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Fauji Fresh N Freeze
Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited (FFC) ( ) is a Pakistani fertilizer manufacturer with its Head Office based in Rawalpindi. It is a subsidiary of the Fauji Foundation. FFC produces various fertilizers which include urea, DAP, SOP, MOP, Boron (Di-Sodium Tetra Borate Decahydrate) and Zinc (Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate). History Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited (FFC) was incorporated in 1978 as a joint venture between Fauji Foundation and Haldor Topsoe of Denmark. The first urea complex was commissioned in 1982 in Sadiqabad, Punjab. In 1991, it was listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange and Lahore Stock Exchange. A year later, it was also listed on the Islamabad Stock Exchange. A second plant was built at the same location in 1993. In 2002, FFC acquired Pak Saudi Fertilizers Limited urea plant from the National Fertilizer Corporation, for PKR 8.151 billion (PKR 135.85 per share) under a privatisation process of the Government of Pakistan. In 2012, FFC commissioned a wind farm pr ...
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Public Limited Company
A public limited company (legally abbreviated to PLC or plc) is a type of public company under United Kingdom company law, some Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth jurisdictions, and Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It is a limited liability company whose shares may be freely sold and traded to the public (although a PLC may also be privately held, often by another PLC), with a minimum share capital of £50,000 and usually with the letters PLC after its name. Similar companies in the United States are called Public company, ''publicly traded companies''. A PLC can be either an unlisted or listed company on the stock exchanges. In the United Kingdom, a public limited company usually must include the words "public limited company" or the abbreviation "PLC" or "plc" at the end and as part of the legal company name. Welsh companies may instead choose to end their names with , an abbreviation for '. However, some public limited companies (mostly nationalization, nationalised concer ...
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Urea
Urea, also called carbamide (because it is a diamide of carbonic acid), is an organic compound with chemical formula . This amide has two Amine, amino groups (–) joined by a carbonyl functional group (–C(=O)–). It is thus the simplest amide of carbamic acid. Urea serves an important role in the cellular metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds by animals and is the main nitrogen-containing substance in the urine of mammals. ''Urea'' is Neo-Latin, , , itself from Proto-Indo-European ''*h₂worsom''. It is a colorless, odorless solid, highly soluble in water, and practically non-toxic ( is 15 g/kg for rats). Dissolved in water, it is neither acidic nor base (chemistry), alkaline. The body uses it in many processes, most notably metabolic waste#Nitrogen wastes, nitrogen excretion. The liver forms it by combining two ammonia molecules () with a carbon dioxide () molecule in the urea cycle. Urea is widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen (N) and is an important ...
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Government Of Pakistan
The Government of Pakistan () (abbreviated as GoP), constitutionally known as the Federal Government, commonly known as the Centre, is the national authority of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, a federal republic located in South Asia, consisting of four provinces and one federal territory. The territories of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir are also part of the country but have separate systems and are not part of the federation. Under the Constitution, there are three primary branches of a government: ''the legislative'', whose powers are vested in a bicameral Parliament; ''the executive'', consisting of the president, aided by the Cabinet which is headed by the prime minister; and ''the judiciary'', with the Supreme Court. Effecting the Westminster system for governing the state, the government is mainly composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, in which all powers are vested by the Constitution in the Parliament, the prime minister an ...
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Privatisation
Privatization (rendered privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation when a heavily regulated private company or industry becomes less regulated. Government functions and services may also be privatised (which may also be known as "franchising" or "out-sourcing"); in this case, private entities are tasked with the implementation of government programs or performance of government services that had previously been the purview of state-run agencies. Some examples include revenue collection, law enforcement, water supply, and prison management. Another definition is that privatization is the sale of a state-owned enterprise or municipally owned corporation to private investors; in this case shares may be traded in the public market for the first time, or for the first time since an enterprise's previous natio ...
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Pak Saudi Fertilizers Limited
Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited (FFC) ( ) is a Pakistani fertilizer manufacturer with its Head Office based in Rawalpindi. It is a subsidiary of the Fauji Foundation. FFC produces various fertilizers which include urea, DAP, SOP, MOP, Boron (Di-Sodium Tetra Borate Decahydrate) and Zinc (Zinc Sulfate Monohydrate). History Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited (FFC) was incorporated in 1978 as a joint venture between Fauji Foundation and Haldor Topsoe of Denmark. The first urea complex was commissioned in 1982 in Sadiqabad, Punjab. In 1991, it was listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange and Lahore Stock Exchange. A year later, it was also listed on the Islamabad Stock Exchange. A second plant was built at the same location in 1993. In 2002, FFC acquired Pak Saudi Fertilizers Limited urea plant from the National Fertilizer Corporation, for PKR 8.151 billion (PKR 135.85 per share) under a privatisation process of the Government of Pakistan. In 2012, FFC commissioned a wind farm p ...
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Business Recorder
''Business Recorder'' is an English-language financial daily newspaper in Pakistan, founded by Muhammad Ahmed Zuberi in 1965. The publication is owned by the Business Recorder Group. Newspaper founder's eldest son, Wamiq Zuberi, is the editor of the newspaper, and chief executive officer of the Business Recorder Group. History ''Business Recorder'' was launched on 27 April 1965 by veteran journalist M.A. Zuberi (1920 – 12 December 2010), the newspaper's founder. He was first appointed as an apprentice reporter by Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1945 at ''Dawn'' newspaper in Delhi. Before the creation of Pakistan in 1947, he had been promoted to the post of Senior Assistant Editor at ''Dawn'' newspaper. He continued to work in that position even in Pakistan until 1964. Then he founded his own newspaper ''Business Recorder'' in 1965 and thus became one of the pioneers of financial journalism in Pakistan. Business Recorder Group holdings Printing * Apex Printry (Pvt) Ltd ...
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Islamabad Stock Exchange
The Islamabad Stock Exchange ( or PSX-ISE) was a stock exchange located in Islamabad, Capital Territory, Pakistan. In 2016, it merged with the Pakistan Stock Exchange. History Islamabad Stock Exchange was incorporated as a guarantee-limited company on 25 October 1989 in Islamabad. In 1989, a Pakistani high court judge investigated the authorization of a new stock exchange in Islamabad. The judge's findings revealed that the Ehsan-ul-Haq Piracha, then Minister of State for Finance, had helped approve the deal, which exclusively favored a company with which he had previously served as a director. Additionally, a member of his family held a directorship at the same company at the time of the deal's approval. The judge presiding over the case issued a strongly worded opinion, alleging that the finance minister had engaged in improper dealings related to the authorization of the new stock exchange. It was licensed as a stock exchange on 7 January 1992. It started trading in July 1 ...
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Lahore Stock Exchange
LSE Group, formerly known as Lahore Stock Exchange is a Pakistani investment company based in Lahore, Pakistan. LSE Group consists of three companies: LSE Capital, LSE Financial Services, and LSE Ventures, all of them are listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. History The Lahore Stock Exchange (LSE) was established in October 1970, under the ''Securities and Exchange Ordinance, 1969'' by the Government of Pakistan in response to the needs for the provincial capital of Punjab. It initially had 83 companies listed and was headquartered at Bank Square in Lahore. The number of listed companies increased to 519 since its inception. In 2000, LSE froze accounts following an unprecedented market crash, resulting in a two-day closure and a one-day trading suspension. The crisis allegedly began when LSE members working for investor Nisar Danka exceeded their exposure limits and failed to settle their clearings. Subsequently, Mian Nisar filed a damages suit under the Central Depository ...
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Karachi Stock Exchange
The Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), founded as Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE), is a stock exchange based in Karachi, Pakistan. PSX was classified by MSCI as a Frontier markets, frontier market on 8 September 2021. Pakistan Stock Exchange was founded in 1947 as Karachi Stock Exchange, In January 2016, Karachi Stock Exchange was renamed as Pakistan Stock Exchange after the merger of the Lahore Stock Exchange and Islamabad Stock Exchange. Investors on the exchanges include 1,886 foreign institutional investors and 883 domestic institutional investors along with about 220,000 retail investors. There are also about 400 brokerage houses which are members of the PSX as well as 21 asset management companies. As of year-end 2024, PSX has a total of 525 listed companies with a total market capitalization of 14.495 trillion PKR. History 1947–2016: Karachi Stock Exchange Founded on 18 September 1947, Karachi Stock Exchange Limited (KSE) was registered in Pakistan. It was located at the ...
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Punjab, Pakistan
Punjab (, ) is a Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. With a population of over 127 million, it is the Demographics of Pakistan, most populous province in Pakistan and the List of first-level administrative divisions by population, second most populous subnational polity in the world. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, central-eastern region of the country, it has the #Economy, largest economy, contributing the most to Economy of Pakistan, national GDP in Pakistan. Lahore is the capital and largest city of the province. Other major cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala and Multan. It is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the north-west, Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan to the south-west and Sindh to the south, as well as Islamabad Capital Territory to the north-west and Azad Kashmir to the north. It shares an India-Pakistan border, international border with the Indian states of Rajasthan and Punjab, India, Punjab to ...
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Denmark
Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous administrative division, autonomous territories of the Faroe Islands and Greenland in the north Atlantic Ocean.* * * Metropolitan Denmark, also called "continental Denmark" or "Denmark proper", consists of the northern Jutland peninsula and an archipelago of 406 islands. It is the southernmost of the Scandinavian countries, lying southwest of Sweden, south of Norway, and north of Germany, with which it shares a short border. Denmark proper is situated between the North Sea to the west and the Baltic Sea to the east.The island of Bornholm is offset to the east of the rest of the country, in the Baltic Sea. The Kingdom of Denmark, including the Faroe Islands and Greenland, has roughly List of islands of Denmark, 1,400 islands greater than in ...
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Haldor Topsøe (company)
Topsoe (previously Haldor Topsøe) is a Danish company founded in 1940 by Haldor Topsøe. The company has approximately 2,300 employees, of which 1,700 work in Denmark. The company specializes in technologies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, supplying technology, catalysts, and services for the global energy transition. That includes proprietary Solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) high-temperature electrolysis technology, the production of heterogeneous catalysts and the design of process plants based on catalytic processes. Focus areas include hard-to-abate sectors such as heavy industry (steel and iron, chemicals, cement), long-haul transportation (aviation, shipping, trucking) and clean fuels (bio-diesel and ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD). Topsoe is actively involved in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, contributing significantly to the global production of ammonia for fertilizer The headquarters and main research labs are located in Lyngby, a northern suburb of ...
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