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Fear Of A Black Planet
''Fear of a Black Planet'' is the third studio album by American hip hop group Public Enemy. It was released on April 10, 1990, by Def Jam Recordings and Columbia Records, and produced by the group's production team The Bomb Squad, who expanded on the sample-layered sound of Public Enemy's previous album, ''It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back'' (1988). Having fulfilled their initial creative ambitions with that album, the group aspired to create what lead rapper Chuck D called "a deep, complex album". Their songwriting was partly inspired by the controversy surrounding member Professor Griff's anti-Semitic public comments and his consequent dismissal from the group in 1989. Reflecting its confrontational tone, ''Fear of a Black Planet'' features elaborate sound collages that incorporate varying rhythms, numerous samples, media sound bites, and eccentric loops. Recorded during the golden age of hip hop, its assemblage of reconfigured and recontextualized aural s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Enemy
Public Enemy is an American Hip-hop, hip hop group formed in Roosevelt, New York, in 1985 by Chuck D and Flavor Flav. The group rose to prominence for their political messages including subjects such as Racism in the United States, American racism and the Mass media in the United States, American media. Their debut album, ''Yo! Bum Rush the Show'', was released in 1987 to critical acclaim, and their second album, ''It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back'' (1988), was the first hip hop album to top ''The Village Voice''s Pazz & Jop critics' poll. Their next three albums, ''Fear of a Black Planet'' (1990), ''Apocalypse 91... The Enemy Strikes Black'' (1991), and ''Muse Sick-n-Hour Mess Age'' (1994), were also well received. The group has since released twelve more studio albums, including He Got Game (soundtrack), the soundtrack to the 1998 sports-drama film ''He Got Game'' and a collaborative album with Paris (rapper), Paris, ''Rebirth of a Nation'' (2006). Public Enemy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop. The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa. As of 2025, Def Jam's current roster includes Gelo Ball, Justin Bieber, DJ Khaled, Alessia Cara, Big Sean, Dave East, Wale, Jeremih, Fabolous, Jhené Aiko, Coco Jones, LL Cool J, Public Enemy, Jadakiss, YG, Muni Long, Buju Banton, Fridayy, Benny the Butcher, Trinidad Cardona, Fredo Bang, Nasty C, Armani White, and Hit-Boy among others. Company history Founding and CBS Records Group era (1983–1994) Def Jam was co-founded by Rick Rubin in his dormitory in Weinstein Hall at Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antisemitism
Antisemitism or Jew-hatred is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who harbours it is called an antisemite. Whether antisemitism is considered a form of racism depends on the school of thought. Antisemitic tendencies may be motivated primarily by negative sentiment towards Jewish peoplehood, Jews as a people or negative sentiment towards Jews with regard to Judaism. In the former case, usually known as racial antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by the belief that Jews constitute a distinct race with inherent traits or characteristics that are repulsive or inferior to the preferred traits or characteristics within that person's society. In the latter case, known as religious antisemitism, a person's hostility is driven by their religion's perception of Jews and Judaism, typically encompassing doctrines of supersession that expect or demand Jews to turn away from Judaism and submit to the religion presenting itself as Judaism's suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professor Griff
Richard Duane Griffin (born August 1, 1960), better known by his stage name Professor Griff, is an American spoken word artist, and lecturer currently residing in Atlanta. He was a member of the hip-hop group Public Enemy, serving as the group's "Minister of Information". During his time with Public Enemy, he was an adherent of the ideas espoused by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan, which informed both Griffin's and Public Enemy's ideological views. Having served in the U.S. Army and cultivating an interest in martial arts, he trained the S1W security team that toured with Public Enemy dressed in military uniforms, doing choreographed military step drills on stage. Controversies Antisemitism and departure from Public Enemy Before the release of ''It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back'', Professor Griff, in his role as Minister of Information, gave interviews to UK magazines on behalf of Public Enemy, during which he made homophobic and anti-Semitic remarks. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chuck D
Carlton Douglas Ridenhour (born August 1, 1960), known professionally as Chuck D, is an American rapper, best known as the leader and frontman of the hip hop group Public Enemy, which he co-founded in 1985 with Flavor Flav. Chuck D is also a member of the rock supergroup Prophets of Rage. He has released several solo albums, most notably '' Autobiography of Mistachuck'' (1996). His work with Public Enemy helped create politically and socially conscious hip hop music in the mid-1980s. '' The Source'' ranked him at No. 12 on its list of the Top 50 Hip-Hop Lyricists of All Time. Chuck D has been nominated for six Grammys throughout his career, and has received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of Public Enemy. He was also inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2013 as a member of Public Enemy. Early life Ridenhour was born on August 1, 1960, on Long Island, New York. When he was a child, his mother played Motown and showtunes in the home and his father be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sampling (music)
In sound and music, sampling is the reuse of a portion (or sample) of a sound recording in another recording. Samples may comprise elements such as rhythm, melody, speech, or sound effects. A sample might comprise only a fragment of sound, or a longer portion of music, such as a drum beat or melody. Samples are often layered, Equalization (audio), equalized, sped up or slowed down, repitched, Loop (music), looped, or otherwise manipulated. They are usually integrated using electronic music instruments (Sampler (musical instrument), samplers) or software such as digital audio workstations. A process similar to sampling originated in the 1940s with ''musique concrète'', experimental music created by Tape splice, splicing and Tape loop, looping tape. The mid-20th century saw the introduction of keyboard instruments that played sounds recorded on tape, such as the Mellotron. The term ''sampling'' was coined in the late 1970s by the creators of the Fairlight CMI, a synthesizer with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip-hop includes rapping often enough that the terms can be used synonymously. However, "hip-hop" more properly denotes an entire subculture. Other key markers of the genre are the disc jockey, turntablism, scratching, beatboxing, and instrumental tracks. Cultural interchange has always been central to the hip-hop genre. It simultaneously borrows from its social environment while commenting on it. The hip-hop genre and culture emerged from block parties in ethnic minority neighborhoods of New York City, particularly Bronx. DJs began expanding the instrumental breaks of popular records when they noticed how excited it would make the crowds. The extended instrumental breaks provided a platform for break dancers and rappers. These br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Studio Album
An album is a collection of audio recordings (e.g., music) issued on a medium such as compact disc (CD), Phonograph record, vinyl (record), audio tape (like 8-track cartridge, 8-track or Cassette tape, cassette), or digital distribution, digital. Albums of recorded sound were developed in the early 20th century as individual 78 rpm records (78s) collected in a bound book resembling a photo album; this format evolved after 1948 into single vinyl LP record, long-playing (LP) records played at rpm. The album was the dominant form of recorded music expression and consumption from the mid-1960s to the early 21st century, a period known as the ''album era''. Vinyl LPs are still issued, though album sales in the 21st-century have mostly focused on CD and MP3 formats. The 8-track tape was the first tape format widely used alongside vinyl from 1965 until being phased out by 1983, being gradually supplanted by the cassette tape throughout the 1970s and early 1980s; the popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
911 Is A Joke
"911 Is a Joke" is a 1990 song by American hip hop group Public Enemy, from their third album, '' Fear of a Black Planet''. Solely performed by Flavor Flav, the track became a hit in April 1990 upon its release as a single, reaching number 15 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart, and number one on the Hot Rap Singles chart, becoming their second number-one rap chart hit after " Fight the Power". It also reached number one on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart. This was due largely to its sales, which were unusually high for the level of mainstream airplay it received; ''Billboard'' reported that only one of the stations on its Top 40 panel was playing it. The song is about the lack of response to emergency calls in a black neighborhood, but it specifically references the poor response by paramedic crews and not the police, which is a common misconception regarding the track; the "911" in the title of the song refers to 9-1-1, the emergency telephone number us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Welcome To The Terrordome
"Welcome to the Terrordome" is a song by the American hip hop band Public Enemy, recorded for their 1990 album ''Fear of a Black Planet''. It was released as a single in January 1990, according to the discographer Martin C. Strong. Critical reception In a retrospective review of the song for AllMusic, John Bush said that the song was "arguably the production peak of The Bomb Squad and one of Chuck D's best rapping performances ever", and stated that "none of ublic Enemy'stracks were more musically incendiary than 'Welcome to the Terrordome'. British journalist Garry Mulholland included the song in his book ''This Is Uncool: The 500 Greatest Singles Since Punk and Disco'', describing the song's music as being "based on a boiling, undulating bluesy shudder that isn't even recognizable as a riff" and the lyrics as "the best and most complex slew of metaphors and simile A simile () is a type of figure of speech that directly ''compares'' two things. Similes are often contrasted with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fight The Power (Public Enemy Song)
"Fight the Power" is a song by American hip hop music, hip hop group Public Enemy, released as a single (music), single in the summer of 1989 on Motown, Motown Records. It was conceived at the request of film director Spike Lee, who sought a musical theme for his 1989 film ''Do the Right Thing''. First issued on the film's 1989 soundtrack, the extended version was featured on Public Enemy's third studio album ''Fear of a Black Planet'' (1990). "Fight the Power" incorporates various sampling (music), samples and allusions to African-American culture, including Civil Rights Movement, civil rights exhortations, black church services, and the music of James Brown. Spike Lee also directed a music video in Brooklyn featuring a political rally of "a thousand" black youth, with appearances by Lee and the Public Enemy members (Chuck D, Flavor Flav, Terminator X), uniformed Fruit of Islam men, and signs of historic black figures such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. As a single (mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apocalypse 91
''Apocalypse 91… The Enemy Strikes Black'' is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Public Enemy, released on October 1, 1991, by Def Jam Recordings and Columbia Records. The album received critical acclaim, ranking at No. 2 in ''The Village Voice''s 1991 Pazz & Jop critics' poll. Recording and production ''Apocalypse 91'' was recorded at The Mix Palace in Long Island, New York and produced by The Bomb Squad and The Imperial Grand Ministers of Funk, which consisted of producers Stuart Robertz (fictional), Cerwin "C-Dawg" Depper (fictional), Gary "G-Wiz" Rinaldo, and The JBL. The album title is an allusion to the titles of the films ''Apocalypse Now'' and ''The Empire Strikes Back''. The group would take a new direction with their sound, partly out of necessity. According to Hank Shocklee, around this time, the disks for every track they had been working on for the past four to five years had been stolen. As a result, they had to rush to re-create their music and to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
