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Flatfish
A flatfish is a member of the Ray-finned fish, ray-finned demersal fish Order (biology), suborder Pleuronectoidei, also called the Heterosomata. In many species, both eyes lie on one side of the head, one or the other migrating through or around the head during development. Some species face their left sides upward, some face their right sides upward, and others face either side upward. The most primitive members of the group, the Threadfin, threadfins, do not resemble the flatfish but are their closest relatives. Many important food fish are in this order, including the flounders, sole (fish), soles, turbot, plaice, and halibut. Some flatfish can camouflage themselves on the ocean floor. Taxonomy Due to their highly distinctive morphology, flatfishes were previously treated as belonging to their own order, Pleuronectiformes. However, more recent taxonomic studies have found them to group within a diverse group of nektonic marine fishes known as the Carangiformes, which also inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scophthalmidae
The Scophthalmidae are a family (biology), family of flatfish found in the North Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Black Sea. Fish of this family are known commonly as turbots, though this name can refer specifically to ''Scophthalmus maximus'', as well. Some common names found in species of this family are turbots, windowpanes, and brills. cladistics, Cladistic analysis reveals that this family is a monophyly, monophyletic group. Of all the scophthalmids, the largest species (''Turbot, Scophthalmus maximus'') reaches approximately one meter in length. Some species in the family have been historically Commercial fishing, fished commercially (predominantly the brill flatfish and the turbot flatfish, Brill (fish), ''S.rhombus'' and Turbot, ''S. maximus'' respectively). Taxonomy The ''Scophthalmidae'' family is composed of two main clades, four genera, and eight species. The four genera are ''Zeugopterus'', ''Lepidorhombus'', ''Phrynorhombus'', and ''Scophthalmus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samaridae
Samaridae (''crested flounders'') is a family of crested flounders, small flatfishes native to the Indo-Pacific. The family contains four genera with a total of 29 species. Taxonomy Samaridae is one of eight families a part of the SuperFamily Soleioidea. This SuperFamily is of the suborder Pleuronectoidei within the order Pleuronectiformes. Samaridae were formerly classified as a subfamily of Pleuronectidae. Anatomy and morphology Young flat fish are bilaterally symmetrical until they reach between 5 and 120mm in length when one eye shifts from the lower side to the upper side until it is adjacent to the other eye. Adult flat fish swim and lie on the side without eyes. Adult Samaridae are not bilaterally symmetrical but do have symmetrical pelvic fins. They have a highly compressed body with eyes that bulge above the body surface which allows them to see out while buried beneath a surface. Samaridae have countershaded coloring with a darker pigment on the top of the fish a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demersal Fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone).Walrond Carl . "Coastal fish - Fish of the open sea floor"Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Updated 2 March 2009 They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters, they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters, they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word ''demersal'' comes from the Latin ''demergere'', which means ''to sink''. Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish, which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column. Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four per cent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carangiformes
Carangiformes is a large, diverse order of ray-finned fishes within the clade Percomorpha. It is part of a sister clade to the Ovalentaria, alongside its sister group, the Anabantaria (including Anabantiformes and Synbranchiformes). The Carangiformes have been long regarded as a monotypic order with only the family Carangidae within it by some authorities, and the other current families within the order have been previously classified as part of the wider order Perciformes. The 5th edition of '' Fishes of the World'' classify six families within Carangiformes, with more recent authorities expanding the order to include up to 30 families, based on phylogenetic evidence. The earliest known carangiforms are two fossil species of '' Mene'', '' Mene purydi'' from Peru and '' Mene phosphatica'' from Tunisia, both of which are known from the Late Paleocene. Taxonomy This order has often been either subsumed within Perciformes or used exclusively to refer to families classified ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plaice
Plaice is a common name for a group of flatfish that comprises four species: the European, American, Alaskan and scale-eye plaice. Commercially, the most important plaice is the European. The principal commercial flatfish in Europe, it is also widely fished recreationally, has potential as an aquaculture species, and is kept as an aquarium fish. The American plaice is also commercially important. The term ''plaice'' (plural ''plaice'') comes from the 14th-century Anglo-French ''plais''. This in turn comes from the late Latin ''platessa'', meaning flatfish, which originated from the Ancient Greek ''platys'', meaning broad. Plaice species European plaice The European plaice (''Pleuronectes platessa'') is a right-eyed flounder belonging to the family Pleuronectidae. It is a commercially important flatfish that lives on the sandy bottoms of the European shelf. It ranges geographically from the Barents Sea to the Mediterranean. European plaice are characterised by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turbot
The turbot ( ) ''Scophthalmus maximus'' is a relatively large species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important food fish. Turbot in the Black Sea were often included in this species, but are now generally regarded as separate – the Black Sea turbot or kalkan (''S. maeoticus''). True turbot are not found in the Northwest Atlantic; the "turbot" of that region, which was involved in the so-called " Turbot War" between Canada and Spain, is the Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (''Reinhardtius hippoglossoides''). Etymology The word comes from the Old French , which may be a derivative of the Latin">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... , which may be a derivative of the Latin ('spinning top'), a possible reference to its shape. Another ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Food Fish
Many species of fish are caught by humans and consumed as food in virtually all regions around the world. Their meat has been an important dietary source of protein and other nutrients in the human diet. The English language does not have a special culinary name for food prepared from fish like with other animals (as with '' pig'' vs. ''pork''), or as in other languages (such as Spanish '' pez'' vs. '' pescado''). In culinary and fishery contexts, ''fish'' may include so-called shellfish such as molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms; but, more expansively, ''seafood'' covers both fish and other marine life used as food. Since 1961, the average annual increase in global apparent food fish consumption (3.2 percent) has outpaced population growth (1.6 percent) and exceeded the increase in consumption of meat from all terrestrial animals except poultry (4.9 percent), both combined (2.8 percent) and individually (bovine, ovine, porcine, et cetera). In ''per capita'' terms, food f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray-finned Fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class of bony fish that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. They are so called because of their lightly built fins made of webbings of skin supported by radially extended thin bony spines called '' lepidotrichia'', as opposed to the bulkier, fleshy lobed fins of the sister clade Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish). Resembling folding fans, the actinopterygian fins can easily change shape and wetted area, providing superior thrust-to-weight ratios per movement compared to sarcopterygian and chondrichthyian fins. The fin rays attach directly to the proximal or basal skeletal elements, the radials, which represent the articulation between these fins and the internal skeleton (e.g., pelvic and pectoral girdles). The vast majority of actinopterygians are teleosts. By species count, they dominate the subphylum Vertebrata, and constitute nearly 99% of the over 30,000 extant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleuronectes Platessa
The European plaice (''Pleuronectes platessa''), commonly referred to as simply plaice, is a species of marine flatfish in the genus Pleuronectes of the family Pleuronectidae. Description The European plaice is characterized, on their dorsal side, by their dark green to dark brown skin, blotched with conspicuous, but irregularly distributed, orange spots. The ventral side is pearly white. The skin is smooth with small scales. They are able to adapt their colour somewhat to match that of their surroundings, but the orange spots always remain visible. The skin lacks any prickles. The outline of adults is oval. The head is rather small and is less than 25% of the total length. The pointed mouth is terminal and fairly small with its maxilla reaching just below the right eye. Both eyes are located at the right side of the body. The bony ridge behind the eyes is another characteristic for this species. The lateral line curves slightly above the pectoral fin. The dorsal fin reaches t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soleidae
The true soles are a family, Soleidae, of flatfishes. It includes saltwater and brackish water species in the East Atlantic, Indian Ocean, West and Central Pacific Ocean, and the mediterranean sea. Freshwater species are found in Africa, southern Asia, New Guinea, and Australia. In the past, soles of the Americas (both fresh and salt water) were included in this family, but they have been separated to their own family, the American soles (Achiridae). The only true sole remaining in that region is '' Aseraggodes herrei'' of the Galápagos and Cocos Island. The true soles are bottom-dwelling fishes feeding on small crustaceans and other invertebrates. The family contains 30 genera and a total of about 180 species. Soles begin life as bilaterally symmetric larvae, with an eye on each side of the head, but during development, the left eye moves around onto the right side of the head. Adult soles lie on their left (blind) sides on the sea floor, often covered in mud, which in com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achiridae
The American soles are a family (biology), family (Achiridae) of flatfish occurring in both freshwater and Marine (ocean), marine environments of the Americas. The family includes about 35 species in seven genera. These are closely related to the Soleidae, soles (Soleidae), and have been classified as a subfamily of it, but achirids have a number of distinct characteristics. Eyes are on the right side, and the eyed-side lower lip has a distinctive fleshy rim. The dorsal fin, dorsal and anal fins are usually separate from the caudal fin. The pectoral fins are small or nonexistent. They are fairly small; only ''Achirus achirus'' is known to surpass in length. See also *List of fish common names *List of fish families References {{Taxonbar, from=Q469290 American soles, Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psettodidae
The spiny turbots are a family, Psettodidae, of relatively large, primitive flatfish found in the tropical waters of the east Atlantic and Indo-Pacific. The family contains just three species, all in the same genus, ''Psettodes''. The common name comes from the presence of spines in the dorsal and anal fins, which may indicate an evolutionary relationship with the Perciformes. They are less asymmetrical than other flatfish, although the region around the eyes is twisted. They reach lengths of . Species The currently recognized species in this genus are: * '' Psettodes belcheri'' E. T. Bennett, 1831 (spottail spiny turbot) * '' Psettodes bennetti'' Steindachner, 1870 (spiny turbot) * '' Psettodes erumei'' (Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include: A *Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881–1925), Austrian entrepreneur *Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter *Alexandre Bloch (1857–1919), French painter *Alfred Bloch ( ... & J. G. Schne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
