Freeze Casting
Freeze-casting, also frequently referred to as ''ice-templating'', ''freeze casting'', or ''freeze alignment'', is a technique that exploits the highly anisotropy, anisotropic solidification behavior of a solvent (generally water) in a well-dispersed solution or slurry to controllably template directionally porous ceramics, polymers, metals and their hybrids. By subjecting an aqueous solution or slurry to a directional temperature gradient, ice crystals will nucleate on one side and grow along the temperature gradient. The ice crystals will redistribute the dissolved substance and the suspended particles as they grow within the solution or slurry, effectively templating the ingredients that are distributed in the solution or slurry. Once solidification has ended, the frozen, templated composite is placed into a freeze-dryer to remove the ice crystals. The resulting green body contains anisotropic macropores in a replica of the sublimated ice crystals and structures from microporo ...
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