Flat-footing
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Flat-footing
Clogging, buck dancing, or flatfoot dancing is a type of folk dance practiced in the United States, in which the dancer's footwear is used percussively by striking the heel, the toe, or both against a floor or each other to create audible rhythms, usually to the downbeat with the heel keeping the rhythm. Clogging can be found at various Old-Time and Bluegrass Music festivals. Clogging is the official state dance of Kentucky and North Carolina. Antecedents In the United States, team clogging originated from square dance teams in Asheville, North Carolina's Mountain Dance and Folk Festival (1928), organized by Bascom Lamar Lunsford in the Appalachian region. The Soco Gap Dancers performed at the White House in 1939, which caused an uptick in the popularity of team clogging. American Clogging is associated with the predecessor to bluegrass— "old-time" music, which is based on English, and Irish fiddle tunes as well as African American banjo tunes. Clogging primarily develop ...
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Folk Dance
A folk dance is a dance that reflects the life of the people of a certain country or region. Not all ethnic dances are folk dances. For example, Ritual, ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are not considered to be folk dances. Ritual dances are usually called "religious dances" because of their purpose. The terms "ethnic" and "traditional" are used when it is required to emphasize the cultural roots of the dance. In this sense, nearly all folk dances are ethnic ones. If some dances, such as polka, cross ethnic boundaries and even cross the boundary between "folk" and "ballroom dance", ethnic differences are often considerable enough to mention. Background Folk dances share some or all of the following attributes: *Dances are usually held at folk dance gatherings or social functions by people with little or no professional training, often to traditional music. *Dances not generally designed for public performance or the stage, though they may later be arranged and set for ...
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Buccaneer
Buccaneers were a kind of privateer or free sailors, and pirates particular to the Caribbean Sea during the 17th and 18th centuries. First established on northern Hispaniola as early as 1625, their heyday was from the Restoration in 1660 until about 1688, during a time when governments in the Caribbean area were not strong enough to suppress them. Martinique was a home port for French buccaneers as well as pirates like Captain Crapeau. Originally the name applied to the landless hunters of wild boars and cattle in the largely uninhabited areas of Tortuga and Hispaniola. The meat they caught was smoked over a slow fire in little huts the French called ''boucans'' to make ''viande boucanée'' – ''jerked meat'' or '' jerky'' – which they sold to the corsairs who preyed on the (largely Spanish) shipping and settlements of the Caribbean. Eventually the term was applied to the corsairs and (later) privateers themselves, also known as the Brethren of the Coast. Although c ...
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Uses Of Shoes
Use may refer to: * Use (law), an obligation on a person to whom property has been conveyed * Use (liturgy), subset of a Christian liturgical ritual family used by a particular group or diocese * Use–mention distinction, the distinction between using a word and mentioning it * Consumption (economics) ** Resource depletion, use to the point of lack of supply ** Psychological manipulation, in a form that treats a person is as a means to an end * Rental utilization, quantification of the use of assets to be continuously let See also * Use case, in software and systems engineering * User story, in software development and product management * USE (other) * Used (other) * User (other) Ancient Egyptian roles * User (ancient Egyptian official), an ancient Egyptian nomarch (governor) of the Eighth Dynasty * Useramen, an ancient Egyptian vizier also called "User" Other uses * User (computing), a person (or software) using an ...
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Tap Dance
Tap dance (or tap) is a form of dance that uses the sounds of tap shoes striking the floor as a form of percussion; it is often accompanied by music. Tap dancing can also be performed with no musical accompaniment; the sound of the taps is its own music. It is an American artform that evolved alongside the advent of jazz music. Tap is a type of step dance that began with the combination of Southern American and Irish dance traditions, such as Irish soft-shoe and hard-shoe step dances, and a variety of both slave and freeman step dances. The fusion of African rhythms and performance styles with European techniques of footwork led to the creation of tap dance. This fusion began in the mid-17th century but did not become popular until the mid-19th century. There are two major versions of tap dance: rhythm (jazz) tap and Broadway tap. Broadway tap focuses on dance; it is widely performed in musical theater. Rhythm tap focuses on musicality, and practitioners consider themselve ...
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Mercer University
Mercer University is a Private university, private Research university, research university in Macon, Georgia, United States. Founded in 1833 as Mercer Institute and gaining university status in 1837, it is the oldest private university in the state and enrolls more than 9,000 students in 12 colleges and schools. Mercer is a member of the Georgia Research Alliance. It is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified as a "R2: Doctoral Universities — High research activity". Mercer has four major campuses: the historic (main) campus in Macon, Georgia, Macon, a graduate and professional campus in Atlanta, Georgia, Atlanta, and four-year campuses of the Mercer University School of Medicine, School of Medicine in Savannah, Georgia, Savannah and Columbus, Georgia, Columbus. Mercer also has regional academic centers in Henry County, Georgia, Henry County and Douglas County, Georgia, Douglas County; the Walter F. George School of Law, Mercer University Schoo ...
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Step Dance
Step dance is a generic term for dance styles in which footwork is considered to be the most important part of the dance and limb movements and styling are either restricted or considered irrelevant. Step-dancing is a percussive form of dance that employs hard-soled shoes and is synchronized with music played at a specified tempo using instruments like pipes, whistles, fiddles, or puirt-a-beul (mouth music). It entails producing rhythmic beats through intricate and diverse footwork, involving striking heels, toes, and feet, all the while ensuring impeccable timing with the musical rhythms found in strathspey, reel, and jig compositions. The terminology used in percussive dance styles reflects a wide range of naming conventions, highlighting both shared features and unique distinctions. The umbrella term "percussive dance" encompasses dance forms where the foot serves as an intentional source of rhythmic sound, akin to a percussion instrument. The specific footwear associate ...
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Limberjack
Jig dolls are traditional wooden or tin-plate toys for adults or children. They are dolls with loose limbs that step dance or 'jig' on the end of a vibrating board or platform in imitation of a real step dancer. In London they were frequently operated by street entertainers or buskers. In England old soldiers from the Great War sometimes busked with them to supplement their meagre war pensions. Typically the dolls are between tall and are jointed at arms, hips and knees; some also have ankle joints. Today, jig dolls of one kind or another can be seen in the United States, Canada, the UK, Ireland, Europe, parts of Asia, and Australia. Alternative names In the UK and Australia, a jig doll usually goes by that name, or any of the following: dancing doll; busker's puppet; clogger; jigger; Mr. Jollyboy or Mrs. Jollyboy (a commercial version made by Dover Toys, UK), etc. A Mr Jollyboy is in the collection of the Norwich Museum. In the US, a jig doll would be called a limberjack or ...
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Ira Bernstein
Ira Bernstein (born 1959 in Malverne, New York) is a dancer and teacher in the United States who specializes in traditional American dance forms such as Appalachian-style clogging, flatfoot dancing, tap dance, and step dancing. He is considered an authority on clogging, and the leading figure in this dance style. He calls himself a "percussive step dancer who specializes in Appalachian flatfooting," and also dances Green Grass style Appalachian clogging, English clogging, French-Canadian step dancing, Irish step dancing, and South African gumboot dancing. Background and career Bernstein was born and brought up in Malverne, New York, a suburb of New York City. Three of his four grandparents were of Russian and Polish Ashkenazic descent, and immigrated to the United States through Ellis Island around 1900. The fourth, his maternal grandfather, was born in Harlem, New York and was of German descent. He attended the University of Pennsylvania from 1977 to 1981. It was there, ...
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Clog Dancing
Clog dancing is a form of step dance characterised by the wearing of inflexible, Clog (British), wooden soled clogs. Clog dancing developed into differing intricate forms both in Wales and also in the North of England. Welsh clog dancing mainly originates from various slate mines where workers would compete against each other during work breaks. Northern English traditional clog dancing originates from Lancashire, Yorkshire, County Durham, Northumberland and the Lake District. Welsh and English clogs, with leather uppers and a sole cut from alder or sycamore were the regular, everyday footwear for working people all over Britain until the 1920s. Dancing clogs are close fitting which allows the dancer more control over the movements of their feet. English clogs with an iron or rubber protective layer on the sole are also worn for Morris dance#North West, North West morris. The main focus of a step dancer is in the footwork: dancers can create many different types of sound using ...
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Buckdancer's Choice
''Buckdancer's Choice'' (1965) is a collection of poems by James Dickey. It won the U.S. National Book Award for Poetry"National Book Awards – 1966"
. Retrieved 2012-02-26. (With essay by Patrick Rosal from the Award's 60-year anniversary blog.)
in 1966 and the Melville Cane Award from the . The opening poem, "The Firebombing," relates a

Minstrel Show
The minstrel show, also called minstrelsy, was an American form of theater developed in the early 19th century. The shows were performed by mostly white actors wearing blackface makeup for the purpose of portraying racial stereotypes of African Americans. There were very few African-American performers and black-only minstrel groups that also formed and toured. Minstrel shows stereotyped blacks as dimwitted, lazy, buffoonish, cowardly, superstitious, and happy-go-lucky.The Coon Character
, Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, Ferris State University. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
John Kenrick

, musicals101.com. 1996, revised 2003. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
A recurring character was Jim Crow, an exaggerated portray ...
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