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Giudice Of Arborea
The Kings or Judges of Arborea (from the Latin and the Sardinian , "judges", the title of the Byzantine officials left behind when imperial power receded in the West) were the local rulers of Arborea in the west of Sardinia during the Middle Ages. Theirs was the longest-lasting judgedom, surviving as an independent state until the fifteenth century. House of Lacon Gunale * Gonario I (c. 1015 – c. 1038) * Barisone I (c. 1038 – c. 1060) * Marianus I (c. 1060 – c. 1070) * Orzocorre I (c. 1070 – c. 1100) * Torbeno (c. 1100) * Orzocorre II (c. 1100 – c. 1122) * Comita I House of Lacon Serra * Gonario II *Constantine I (c. 1101 – 1131) * Comita II (1131–1147) * Orzocorre III, co-ruler * Barisone II (1146–1186) * Hugh I (1185–1211), in opposition to Peter until 1192 * Peter I (1185–1214), in opposition to Hugh until 1192 * Peter II (1211–1241), sole ruler from 1217 * Barisone III (1214–1217) House of Bas Serra (Baux Serra) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giudicati Of Sardinia 1
The Judicates (, or in Sardinian language, Sardinian, in Latin language, Latin, or in Italian language, Italian), in English language, English also referred to as Sardinian Kingdoms, Sardinian Judgedoms or Judicatures, were independent states that took power in Sardinia in the Middle Ages, between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries. They were sovereign states with ''summa potestas'', each with a ruler called judge ( in Sardinian), with the powers of a king. Historical causes of the advent of the kingdoms After a relatively brief Vandal Kingdom, Vandal occupation (456–534), Sardinia was a province of the Byzantine Empire from 535 until the eighth century. After 705, with the rapid Spread of Islam, Arab expansion, Saracen pirates from North Africa began to raid the island and encountered no effective opposition by the Byzantine army. In 815, Sardinian ambassadors requested military assistance from the Carolingian Emperor Louis the Pious. In 807, 810–812, and 821–822 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh II Of Arborea
Hugh II was Judge of Arborea, reigning from 1321 until his death in 1336. He was the illegitimate son of Marianus III of Arborea and Paulesa de Serra. Hugh sided with James II of Aragon, who had been invested with the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica by Pope Boniface VIII in 1297. He became vassal of James for Arborea and probably wanted to expand his control over the whole island, as governor on behalf of the Catalan Crown. To this end, he assisted the future Alfonso IV in the conquest of 1323 – 1324, when the Republic of Pisa was expelled from the island. After Alfonso's army disembarked at Palmas, Hugh joined him at the siege of Villa di Chiesa (modern Iglesias). He was present, too, at the fall of Castel di Castro on June 1324. Hugh II died of an unknown illness in 1336. Family Hugh married Benedetta (died circa 1345). They had nine children: * Peter III, his successor * Marianus IV, brother's successor *Bonaventure (died 1375) *Francis (died 1342), canon of Urge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marianus III Of Arborea
Marianus III (died 1321), also Mariano d'Arborea, was the sole Judge of Arborea from at least 1310 to his death. He co-ruled with his elder brother Andreotto from the death of their father, John of Arborea, who left no legitimate heirs when he died sometime between 1304 and 1307. In 1312, he was constrained by the Republic of Pisa to buy his own right of succession from the Emperor Henry VII and to marry Constance of Montalcino by proxy. In 1314, he requested aid from the Crown of Aragon against the Pisans. He restored roads and bridges, complete the walls of Oristano Oristano (; ) is an Italian city and (municipality), the capital of the Province of Oristano in the central-western part of the island of Sardinia. It is located on the northern part of the Campidano plain. It was established as the provincial ... and her defensive towers, and constructed a new archiepiscopal palace. He never did marry Constance, but he did cohabitate with Padulesa de Serra, who gave him ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Of Arborea
Andrew (or ''Andreotto'') (died 3 April 1308) was the Judge of Arborea from 1304. He was the elder of two illegitimate sons of John and Vera Cappai. He co-ruled with his brother Marianus III, but he had the supremacy and the title ''autocrator basileus''. From their mother, the Bas-Serra family which ruled in Arborea became known as the Cappai de Bas. In 1308, Andrew acquired the castles of Serravalle di Bosa, Planargia, and Costaville from the Malaspina. These acquisitions were retained as the private holdings of the family (''peculio''), but were the proceeds from them were used to finance the administration of the demesne A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land subinfeudation, sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. ... (''fisc''). References 1308 deaths Judges (judikes) of Arborea Year of birth unknown ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Arborea
John (died 23 March 1304), nicknamed Chiano, was the Judge of Arborea from 1297 to his death. He was the son and successor of Marianus II and reigned initially under the tutelage of Tosorat Uberti, a Pisan nobleman. Nino Visconti of Gallura having been deposed in 1288, John was the only judge and Arborea the only Judicate left on the island of Sardinia. Shortly after his succession, Pope Boniface VIII proclaimed a ''Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae'': Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. He named James II of Aragon King and paved the way for the invasion of the two islands. John prepared to resist. In 1300, he ceded (or sold) to Pisa the third of Cagliari which he ruled, the silver mines, and, perhaps, part of the judicial demesne. This last – the alienation of public land – released the people to revolt ('' bannus consensus'') and they did so, executing John and cutting out his tongue. He married Giacomina (died 12 February 1329), daughter of Ugolino della Gherardesca, in 1287, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anselm Of Capraia
Anselm of Capraia was a Pisan count. His political activity extended from the Republic of Pisa to Sardinia. Anselm was the son of Berthold, brother of William and Anselm, all three of whom went to the court of Peter II of Arborea to be educated. Anselm's mother was a daughter of Guelfo della Gherardesca, Count of Donoratico, and Uguccionella degli Uppezinghi. Anselm was sent by the Commune of Pisa in 1273 to Gallura to fight against the judge Giovanni Visconti, who had fled from Pisa recently. He defeated him in the hard-to-defend open plain between Trexenta and Gippi. Anselm occupied the Visconti estates, but it is not known if only those in the '' curatoria'' of Gippi or those in the third of Cagliari which Giovanni had acquired as well. However, Giovanni evaded capture and returned to Tuscany on a Sicilian ship. Anselm took over the reins of government in the Giudicato of Arborea after the imprisonment and assassination of his cousin Nicholas by the real judge, Marianu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Of Capraia
Nicholas of Capraia, in Italian Nicolò da Capraia or Nicolò Burgundione di Capraia (died 1274), was the judge (king) of Arborea from 1264 until 1268. Nicholas was the son of William of Capraia and his wife of unknown name, a daughter of a Pisan notable named Ildebrandino Gualandi Cortevecchia. He had an illegitimate brother named Guglielmino. His father named him co-ruler shortly before his own death in 1264. In his father's will, he left all his possessions in Sardinia to Nicholas. William, who in 1241 had sidelined the legitimate heir to Arborea, Marianus II, forced the latter to recognize the succession of Nicholas and to recognize Guglielmino as Nicholas's heir should he died childless. On William's death later in 1264, Nicholas was still a minor and Marianus was recognized as the bailiff (). In June 1265, Marianus on behalf of his charge signed a new agreement with the Republic of Pisa confirming Arborea's vassallage and its Pisan citizenship. In 1266, he acted "on his own ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Of Capraia
William of Capraia (died 1264) was the regent for Marianus II of Arborea from 1241 until his death, being entitled "Judge" from 1250 on. Biography He was the son of Ugo degli Alberti of the Counts of Capraia and Bina, the first wife of Peter I of Arborea, whom he divorced in 1191 and who subsequently remarried (1193). When Peter II of Arborea died in 1241, William immediately assumed the regency with the alliance of the Gherardeschi, counts of Donoratico, and the Visconti. On 29 September 1250, Pope Innocent IV recognised his sovereignty in Arborea, though the Corona de Logu never did. In 1257, William led Arborea, along with Gallura and Logudoro, the Pisan ''giudicati'', into a war against Genoese Cagliari. After fourteen months of war, the deposed judge of Cagliari, Salusio VI, was forced to flee and his ''giudicato'' was divided up between the victors: a third to Gallura, a third to Arborea, and a third to the Gherardeschi of Pisa. Salusio's capital, Santa Igia, was des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marianus II Of Arborea
Marianus II (; ; died 1297) was the Judge of Arborea from 1241 to his death. With skilled military action, he came to control more than half of the island of Sardinia. By his control of the vast central plains and the rich deposits of precious metals, he increased the riches of his Judicate and staved off the general economic decline affecting the rest of Europe at the time. Biography He was the son and successor of Peter II of Arborea of the Bas-Serra family and a local woman named Sardinia. He succeeded to the throne at a young age under the regency of William of Capraia, a distant relative. William was the son of Bina de Lacon, widow of Peter I, and Hugh of Capraia, Count of Prato. William and his brothers Anselm and Berthold were pupils at the court of Peter II, who designated William regent for his son. On William's death in 1264, Marianus did not take the full reins of power, but instead had to recognize the co-dominion of William's son Nicholas. In 1270, he impriso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barisone III Of Arborea
Barisone II Torchitorio IV de Serra (c. 1190 – after 20 April 1217) was the ''Judike'' (Judge) of Arborea and Cagliari. He was a son of Peter I and Bina. His father was Judge of half of Arborea from 1195 to his death in 1214 along with Hugh I. When Hugh died in 1211, Barisone laid claim to his portion of the Judicate, laying claim to the whole on his father's death three years later. He married Benedetta, the heiress of William I of Cagliari, and succeeded him on that throne. William held Peter I imprisoned and in order to legitimise his control over half of Arborea, he married his daughter to Peter's heir in 1214. Torchitorio and Benedetta were related within the prohibited degree, but Pope Innocent III gave them dispensation to marry. They subsequently did homage to the pope on 18 November 1215, probably to avoid domination by the Republic and Archdiocese of Pisa The Archdiocese of Pisa () is a Latin Church metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Pisa, Italy. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter II Of Arborea
Peter II (died 1241) was the Judge of Arborea from 1221 to his death. He was also Peter IV, Viscount of Bas. He was "pious and submissive to the church" and his extensive "donations of privileges and judicial lands impoverished his state of glory."Nowé, 173. Peter's father, Hugh I, of the Bas family, died in 1211 while Peter was still a child. By treaty, Hugh had shared the throne with Peter I from 1195 and Peter was still living when Hugh died. In 1214, Peter I died, as did William I of Cagliari, his supporter. Peter's successor, Torchitorio IV, laid claim to Peter I's title to Arborea and married William's heiress, Benedetta. In 1221, Peter began ruling alone. In 1228, he allied with the Visconti of Gallura, then allied with Pisa. He was consequently attacked by William II of Cagliari and Marianus II of Torres. They desired to maintain a condominium in Arborea, but internal fighting allowed Peter to solidify his authority with little opposition. In 1231, Eldiarda, Peter's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
