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Glicko Rating System
The Glicko rating system and Glicko-2 rating system are methods of assessing a player's strength in zero-sum two-player games. The Glicko rating system was invented by Mark Glickman in 1995 as an improvement on the Elo rating system and initially intended for the primary use as a chess rating system. Glickman's principal contribution to measurement is "ratings reliability", called RD, for ''ratings deviation''. Overview Mark Glickman created the Glicko rating system in 1995 as an improvement on the Elo rating system. Both the Glicko and Glicko-2 rating systems are under public domain and have been implemented on game servers online like '' Counter-Strike: Global Offensive,'' ''Team Fortress 2'','' Dota 2'', ''Guild Wars 2'', '' Splatoon 2'', Online-go.com, Lichess Lichess (; ) is a free and open-source software, free and open-source Internet chess server run by a Nonprofit organization, non-profit organization of the same name. Users of the site can play online chess an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zero-sum Game
Zero-sum game is a Mathematical model, mathematical representation in game theory and economic theory of a situation that involves two competition, competing entities, where the result is an advantage for one side and an equivalent loss for the other. In other words, player one's gain is equivalent to player two's loss, with the result that the net improvement in benefit of the game is zero. If the total gains of the participants are added up, and the total losses are subtracted, they will sum to zero. Thus, Fair cake-cutting, cutting a cake, where taking a more significant piece reduces the amount of cake available for others as much as it increases the amount available for that taker, is a zero-sum game if marginal utility, all participants value each unit of cake equally. Other examples of zero-sum games in daily life include games like poker, chess, sport and Contract bridge, bridge where one person gains and another person loses, which results in a zero-net benefit for every ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Online-Go Server
An Internet Go server is a server that allows players of the game of Go (game), Go to play against opponents online. The two fundamental types of Go server are ''real-time'' servers and ''turn-based'' servers. History The first Go server that started operating is the IGS Go server, Internet Go Server (IGS), which began service in 1992Jim Z. Yu ''A Brief History of IGS, the Early Years'' 1992&Retrieved on 2023-06-07 and is still active as of 2021. Several other servers, all with the same basic server-client architecture, followed. IGS was started on February 2, 1992, by Tim Casey, Chris Chisolm, and Mark Okada, working at the University of New Mexico, and until April 5, 1993, continued at the University of California, Berkeley, and UC San Francisco (with an additional server at The Pasteur Institute, France); it was the first server of its kind. After its initial inception, some of its members helped to improve the server by writing software with a graphical interface; and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TrueSkill
TrueSkill is a skill-based ranking system developed by Microsoft for use with video game matchmaking on the Xbox network. Unlike the popular Elo rating system, which was initially designed for chess, TrueSkill is designed to support games with more than two players. In 2018, Microsoft published details about an extended version of TrueSkill, named TrueSkill2. It is based on a Thurstonian model with a Gaussian score distribution. It does not satisfy Luce's Choice Axiom. Calculation A player's skill is represented as a normal distribution \mathcal characterized by a mean value of \mu (mu, representing perceived skill) and a variance of \sigma (sigma, representing how "unconfident" the system is in the player's \mu value). As such \mathcal(x) can be interpreted as the probability that the player's "true" skill is x. On Xbox Live, players start with \mu = 25 and \sigma = 25/3; \mu always increases after a win and always decreases after a loss. The extent of actual updates depends ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess Rating System
A chess rating system is a system used in chess to estimate the strength of a player, based on their performance versus other players. They are used by organizations such as FIDE, the US Chess Federation (USCF or US Chess), International Correspondence Chess Federation, and the English Chess Federation. Most of the systems are used to recalculate ratings after a tournament or match but some are used to recalculate ratings after individual games. Popular online chess sites such as Chess.com, Lichess, and Internet Chess Club also implement rating systems. In almost all systems, a higher number indicates a stronger player. In general, players' ratings go up if they perform better than expected and down if they perform worse than expected. The magnitude of the change depends on the rating of their opponents. The Elo rating system is currently the most widely used (though it has many variations and improvements). The Elo-like ratings systems have been adopted in many other contexts, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regula Falsi
In mathematics, the ''regula falsi'', method of false position, or false position method is a very old method for solving an equation with one unknown; this method, in modified form, is still in use. In simple terms, the method is the trial and error technique of using test ("false") values for the variable and then adjusting the test value according to the outcome. This is sometimes also referred to as "guess and check". Versions of the method predate the advent of algebra and the use of equations. As an example, consider problem 26 in the Rhind papyrus, which asks for a solution of (written in modern notation) the equation . This is solved by false position. First, guess that to obtain, on the left, . This guess is a good choice since it produces an integer value. However, 4 is not the solution of the original equation, as it gives a value which is three times too small. To compensate, multiply (currently set to 4) by 3 and substitute again to get , verifying that the solution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Chess Federation
The Australian Chess Federation (ACF) is dedicated to promoting the game of chess in Australia, and is a member of FIDE, the World Chess Federation. The ACF administers its own chess rating system for tournaments in Australia, and runs the ACF Grand Prix, a series of chess tournaments run by local organisers. The ACF also produces a monthly email newsletter featuring local and international news, and annotated games. Currently, Gary Wastell is the president of ACF. Member Associations The ACF consists of seven chess association members, from each of the six Australian states plus the Australian Capital Territory. New South Wales Chess Association The New South Wales Chess Association (NSWCA) caters for chess players in New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess
Chess is a board game for two players. It is an abstract strategy game that involves Perfect information, no hidden information and no elements of game of chance, chance. It is played on a square chessboard, board consisting of 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as White and Black in chess, "White" and "Black", each control sixteen Chess piece, pieces: one king (chess), king, one queen (chess), queen, two rook (chess), rooks, two bishop (chess), bishops, two knight (chess), knights, and eight pawn (chess), pawns, with each type of piece having a different pattern of movement. An enemy piece may be captured (removed from the board) by moving one's own piece onto the square it occupies. The object of the game is to "checkmate" (threaten with inescapable capture) the enemy king. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw (chess), draw. The recorded history of chess goes back to at least the emergence of chaturanga—also thought to be an ancesto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichess
Lichess (; ) is a free and open-source software, free and open-source Internet chess server run by a Nonprofit organization, non-profit organization of the same name. Users of the site can play online chess anonymously and optionally register an account to play games to earn a rating on Lichess. Lichess is ad-free and all the features are available for free, as the site is funded by donations from patrons, who receive a special badge as thanks for their support. Features include chess puzzles, computer chess, computer analysis, chess tournament, tournaments and chess variants. History Lichess was founded in 2010 by French programmer Thibault Duplessis. The software running Lichess and the design are mostly Open-source software, open source under the GNU Affero General Public License, AGPL license and other free and non-free licenses. The name ''Lichess'' is a "combination of live/light/libre software, libre and chess". On February 11, 2015, an official Lichess mobile app was r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Splatoon 2
is a 2017 third-person shooter game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch. It was released on July 21, 2017, as a direct sequel to ''Splatoon''. As with the previous installment, ''Splatoon 2'' consists of online multiplayer (player versus player and player versus environment) alongside a single-player campaign, all featuring combat based around ink. An expansion pack for the single-player mode titled '' Octo Expansion'' was subsequently released as downloadable content (DLC) on June 16, 2018. ''Splatoon 2'' received generally positive reviews upon release, with critics praising the game for retaining its predecessor's strengths and innovation, though its online matchmaking and Nintendo Switch Online-restricted voice chat received criticism. , ''Splatoon 2'' had sold over 13.6 million copies worldwide, selling more than twice as many as its predecessor and making it one of the best-selling Switch games. A sequel, ''Splatoon 3'', was released on the Nin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elo Rating System
The Elo rating system is a method for calculating the relative skill levels of players in zero-sum games such as chess or esports. It is named after its creator Arpad Elo, a Hungarian-American chess master and physics professor. The Elo system was invented as an improved Chess rating system, chess-rating system over the previously used Harkness rating system, Harkness system, but is also used as a rating system in association football, association football (soccer), American football, baseball, basketball, pool (cue sports), pool, various board games and esports, and, more recently, Large language model, large language models. The difference in the ratings between two players serves as a predictor of the outcome of a match. Two players with equal ratings who play against each other are expected to score an equal number of wins. A player whose rating is 100 points greater than their opponent's is expected to score 64%; if the difference is 200 points, then the expected score for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guild Wars 2
''Guild Wars 2'' is a free-to-play, massively multiplayer online role-playing game developed by ArenaNet and published by NCSoft. Set in the fantasy world of Tyria, the core game follows the re-emergence of Destiny's Edge, a disbanded guild dedicated to fighting Elder Dragons, colossal Lovecraftian horror, Lovecraftian-esque entities that have seized control of Tyria in the time since the original ''Guild Wars (video game), Guild Wars'' (2005)'','' a plot line that concludes in the third expansion Guild Wars 2: End of Dragons, ''End of Dragons'' (2023). The game takes place in a persistent world with a story that progresses in Instance dungeon, instanced environments. ''Guild Wars 2'' is the fourth major entry in the Guild Wars, ''Guild Wars'' series, and claims to be unique in the MMO genre by featuring a storyline that is responsive to player actions, something which is common in single player role-playing games but rarely seen in multiplayer ones. A dynamic event system replac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dota 2
''Dota 2'' is a 2013 multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game by Valve Corporation, Valve. The game is a sequel to ''Defense of the Ancients'' (''DotA''), a community-created Mod (video gaming), mod for Blizzard Entertainment's ''Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos''. ''Dota 2'' is played in matches between two teams of five players, with each team occupying and defending their own separate base on the map. Each of the ten players independently controls a character known as a hero that has unique Skill (role-playing games), abilities and differing styles of play. During a match, players collect experience points (XP) and Item (gaming), items for their heroes to defeat the opposing team's heroes in player versus player (PvP) combat. A team wins by being the first to destroy the other team's Ancient, a large durable structure located in the center of each base. Development of ''Dota 2'' began in 2009 when IceFrog, lead designer of ''Defense of the Ancients'', was hired by Valv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
