Three of the United States, China, and India date back to the twenty-first century. Like the Group of Two, G2 grouping of the United States and China, the original concept was rooted in the strong economic growth of India and China since the 1990s which led to them becoming emerging powers and great powers in the early twenty-first century. The World Economic Forum used the term G3 in 2023, after India became the fastest-growing major economy in the first three years after the COVID-19 recession. ...
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United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ...
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Quadrilateral Security Dialogue
The Quad is a grouping of Australia, India, Japan, and the United States that is maintained by talks between member countries. The grouping follows the "Tsunami Core Group" and its "new type of diplomacy" developed in response to the 2004 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. It was initiated in 2007 by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, with the support of Australian Prime Minister John Howard, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney. The dialogue was paralleled by Military exercise#Types, joint military exercises of an unprecedented scale, titled Malabar (naval exercise)#2002–2007, Exercise Malabar. The diplomatic and military arrangement was widely viewed as a response to increased Chinese economic and military power. The partnership is known formally as the "Quad," not the "Quadrilateral Security Dialogue," noting its nature as a diplomatic, not security, partnership. The "Quadrilateral Security Di ...
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Narendra Modi
Narendra Damodardas Modi (born 17 September 1950) is an Indian politician who has served as the Prime Minister of India, prime minister of India since 2014. Modi was the chief minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, member of parliament (MP) for Varanasi (Lok Sabha constituency), Varanasi. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing politics, right-wing Hindutva paramilitary volunteer organisation. He is the longest-serving prime minister outside the Indian National Congress. Modi was born and raised in Vadnagar, Bombay State (present-day Gujarat), where he completed his secondary education. He was introduced to the RSS at the age of eight. Modi became a full-time worker for the RSS in Gujarat in 1971. The RSS assigned him to the BJP in 1985 and he rose through the party hierarchy, becoming general secretary in 1998. In 2001, Modi was appointed chief minister of Guja ...
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Malcolm Turnbull
Malcolm Bligh Turnbull (born 24 October 1954) is an Australian former politician and businessman who served as the 29th prime minister of Australia from 2015 to 2018. He held office as Liberal Party of Australia, leader of the Liberal Party and was the member of parliament (MP) for the New South Wales division of Division of Wentworth, Wentworth from 2004 to 2018. Born in Sydney, Turnbull graduated from the University of Sydney as a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws, before attending Brasenose College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholarship, Rhodes Scholar, earning a Bachelor of Civil Law degree. For more than two decades, he worked as a journalist, lawyer, merchant banker, and venture capitalist. He was Chair of the Australian Republic Movement, Australian Republican Movement from 1993 to 2000, and was one of the leaders of the unsuccessful "Yes" campaign in the 1999 Australian republic referendum, 1999 republic referendum. He was first elected to the Australian House of Repres ...
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Manila
Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on the island of Luzon, it is classified as a Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities, highly urbanized city. With , Manila is one of the world's List of cities proper by population density, most densely populated cities proper. Manila was the first chartered city in the country, designated bPhilippine Commission Act No. 183on July 31, 1901. It became autonomous with the passage of Republic Act No. 409, "The Revised Charter of the City of Manila", on June 18, 1949. Manila is considered to be part of the world's original set of global cities because its commercial networks were the first to extend across the Pacific Ocean and connect Asia with the Hispanic America, Spanish Americas through the Manila galleon, galleon trade. This marked t ...
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2017 ASEAN Summits
The 2017 ASEAN Summits or the 30th and 31st ASEAN Summits were diplomatic conferences centering on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) which were held in the Philippines from 28 to 29 April and 10–14 November 2017. This marks the third and fourth time the ASEAN Summit was held in the Philippines. Preparations The Committee for Security, Peace and Order and Emergency Preparedness and Response was organized to ensure security during the ASEAN Summit. For the 30th summit, 40,000 soldiers, 240 motorcycles, 120 patrol cars, as well as 45 air and naval assets were deployed. 30th ASEAN Summit ASEAN leaders released a statement on 28 April 2017 expressing "grave concern" over tensions in the Korean peninsula arising from North Korea's testing of nuclear weapons on January and September 2016 as well as ballistic missile tests conducted within the month and urged North Korea to fully comply with UN Security Council Resolutions and the international law. They also urge ...
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member states—30 European and 2 North American. Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949. NATO is a collective security system: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties. During the Cold War, NATO operated as a check on the threat posed by the Soviet Union. The alliance remained in place after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact, and has been involved in military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. The organization's motto is . The organization's strategic concepts include Deterrence theory, deterrence. NATO headquarters, NATO's main headquarter ...
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Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a Eurasian politics, political, economy, economic, international security and Defence (military), defence organization of ten member states. It was established in 2001 by the China, People's Republic of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. In June 2017, it expanded to eight states, with India and Pakistan. Iran joined the group in July 2023, and Belarus in July 2024. Several countries are engaged as observers or dialogue partners. It is the world's largest regional organization in terms of geography, geographic scope and world population, population, covering approximately 24% of the area of world (65% of Eurasia) and 42% of the world population. As of 2024, its combined nominal Gross domestic product, GDP accounts for around 23%, while its Gross domestic product, GDP based on Purchasing power parity, PPP comprises approximately 36% of the world's total. The SCO is the successor to the Shanghai Five, f ...
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Korea Times
''The Korea Times'' () is a daily English-language newspaper in South Korea. It is a sister paper of the ''Hankook Ilbo'', a major Korean-language daily. It is the oldest active daily English-language newspaper in South Korea. Since the late 1950s, it had been published by the Hankook Ilbo Media Group, but following an embezzlement scandal in 2013–2014 it was sold to Dongwha Group in 2015. The president-publisher of ''The Korea Times'' is Oh Young-jin. Description The newspaper's headquarters is located in the same building with ''Hankook Ilbo'' on Sejong-daero between Sungnyemun and Seoul Station in Seoul, South Korea. The paper is not to be confused with '' The Korea Daily News'', a 1904 to 1910 newspaper which briefly ran under the title ''Korea Times''. It is also unrelated to another paper by Lee Myo-muk, Ha Kyong-tok and Kim Yong-ui in September 1945. History ''The Korea Times'' was founded by Helen Kim five months into the 1950-53 Korean War. The first issu ...
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Morton Abramowitz
Morton Isaac Abramowitz (January 20, 1933 – November 29, 2024) was an American diplomat and U.S. State Department official. Starting his overseas career in Taipei, Taiwan, after joining the foreign service, he served as U.S. Ambassador to Thailand and Turkey and as the Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research. He retired from the State Department with the rank of Career Ambassador. In his later life, he acted as president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, served as co-chair of the Bipartisan Policy Center's Turkey Initiative, and founded the International Crisis Group. Early life Morton Isaac Abramowitz was born in Lakewood Township, New Jersey, on January 20, 1933, the son of Mendel and Dora (Smith) Abramowitz. His parents were Jewish immigrants from Lithuania. He received his B.A. from Stanford University (in history and economics) in 1953. He then attended Harvard University, earning an M.A. in 1955. Abramowitz served in the U.S. Army and ...
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United States Department Of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy of the United States, foreign policy and foreign relations of the United States, relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other nations, its primary duties are advising the U.S. president on international relations, administering List of diplomatic missions of the United States, diplomatic missions, negotiating international treaties and agreements, protecting citizens abroad and representing the U.S. at the United Nations. The department is headquartered in the Harry S Truman Building, a few blocks from the White House, in the Foggy Bottom, Washington, D.C., Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, D.C.; "Foggy Bottom" is thus sometimes used as a metonym. Established in 1789 as the first administrative arm of the U.S. executive branch, th ...
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Democratic Peace Theory
Proponents of democratic peace theory argue that both electoral and republican forms of democracy are hesitant to engage in armed conflict with other identified democracies. Different advocates of this theory suggest that several factors are responsible for motivating peace between democratic states. Individual theorists maintain "monadic" forms of this theory (democracies are in general more peaceful in their international relations); "dyadic" forms of this theory (democracies do not go to war with other democracies); and "systemic" forms of this theory (more democratic states in the international system makes the international system more peaceful). In terms of norms and identities, it is hypothesized that democratic publics are more dovish in their interactions with other democracies, and that democratically elected leaders are more likely to resort to peaceful resolution in disputes (both in domestic politics and international politics). In terms of structural or insti ...
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