|
Fiat Tipo Due Platform
The Tipo Due platform (type two) was a front wheel drive platform designed by the Italian Fiat Group and used during the late 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s for a range of Alfa Romeo, Fiat and Lancia models. It introduced the concept of a "modular" platform, albeit not as modular as current platforms are, allowing the group to assemble various models, also with some special modifications, from the same floorpan. It uses four-wheel independent suspension, composed of MacPherson struts at the front and trailing arms at the rear, with Alfa Romeo Spider and GTV using a multilink setup rather than trailing arms. The first generation Fiat C-platform was directly derived from this platform: it has only minor differences, and is also called "Type Two rev. 2". The Alfa Romeo 156 and Lancia Lybra platform is also derived from the Type Two rev. 2 platform and called "Type Two rev. 3", with stretched wheelbase and different suspension setups: MacPherson struts at the front and GLA (standing f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat Group
Stellantis Europe S.p.A. (formerly Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. and FCA Italy S.p.A.), is the Italian subsidiary of the multinational automaker Stellantis, dedicated to the production and selling of passenger cars and light commercial vehicles and headquartered in Turin, Italy. History The company was founded in 1979 as a subsidiary of the Fiat S.p.A. group, and in 2007 it became Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. In 2014, after absorbing the American group Chrysler LLC, it was integrated the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) group and renamed to FCA Italy S.p.A.. On 16 January 2021, the operations of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) and Groupe PSA were merged to form Stellantis. FCA Italy was renamed Stellantis Europe S.p.A. in June 2023. Marques * Abarth * Alfa Romeo * Fiat ** Fiat Professional * Lancia Lancia Automobiles S.p.A. () is an Italian car manufacturer and a subsidiary of Stellantis Europe, which is the European subsidiary of Stellantis. The present legal entity of La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MacPherson Strut
The MacPherson strut is a type of automotive suspension system that uses the top of a telescopic damper as the upper steering pivot. It is widely used in the front suspension of modern vehicles. The name comes from American automotive engineer Earle S. MacPherson, who invented and developed the design. History Earle S. MacPherson was appointed the chief engineer of Chevrolet's Light Car project in 1945. He was tasked with developing a new, smaller car for the immediate post-war market, an effort that led to the Chevrolet Cadet. The Cadet was poised to be a groundbreaking vehicle, and the three prototypes that had been built by 1946 displayed a wide range of innovations. One of these was a revolutionary new independent suspension system that featured what is now known as a MacPherson strut. The Cadet was slated to be the first production vehicle with MacPherson struts, but the project was cancelled in 1947 and never saw commercial production. This was in large part due to GM's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat Platforms
Fiat Automobiles S.p.A., commonly known as simply Fiat ( , ; ), is an Italian automobile manufacturer. It became a part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles in 2014 and, in 2021, became a subsidiary of Stellantis through its Italian division, Stellantis Europe. Fiat Automobiles was formed in January 2007 when Fiat S.p.A. reorganized its automobile business, and traces its history back to 1899, when the first Fiat automobile, the Fiat 4 HP, was produced. Fiat Automobiles is the largest automobile manufacturer in Italy. During its more than century-long history, it remained the largest automobile manufacturer in Europe and the third in the world after General Motors and Ford for over 20 years, until the car industry crisis in the late 1980s. In 2013, Fiat S.p.A. was the second-largest European automaker by volumes produced and the seventh in the world, while FCA was the world's eighth-largest automaker. In 1970, Fiat Automobiles employed more than 100,000 in Italy when its producti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfa Romeo Sportut
The Alfa Romeo Sportut is a concept car designed by Bertone for the Italian automobile manufacturer Alfa Romeo. It was based on an Alfa Romeo 145 platform and first shown at the 1997 Geneva Motor Show as a non-moving styling exercise. The vehicle's body style is a four-door SUV, with hidden rear door-handles like the Alfa Romeo 156. Technical Specifications *Engine: 4 cylinders in-line, 4 valves per cylinder, Twin Spark Alfa Romeo Twin Spark (TS) technology was used for the first time in the Alfa Romeo Grand Prix car in 1914. In the early 1960s it was used in their race cars ( GTA, TZ) to enable it to achieve a higher power output from its engines. And in the e ... *configuration: front transverse *displacement: 1970 cc *power: *chassis: *transmission: 4WD *gearbox: 5-speed manual References {{Alfa Romeo Sportut Bertone concept vehicles All-wheel-drive vehicles Cars introduced in 1997 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfa Romeo Vola
The Alfa Romeo Vola is a concept car designed by Leonardo Fioravanti in 2000. The car was presented for the first time at the 2001 Geneva Motor Show. One of its most notable features is a rotating glass roof. The deck lid hinges are concentric with the top, so the trunk access is freely available, as the open roof sits on top of the trunk lid. Originally livered in black with red interior, the Vola was shown at the 2005 Geneva Motor Show with a red paint and brown upholstery. The same idea was later used in the Ferrari Superamerica from 2005, also designed by Fioravanti and patented as a ''Revocromico'' roof. In 2008 the rear buttresses of the Vola were remodelled similar to the Superamerica. Fioravanti also refers to the car as the "Alfa Romeo LF." Technical specifications The Vola is powered by a front mounted transverse V6 with 2 valves per cylinder producing . The engine is paired to a 5-speed manual transmission sending power to the front wheels. Its chassis is derived fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-wheel Drive
An all-wheel drive vehicle (AWD vehicle) is one with a powertrain capable of providing power to all its wheels, whether full-time or on-demand. Types The most common forms of all-wheel drive are: ;1x1 : All unicycles Reflects one axle with one wheel capable of being powered. ; 2x2 : Some motorcycles and bikes Reflects two axles with one wheel on each capable of being powered. ; 4×4 (also, four-wheel drive or 4WD): Reflects two axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. ; 6×6 (also, six-wheel drive or 6WD): Reflects three axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. ; 8×8 (also, eight-wheel drive or 8WD): Reflects four axles with both wheels on each capable of being powered. Vehicles may be either part-time all-wheel drive or full-time: ;On-demand or Part-time: One axle is permanently connected to the drive, the other is connected as needed ;Full-time or Permanent: All axles are permanently connected, with or without a differential. ;Independ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat Tempra
The Fiat Tempra (Type 159) is a small family car produced by the Italian automaker Fiat from 1990 to 1996 in Italy. The Tempra was intended as a replacement for the Fiat Regata. The original project was called ''Tipo 3'', being a mid-size car between the Fiat Tipo (Type 160), Fiat Tipo (project ''Tipo 2'') and the bigger Fiat Croma (project ''Tipo 4''). The Tempra shares its Type Three platform with the Lancia Dedra and Alfa Romeo 155. The Tempra was named the 1991 Semperit Irish Car of the Year in Ireland. In Brazil, the Tempra was built from 1991 to 1998. The car was also assembled in Turkey by Tofaş and in Vietnam by Mekong Auto in complete knock down until 2000. Overview The saloon of the Tempra was shown for the first time in newspapers in November 1989, and introduced in March 1990 at the Geneva Motor Show, with the station wagon (marketed as the "Tempra SW") arriving two months later in Turin. The initial engine range comprised 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 petrol units and normally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat Tipo Tre Platform
The Tipo Tre platform (type three) was a front wheel drive platform designed by the Italian Fiat Group and used during the 1980s and 1990s for a range of Alfa Romeo, Fiat and Lancia models. It is closely related to the Tipo Due platform which was used in the Fiat Tipo, being merely a stretched version for the Fiat Group's saloons and with the added ability of allowing for all-wheel drive. Models *Alfa Romeo 155 *Fiat Tempra *Lancia Dedra The Lancia Dedra (Type 835) is a compact executive car produced by the Italian automaker Lancia from 1989 to 1999. It was initially designed to support, and went on to replace, the Lancia Prisma, Prisma which, six years after its launch, was havin ... References Fiat platforms Alfa Romeo platforms Lancia platforms {{Automotive-part-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Wishbone Suspension
A double wishbone suspension is an independent suspension design for automobiles using two (occasionally parallel) wishbone-shaped arms to locate the wheel. Each wishbone or arm has two mounting points to the chassis and one joint at the knuckle. The shock absorber and coil spring mount to the wishbones to control vertical movement. Double wishbone designs allow the engineer to carefully control the motion of the wheel throughout suspension travel, controlling such parameters as camber angle, caster angle, toe pattern, roll center height, scrub radius, scuff ( mechanical abrasion), and more. Implementation The double-wishbone suspension can also be referred to as "double A-arms", though the arms themselves can be A-shaped or L-shaped. A single wishbone or A-arm can also be used in various other suspension types, such as variations of the MacPherson strut. The upper arm is usually shorter to induce negative camber as the suspension jounces (rises), and often this arrangement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lancia Lybra
The Lancia Lybra (Type 839) is a compact executive car manufactured and marketed by Italian automaker Lancia between 1998 and 2005, based on the Alfa Romeo 156 floorpan, and replacing the Dedra in Lancia's range. Like the Dedra, the Lybra was available as a Berlina ( saloon) or a Station Wagon ( estate). A total of 164,660 cars were made. Name The model's name refers to the zodiac sign of Libra and signalled an end to Lancia's Greek letter model name convention. The Lybra was manufactured in the Rivalta plant near Turin until 2002 and after that in Mirafiori plant in Turin. Styling The Lybra was styled at the Centro Stile Lancia, contrary to earlier Lancia models, which were commissioned to external design studios. Initial models were carried out by Enrico Fumia in 1992 and by the time of his departure from Centro Stile Lancia, the project was finished by Michael Robinson. The interior was designed by Flavio Manzoni. The Lybra's distinctive taillights were shared with the 2001 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfa Romeo 156
The Alfa Romeo 156 (Type 932) is a compact executive car produced by the Italian automobile manufacturer Alfa Romeo. It was introduced at the Frankfurt Motor Show#1997, 1997 Frankfurt Motor Show as the replacement for the Alfa Romeo 155. The 156 received a positive reception and in the following year went on to win the 1998 European Car of the Year award. The 156 Saloon (car), saloon was discontinued in Europe late in 2005, while the Q4 Crosswagon continued in production until the end of 2007. Cars were assembled at the Fiat Group factory in Alfa Romeo Pomigliano d'Arco Plant, Pomigliano d'Arco, Italy and at a General Motors facility in Rayong, Thailand. Production in Thailand began in March 2002 and ran for only a couple of years. The cars produced there were targeted for the Asia-Pacific markets. Between 1996 and 2007, 673,435 units of the 156 were produced. The 156 was available in saloon, ''Sportwagon'' (Station wagon, estate) and ''Crosswagon'' (Crossover (automobile), cros ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multi-link Suspension
A multi-link suspension is a type of independent vehicle suspension having three or more control links per wheel. These arms do not have to be of equal length, and may be angled away from their "obvious" direction. It was first introduced in the late 1960s on the Mercedes-Benz C111 and later on their W201 and W124 series. Typically each arm has a spherical joint (ball joint) or rubber bushing at each end. Consequently, they react to loads along their own length, in tension and compression, but not in bending. Some multi-links do use a trailing arm, control arm or wishbone, which has two bushings at one end. On a front suspension one of the lateral arms is replaced by the tie-rod, which connects the rack or steering box to the wheel hub. Layout In order to simplify understanding, it is usual to consider the function of the arms in each of three orthogonal planes: *Top view: The arms have to control toe/steer and lateral compliance. This needs a pair of arms longitudina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
