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Fourth Inauguration Of Ferdinand Marcos
The fourth inauguration of Ferdinand Marcos as the tenth president of the Philippines took place on Tuesday, February 25, 1986, at Malacañang Palace in Manila. The inauguration marked the commencement of the fourth and final term of Ferdinand Marcos as president. Marcos eventually stepped down as president a few hours later while the 3-day mass demonstrations were taking place. Background In November 1985, Ferdinand Marcos, who had been the president of the Philippines for almost 2 decades, announced a snap presidential election that took place on February 7, 1986, amidst the growing political tensions in the country that had followed the assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr., a prominent opposition leader and former senator, more than two years before. Marcos would run again for re-election with Arturo Tolentino as his running-mate. His main opponent was Corazon Aquino, the widow of former senator Aquino. In the official canvassing by the Commission on Elections, Marcos was p ...
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President Of The Philippines
The president of the Philippines (, sometimes referred to as ) is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. The president is Direct election, directly elected by the Filipinos, citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the vice president of the Philippines. However, four vice presidents have assumed the presidency without having been elected to the office, by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. Filipinos generally refer to their president as ''pangulo'' or ''presidente'' in their local language. The president is limited to a single six-year term. According to Article 7 Section 4 of the Philippine 1987 Constitution, the president "shall not be eligible for any reelection" and that, "no person who has succeeded as pres ...
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Arturo Tolentino
Arturo "Ka Turing" Modesto Tolentino (September 19, 1910 – August 2, 2004) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and diplomat who served as the Senate president and the Secretary of Foreign Affairs. He was the vice-presidential running mate of Ferdinand Marcos in the 1986 Philippine election, which led to the ouster of Marcos in the People Power Revolution. Tolentino helped write the Civil Code of the Philippines from 1948 to 1949 and authored the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act of 1960. Early career Arturo Modesto Tolentino was born in Manila. At UP Manila, he obtained an Associate in Arts as well as the Bachelor of Philosophy. He won a gold medal award as valedictorian at UP in 1938, and was valedictorian of the UP College of Law (1934). He later continued his studies and received the degrees of Master of Law and Doctor of Civil Law from the University of Santo Tomas. He was also a short story writer for the Philippines Free Press, and was a wrestler and bodybuild ...
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Philippine Presidential Inaugurations
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of 7,641 islands, with a total area of roughly 300,000 square kilometers, which are broadly categorized in three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. With a population of over 110 million, it is the world's twelfth-most-populous country. The Philippines is bounded by the South China Sea to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the south. It shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Japan to the northeast, Palau to the east and southeast, Indonesia to the south, Malaysia to the southwest, Vietnam to the west, and China to the northwest. It has diverse ethnicities and a rich culture. Manila is the country's capital, and its most populated city is Quezon City. Both are within Metro Manila. Negritos, the archipelago's earliest inhabitants, w ...
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Presidency Of Ferdinand Marcos
A presidency is an administration or the executive, the collective administrative and governmental entity that exists around an office of president of a state or nation. Although often the executive branch of government, and often personified by a single elected person who holds the office of "president", in practice, the presidency includes a much larger collective of people, such as chiefs of staff, advisers and other bureaucrats. Although often led by a single person, presidencies can also be of a collective nature, such as the presidency of the European Union is held on a rotating basis by the various national governments of the member states. Alternatively, the term presidency can also be applied to the governing authority of some churches, and may even refer to the holder of a non-governmental office of president in a corporation, business, charity, university, etc. or the institutional arrangement around them. For example, "the presidency of the Red Cross refused to support ...
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Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation
Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation (IBC) is a Philippine free-to-air television and radio network based in Quezon City. It is a state broadcaster owned by the Government Communications Group under the Presidential Communications Office (PCO). IBC was also commonly referred to as "The Kaibigan Network", the Filipino term for "friend", which was introduced between 2019 and 2023 until it was later dropped in 2023 in favor of using the government slogan " Bagong Pilipinas", which is shared with PTV. IBC, along with government-owned media companies People's Television Network and the Presidential Broadcast Service-Bureau of Broadcast Services, form the media arm of the PCO and it is designated as a secondary state broadcaster that primarily broadcasts education, culture, arts and sports programming. Its studios, offices and broadcast facilities are located at the IBC Compound, Lot 3-B, Capitol Hills Drive cor. Zuzuarregui Street, Barangay Matandang Balara, Diliman, Qu ...
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Radio Philippines Network
Radio Philippines Network, Inc. (RPN) is a Philippine Media of the Philippines, television and radio company based in Quezon City. It is currently owned through majority share by Nine Media Corporation of the ALC Group of Companies; along with the Presidential Communications Group, Presidential Communications Office (PCO), Far East Managers and Investors Inc. (owned by the family of Roberto Benedicto), and other private sectors. The network's main offices and flagship transmitter is located at Panay Avenue, Brgy. South Triangle also in Quezon City. Founded by James Lindenberg, and prior to its privatization, it was the sister network of current government owned and controlled Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation; both networks were sequestered after the 1986 People Power Revolution, and formerly an attached agency of the now-PCO, which retained 20% of RPN's non-controlling shares following privatization. Radio Philippines Network operates television stations with airtime ...
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Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation
The Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) was a Philippine television network that began operations on November 4, 1973, and ceased transmission on September 7, 1986. The network was well-remembered for its theme song, "Big Beautiful Country", composed by José Mari Chan and sung by Chan with Basil Valdez, Tillie Moreno, Alice Bell and Nonong Pedero. History Following the declaration of Martial Law in September 1972, ABS-CBN Corporation's frequencies and facilities were seized by the government. In June 1973, Roberto Benedicto, a crony of then-President Ferdinand Marcos and owner of the Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS), took over the ABS-CBN frequencies and facilities in Quezon City. Banahaw Broadcasting Corporation was established to take over DZAQ-TV 2. Upon commencement of operations, the callsign DZAQ-TV 2 was changed to DWWX-TV 2 (BBC-2), complementing its new sister radio stations DWWK 101.9 FM and DWWA 1160 AM. DZXL-TV 4 was appropriated to the Philippine g ...
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Fidel Ramos
Fidel Valdez Ramos (; March 18, 1928 – July 31, 2022), popularly known as FVR, was a Filipino general and politician who served as the 12th president of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. He was the only career military officer to reached the rank of five-star general. Rising from second lieutenant to commander-in-chief of the armed forces, Ramos is credited for revitalizing and renewing international confidence in the Philippine economy during his six years in office. Ramos rose through the ranks in the Philippine military early in his career and became Chief of the Philippine Constabulary and Vice Chief-of-Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines during the term of President Ferdinand Marcos. During the People Power Revolution, 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution, Ramos was hailed as a hero by many Filipinos for his decision to break away from the administration of Marcos, and pledge allegiance and loyalty to the newly established government of President Corazon C. Aqui ...
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Juan Ponce Enrile
Juan Valentin Furagganan Ponce Enrile Sr., (born Juan Valentin Furagganan; February 14, 1924), also referred to by his initials JPE, is a Filipino politician and lawyer who served as 21st President of the Senate of the Philippines from 2008 to 2013 and known for his role in the administration of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his role in the failed coup that helped hasten the 1986 People Power Revolution and the ouster of Marcos; and his tenure in the Philippine legislature in the years after the revolution. Enrile has served four terms in the Senate, in a total of twenty-two years, one of the longest-tenures in the history of the upper chamber. In 2022, at the age of 98, he returned to government office as the Chief Presidential Legal Counsel in the administration of President Bongbong Marcos. Enrile was a protégé of President Ferdinand Marcos who served as Justice Secretary and Defense Minister during the Marcos administration. Enrile played a key role in the ...
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Secretary Of National Defense (Philippines)
The secretary of national defense () is the head of the Department of National Defense (Philippines), Department of National Defense of the Philippines and a member of the President of the Philippines, president's Cabinet of the Philippines, Cabinet. The current secretary is former House of Representatives of the Philippines, Philippine House representative of the Tarlac's 1st congressional district Gilbert Teodoro. He assumed office on June 5, 2023 and has previously served the same position from August 2007 to November 2009. Historically this cabinet position has been a stepping stone to the Philippine presidency. Two previous secretaries of national defense were elected president: Ramon Magsaysay and Fidel V. Ramos, Fidel Ramos. Several others ran for the presidency: Alejo Santos, Juan Ponce Enrile, Renato de Villa, Norberto Gonzales and Gilbert Teodoro. Powers and functions The 1987 Executive Order No. 292 gives the national defense secretary executive supervision of th ...
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Batasang Pambansa (legislature)
The Batasang Pambansa ('National Assembly', ), often referred to simply as the Batasan, was the legislature of the Philippines, established as an interim assembly in 1978 and later as an official body in 1984. It was the fourth unicameral legislature in Philippine history. Members of the Batasang Pambansa were referred to as Mambabatas Pambansa ('Member of Parliament', ), shortened to MP. The Batasan was instituted under the 1973 Constitution promulgated by then-President Ferdinand Marcos, replacing the earlier Congress of the Philippines established by the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution. It was abolished immediately after the People Power Revolution in 1986, and Congress was restored with the passage of the 1987 Constitution. History The original provisions of the 1973 Constitution, which was ratified on January 17, 1973, provided for the establishment of a unicameral National Assembly. Upon its ratification, an interim National Assembly composed of the president and t ...
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National Movement For Free Elections
The National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections or NAMFREL is an election watchdog in the Philippines. It was the first and one of the most famous election watch campaigns. It is known to have introduced non-partisan national election monitoring to the Philippines after exposing the issues involved with the 1986 snap elections. NAMFREL was co-founded by Jose S. Concepcion Jr., and was its first National Chairperson. NAMFREL was formally organized in October 1983 as an offshoot of the New Voters Registration Committee, which was formed in the 1960s. It currently has the support of more than 140 benefactors and 125 organizations. Its current national chairperson is Augusto C. Lagman. NAMFREL's goal is to ensure "free, orderly and honest elections" in the Philippines. It is a non-partisan organization with over 250,000 member-volunteers from different religious, civic, business, professional, labor, youth, educational, and non-government organizations. The Commission on Electio ...
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