Finnish Council Of State
The Finnish Government (; ; ) is the executive branch and cabinet of Finland, which directs the politics of Finland and is the main source of legislation proposed to the Parliament. The Government has collective ministerial responsibility and represents Finland in the Council of the European Union. In the incumbent Orpo Cabinet, the Government comprises 19 ministers leading 12 ministries. Majority coalition governments have become the foundation of the Finnish Government; apart from a few historical exceptions, a Government is usually assembled by the representatives of two major parties and a number of smaller parties. Composition The Government is the most important executive body of Finland composed of the ministers. Its supreme powers are based on Section 3, Chapter 1 of the Constitution of Finland (and the subordinate Government Act of 2003):The governmental powers are exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government, the members of which shall have the ...
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Republic Of Finland
Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, opposite Estonia. Finland has a population of 5.6 million. Its capital and largest city is Helsinki. The majority of the population are Finns, ethnic Finns. The official languages are Finnish language, Finnish and Swedish language, Swedish; 84.1 percent of the population speak the first as their mother tongue and 5.1 percent the latter. Finland's climate varies from humid continental climate, humid continental in the south to boreal climate, boreal in the north. The land cover is predominantly boreal forest biome, with List of lakes of Finland, more than 180,000 recorded lakes. Finland was first settled around 9000 BC after the Last Glacial Period, last Ice Age. During the Stone Age, various cultures emerged, distinguished by differen ...
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Coalition Government
A coalition government, or coalition cabinet, is a government by political parties that enter into a power-sharing arrangement of the executive. Coalition governments usually occur when no single party has achieved an absolute majority after an election. A party not having majority is common under proportional representation, but not in nations with majoritarian electoral systems. There are different forms of coalition governments, minority coalitions and surplus majority coalition governments. A surplus majority coalition government controls more than the absolute majority of seats in parliament necessary to have a majority in the government, whereas minority coalition governments do not hold the majority of legislative seats. A coalition government may also be created in a time of national difficulty or crisis (for example, during wartime or economic crisis) to give a government the high degree of perceived political legitimacy or collective identity, it can also play a ro ...
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Ministry Of Social Affairs And Health
The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (, ) is a Finnish government ministry tasked with the planning and implementation of policies regarding the social affairs and health of the inhabitants of Finland. The ministry includes two ministers: the Minister of Social Affairs and Health and the Minister of Family Affairs and Social Services. The ministry has five departments: the Administration and Planning Department, the Department for Promotion of Welfare and Health, the Department for Social and Health Services, the Department for Occupational Safety and the Health and Insurance Department. The ministry's predecessor was founded prior to Finland's declaration of independence. In the beginning, it focused on countering misery, promoting sobriety, and caring for the poor, vagrants, children and alcoholics. Healthcare was introduced to its tasks in 1968. A major reform of the health and social service system (''sosiaali- ja terveyspalveluiden uudistus'', or ''sote-uudistus'' fo ...
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Ministry Of Economic Affairs And Employment (Finland)
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment (TEM, , ) is one of the ministries of the Finnish Government. The ministry implements industry, labor, and local development policies. There are two ministerial portfolios located within the ministry: * Minister of Economic Affairs * Minister of Employment The ministry was formed in 2008 by merging the former Ministry of Labour (''työministeriö''), the former Ministry of Trade and Industry (''kauppa- ja teollisuusministeriö''), and parts of the Ministry of the Interior (''sisäministeriö'') related to local administration. The first minister was Mauri Pekkarinen. The combination was called ''superministeriö'' because it was so large and diverse. The intention of the merger was to make sure that labor policy and industrial policy, as well as others such as immigration policy and regional policy, are coordinated and don't go separate ways. The ministry manages 15 local employment and economy offices, 15 local Centres for ...
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Ministry Of Transport And Communications (Finland)
The Ministry of Transport and Communications (LVM, , ) is one of the twelve ministries which comprise the Finnish Government. LVM oversees Finland's transportation network and the country's communication services. LVM's budget for 2018 is €3,362,555,000. The ministry employs 180 people. Agencies within the ministry's administrative reach include the Finnish Transport Agency, Trafi, FICORA, and the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The ministry is in charge of several state-owned companies; the most notable of these is Finland's national public broadcasting company, Yle. Key agencies and companies Several agencies and state-owned companies operate under the Ministry of Transport and Communications, including: # Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency (Väylä): Responsible for the planning, development, and maintenance of Finland's transport infrastructure. # Finnish Transport and Communications Agency (Traficom): Regulates and supervises transport and communicati ...
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Ministry Of Agriculture And Forestry (Finland)
The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MMM, , ) is one of the 12 ministries in the Finnish Government. Natural resources and their sustainable use are in the focus of this ministry. It also makes sure that Finland is self-sufficient in its food production even in a time of crisis, and that the food production and use of natural resources is sustainable, economically beneficial, and good for the well-being of the nation's citizens. For 2022, the MMM's budget is €2.752.960.000. The ministry has about 250 employees, and 5,100 in the entire administrative sector. The size of the ministry's budget is approximately 2.8 billion euros. History The predecessor of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry was founded by Alexander II in 1860, 57 years prior to Finland's independence. "Forestry" was added to the name and task of the ministry in 1971. In 1983, environmental matters were moved to newly-founded Ministry of the Environment. References External links * {{autho ...
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Ministry Of Education And Culture (Finland)
The Ministry of Education and Culture (, ) is one of the twelve ministries in Finland. It prepares laws and oversees the administration of matters relating to education (such as daycare, schools and universities), and culture (such as museums, libraries and arts), as well as sports and science. The Ministry of Education and Culture is one of the oldest ministries in Finland. It was started as the Ecclesiastical Department in 1809, when the Grand Duchy of Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire. See also * Education in Finland * List of Finnish ministries References Government of Finland Education Finland Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...

Ministry Of Finance (Finland)
The Ministry of Finance (FM, , ) is one of the 12 ministries which comprise the Finnish Government. The FM prepares the Government's economic and financial policy as well as the state budget, and acts as a tax policy expert. The ministry indirectly employs about 12,000 people through its administrative branch. About 360 people are employed by the ministry itself. The FM is headed by Finland's Minister of Finance, Riikka Purra, holding the office since 20 June 2023. The ministry's most senior public official is Permanent Secretary Martti Hetemäki. For 2018, the FM's budget is €17,194,849,000. History Along with the Ministry of Justice, the FM is one of the two oldest ministries in Finland. Finland’s fiscal autonomy started in the Diet of Porvoo in 1809, when the Emperor of Russia and Grand Duke of Finland Alexander I solemnly declared that all taxes levied in autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland would be used solely to meet the nation’s own needs. The predecessor of Mi ...
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Ministry Of Defence (Finland)
The Ministry of Defence ( , ) is one of the 12 ministries which comprise the Finnish Government. The ministry is in charge of Finland's national defence policy, national security, and international cooperation in defence policy matters. It is Finland's ministry of defence. The ministry is headed by the Minister of Defence. The Ministry of Defence's budget for 2018 is €2,871,971,000. As of 2016, roughly 25% of the defence budget was spent in payroll of the defence forces, 20% in procurement of material and 25% in other operational expenses. References External links * Government of Finland Defence Finland Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...

Ministry Of The Interior (Finland)
The Ministry of the Interior (, ) is one of the Finnish Government's twelve ministries and is responsible for matters related to internal security such as counter-terrorism, policing, fire & rescue services, and border control, as well as migration issues. The ministry is also responsible for matters relating to the flag of Finland and the coats of arms. The ministry is led by the Minister of the Interior, Mari Rantanen of the Finns Party. The Ministry of the Interior's budget for 2018 is €1,463,996,000. The ministry employs 190 people. References Government of Finland Interior Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...

Ministry Of Justice (Finland)
The Ministry of Justice ( , ) is one of the 12 ministries which comprise the Finnish Government. Headed by the Minister of Justice, it is responsible for maintaining the legal safeguards necessary for the successful operation of democracy and fundamental rights of the inhabitants of Finland. The ministry's budget for 2018 is €940,743,000. It has 261 direct employees. The drafting of the most central laws, the functioning of the judicial system, and the enforcement of sentences belong to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice. Sentences are enforced by the Criminal Sanctions Agency (, ), which administers the country's imprisonment and rehabilitation system. The Ministry of Justice of Finland might oversee the administration of justice in Åland. Organization The Ministry of Justice and its administrative sector are headed by the Minister of Justice, assisted by the Permanent Secretary. The incumbent Minister of Justice is Leena Meri. The Ministry of Justice has fo ...
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Ministry For Foreign Affairs (Finland)
The Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) is a ministry in the Finnish Government and is responsible for preparing and implementing the government's foreign policy. Organisation The ministry in 2017 has a total budget of 1.079 billion euros, of which 675 million will be spent on development cooperation and 248 million euros on the ministry's operating expenses. Upkeep of crisis management troops will cost 50 million euros and civilian personnel 15 million. It employs 1,420 people (of whom approximately 74% are women) as well as 980 locally hired personnel and maintains 89 overseas offices housing foreign missions. Since 1987 the ministry has been concentrated in the Katajanokka district of Helsinki. Two ministers in the current Petteri Orpo's government have portfolios relating to the ministry: * Minister for Foreign Affairs, who is in overall political control of the ministry * Minister for Foreign Trade and Development The most senior civil servant is the Secretary of Sta ...
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