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Freight Car
Goods wagons or freight wagons (North America: freight cars), also known as goods carriages, goods trucks, freight carriages or freight trucks, are unpowered railway vehicles that are used for the transportation of cargo. A variety of wagon types are in use to handle different types of goods, but all goods wagons in a regional network typically have standardized couplers and other fittings, such as hoses for air brakes, allowing different wagon types to be assembled into trains. For tracking and identification purposes, goods wagons are generally assigned a unique identifier, typically a UIC wagon number, or in North America, a company reporting mark plus a company specific serial number. Development At the beginning of the railway era, the vast majority of goods wagons were four- wheeled (two wheelset) vehicles of simple construction. These were almost exclusively small covered wagons, open wagons with side-boards, and flat wagons with or without stakes. Over the cours ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITL Hbillns DD Neustadt
ITL can refer to: * International Territorial Level, geographic classification in the United Kingdom. * Imaging Technology Laboratory, part of the University of Arizona's Steward Observatory * '' In the Labyrinth'', a role-playing system built on The Fantasy Trip * Inferential theory of learning * Information Technology Limited, a British computer company of the 1980s (formerly CTL) * Information Technology Laboratory, a NIST laboratory since 2010 * Institute of Technology Law, National Chiao Tung University a law school in Taiwan * Interval Temporal Logic, a temporal logic * Islamic Tools and Libraries, a subproject of Arabeyes software which provides Hijri dates, Muslim prayer times and Qibla * Italian lira, the former currency of Italy that had ISO 4217 code ITL * ''Iterative test-last'', opposite of iterative test-first Test-driven development (TDD) is a way of writing code that involves writing an automated unit-level test case that fails, then writing just enough code to m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goods Trains
A freight train, also called a goods train or cargo train, is a railway train that is used to carry cargo, as opposed to passengers. Freight trains are made up of one or more locomotives which provide propulsion, along with one or more railroad cars (also known as wagons) which carry freight. A wide variety of cargoes are carried on trains, but the low friction inherent to rail transport means that freight trains are especially suited to carrying bulk and heavy loads over longer distances. History The earliest recorded use of rail transport for freight was in Babylon, circa 2200 B.C.E. This use took the form of wagons pulled on wagonways by horses or even humans. Locomotives Freight trains are almost universally powered by locomotives. Historically, steam locomotives were predominant, but beginning in the 1920s diesel and electric locomotives displaced steam due to their greater reliability, cleaner emissions, and lower costs. Freight cars Freight trains carry cargo i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verbandsbauart
The German term ''Verbandsbauart'' describes both a type of goods wagon as well as a type of tram. In order to standardise the goods wagons classes of the various German state railways (''Länderbahnen''), the German State Railway Wagon Association (''Deutscher Staatsbahnwagenverband'' or ''DWV'') issued regulations. The so-called ''Verbandsbauart'' (association) or ''DWV'' wagons, named after this association, were built from 1910 until the emergence of the Austauschbauart (interchangeable) wagons in 1927. Externally, the ''Verbandsbauart'' wagons looked very much like state railway goods wagons, but they were equipped for considerably higher maximum loads of up to 20 tons. A total of 11 classes were defined by German state railway norms, norms defined by master engineering drawings (''Musterblättern'').Literally "design sheets"; hence the specific wagon designs are referred to here as "Sheet X" The wagons were built in numbers that today are hardly conceivable. The most importa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German State Railway Wagon Association
The German State Railway Wagon Association () or DWV was an association of the German state railways ''Länderbahnen'' founded in 1909. The purpose of the association was to guarantee the unrestricted exchange of goods wagons between the member railway administrations. The German State Railway Wagon Association could, unlike the ''Prussian State Railway Wagon Association'', stipulate standard wagon designs for the whole of Germany. It developed a total of eleven different wagon types, the '' Verbandsbauart'' (literally: association type) or ''DWV'' wagons. In addition to entire goods wagons, types of bogie were also specified. End With the founding of the Deutsche Reichsbahn on 1 April 1920 the DWV closed its operations. Preußische und Hessische Eisenbahndirektion in Mainz (publ.): ''Amtsblatt der Preußischen und Hessischen Eisenbahndirektion in Mainz'' dated 26 June 1920, No. 39. Bekanntmachung No. 577, p. 329. References See also * History of rail transport in Germany ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German State Railway Norms
In German railway engineering, norms (''Normalien'') are standards for the design and production of railway vehicles. In the 1880s and 1890s, Prussian norms were developed for the locomotives, tenders and wagons of the Prussian state railways under the direction of the railway director responsible for railway engineering, Moritz Stambke. Later, these were largely adopted by the other state railways (''Länderbahnen'') in Germany. Engineering drawings These norms are defined by engineering drawings to 1:40 scale on individual sheets and show the locomotives and wagons as full design drawings, referred to by their sheet (''Musterblatt'') numbers. The first drawings date from 1878. In 1885 the Minister for Public Works tasked the Hütte Academic Institute with the publication of the norms. The drawings were regularly updated as technical developments occurred. The last Prussian drawings were issued in 1923. Goods wagons The design drawings for goods wagons were of special importan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of German Railway Administrations
Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Union'' (Union album), 1998 * ''Union'' (Chara album), 2007 * ''Union'' (Toni Childs album), 1988 * ''Union'' (Cuff the Duke album), 2012 * ''Union'' (Paradoxical Frog album), 2011 * ''Union'', a 2001 album by Puya * ''Union'', a 2001 album by Rasa * ''Union'' (Son Volt album), 2019 * ''Union'' (The Boxer Rebellion album), 2009 * ''Union'' (Yes album), 1991 * "Union" (Black Eyed Peas song), 2005 Other uses in arts and entertainment * ''Union'' (film), a labor documentary released in 2024 * ''Union'' (Star Wars), a Dark Horse comics limited series * Union, in the fictional Alliance–Union universe of C. J. Cherryh * ''Union (Horse with Two Discs)'', a bronze sculpture by Christopher Le Brun, 1999–2000 * The Union (Marvel Team), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Länderbahnen
The ''Länderbahnen'' (, ; sing. ) were the various state railways of the German Confederation and the German Empire in the period from about 1840 to 1920, when they were merged into the Deutsche Reichsbahn after the First World War. The state railways Railways merged into the Deutsche Reichsbahn The seven state railways forming the merger were the: *Prussian state railways (''Preußische Staatseisenbahnen'' or ''P.St.E.'') *Royal Bavarian State Railways (''Königlich Bayerische Staatseisenbahn'' or ''K.Bay.Sts.B.'') * Royal Saxon State Railways (''Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen'' or ''K.Sächs.Sts.E.B.'') *Royal Württemberg State Railways (''Königlich Württembergische Staatseisenbahn'' or ''K.W.St.E.'') * Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways (''Großherzoglich Badische Staatseisenbahn'' or ''G.Bad.St.E.''), 1840–1920 * Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway (''Großherzoglich Mecklenburgische Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn'' or ''M.F.F.E.'') * Grand Duchy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Train Control System
The European Train Control System (ETCS) is a train protection system designed to replace the many incompatible systems used by European railways, and railways outside of Europe. ETCS is the signalling and control component of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS). ETCS consists of 2 major parts: #trackside equipment #on-board (on train) equipment ETCS can allow all trackside information to be passed to the driver cab, removing the need for trackside signals. This is the foundation for future automatic train operation (ATO). Trackside equipment aims to exchange information with the vehicle for safely supervising train circulation. The information exchanged between track and trains can be either continuous or intermittent according to the ERTMS/ETCS level of application and to the nature of the information itself. The need for a system like ETCS stems from more and longer running trains resulting from economic integration of the European Union (EU) and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linienzugbeeinflussung
Linienzugbeeinflussung (or LZB) is a cab signalling and train protection system used on selected Deutsche Bundesbahn, German and Austrian Federal Railways, Austrian railway lines as well as on the AVE and some commuter rail lines in Rail transport in Spain, Spain. The system was mandatory where trains were allowed to exceed speeds of in Germany and in Spain. It is also used on some slower railway and urban rapid transit lines to increase capacity. The German (language), German Linienzugbeeinflussung translates to ''continuous train control'', literally: ''linear train influencing''. It is also called ''linienförmige Zugbeeinflussung''. LZB is deprecated and will be replaced with European Train Control System (ETCS) between 2023 and 2030. It is referenced by European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) as a Class B ''train protection system'' in ''National Train Control'' (NTC). Driving cars mostly have to replace classical control logic to ETCS ''Onboard Units'' (OBU) with common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Bahn AG
(, ; abbreviated as DB or DB AG ) is the national railway company of Germany, and a state-owned enterprise under the control of the German government. Headquartered in the Bahntower in Berlin, it is a joint-stock company ( AG). DB was founded after the merger between Deutsche Bundesbahn and the East German Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1994 after the unification of Germany and has been operating ever since. is the second-largest transport company in Germany, after the German postal and logistics company / DHL. DB provides both long-distance and regional transport, serving around 132 million long distance passengers and 1.6 billion regional passengers in 2022. In 2022, DB transported 222 million tons of cargo. Company profile The group is divided into several companies, including '' DB Fernverkehr'' (long-distance passenger), '' DB Regio'' (local passenger services) and '' DB Cargo'' (rail freight). The Group subsidiary '' DB InfraGO'' also operates large parts of the German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transponder
In telecommunications, a transponder is a device that, upon receiving a signal, emits a different signal in response. The term is a blend of ''transmitter'' and ''responder''. In air navigation or radio frequency identification, a flight transponder is an automated transceiver in an aircraft that emits a coded identifying signal in response to an interrogating received signal. In a communications satellite, a satellite transponder receives signals over a range of uplink frequencies, usually from a satellite ground station; the transponder amplifies them, and re-transmits them on a different set of downlink frequencies to receivers on Earth, often without changing the content of the received signal or signals. Satellite/broadcast communications A communications satellite’s channels are called transponders because each is a separate transceiver or repeater. With digital video data compression and multiplexing, several video and audio channels may travel through a single tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
