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Etymological Dictionary Of The Altaic Languages
The ''Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages'' is a comparative and etymological dictionary of the hypothetical Altaic language family. It was written by linguists Sergei Starostin, Anna Dybo, and , and was published in Leiden in 2003 by Brill Publishers. It contains 3 volumes, and is a part of the ''Handbook of Oriental Studies: Section 8, Uralic and Central Asian Studies; no. 8''. The work was sponsored by the Soros Foundation, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, and the Russian Foundation for Humanities. The work was also supported by Ariel Investments in the ''Tower of Babel'' project. All work was conducted within Starostin's STARLING database, available online. Contents The ''Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages'' contains 2,800 etymologies, among which half were newly developed by the team over 10 years.Starostin, S.A., Dybo, Anna V., and Mudrak, O.A. BRILL, Leiden, 2003. There is an introduction at the beginning detailing the authors' defens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Starostin
Sergei Anatolyevich Starostin (; March 24, 1953 – September 30, 2005) was a Russian historical linguistics, historical linguist and philology, philologist, perhaps best known for his reconstructions of hypothetical proto-languages, including his work on the controversial Altaic languages, Altaic theory, the formulation of the Dené–Caucasian languages, Dené–Caucasian hypothesis, and the proposal of a Borean languages, Borean language of still earlier date. None of his proposed Macrofamily, macrofamilies have seen wide-scale acceptance in the linguistic community (and are mostly seen as implausible). Theories In 1986, Starostin and Igor M. Diakonoff suggested that the Hurro-Urartian languages belong to the Northeast Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian language family. Starostin also helped with reconstructions Proto-Kiranti, Tibeto-Burman, Proto-Tibeto-Burman, Yeniseian languages, Proto-Yeniseian, North Caucasian languages, Proto-North-Caucasian, and Proto-Altaic lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 Books
3 (three) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4, and is the smallest odd prime number and the only prime preceding a square number. It has religious and cultural significance in many societies. Evolution of the Arabic digit The use of three lines to denote the number 3 occurred in many writing systems, including some (like Roman and Chinese numerals) that are still in use. That was also the original representation of 3 in the Brahmic (Indian) numerical notation, its earliest forms aligned vertically. However, during the Gupta Empire the sign was modified by the addition of a curve on each line. The Nāgarī script rotated the lines clockwise, so they appeared horizontally, and ended each line with a short downward stroke on the right. In cursive script, the three strokes were eventually connected to form a glyph resembling a with an additional stroke at the bottom: ३. The Indian digits spread to the Caliphate in the 9th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comparative Linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness. Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development. Methods The fundamental technique of comparative linguistics is to compare phonological systems, morphological systems, syntax and the lexicon of two or more languages using techniques such as the comparative method. In principle, eve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roy Andrew Miller
Roy Andrew Miller (September 5, 1924 – August 22, 2014) was an American linguist best known as the author of several books on Japanese language and linguistics, and for his advocacy of Korean and Japanese as members of the proposed Altaic language family. Biography Miller was born in Winona, Minnesota, on September 5, 1924, to Andrew and Jessie (née Eickelberry) Miller. In 1953, he completed a Ph.D. in Chinese and Japanese at Columbia University in New York. Long a student of languages, his early work in the 1950s was largely with Chinese and Tibetan. For example, in 1969 he wrote the Encyclopædia Britannica entry on the Tibeto-Burman languages of South Asia. He was Professor of Linguistics at the International Christian University in Tokyo from 1955 to 1963. Subsequently he taught at Yale University; between 1964 and 1970, he was chairman of the department of East and South Asian Languages and Literatures. From 1970 until 1989 he held a similar post at the Univ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefan Georg
Ralf-Stefan Georg (November 7, 1962 in Bottrop) is a German linguist. He is currently Professor at the University of Bonn in Bonn, Germany, for Altaic Linguistics and Culture Studies. Education Georg earned an M.A. in Mongolian Linguistics, Indo-European and Semitic Linguistics at Bonn University (1990), and later completed his Ph.D. (Central Asian Studies, Indo-European and Manchu Studies), with a descriptive grammar of the Thakali language (a Tibeto-Burman language of Mustang in Mid-Western Nepal), at the same institution (1995). Research Since 1992, Georg has been engaged in linguistic fieldwork and the writing of descriptive grammars of unwritten/endangered/understudied languages. Apart from a grammar of a Thakali dialect, he has co-authored a grammar of Itelmen ( Chukchi–Kamchatkan language family) and written a grammar of Ket (Yeniseian languages), as well as shorter grammatical descriptions of Ordos Mongolian and Huzhu Mongghul (a variety of the so-called Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khalaj Language
Khalaj is a Turkic language spoken in Iran. Although it contains many old Turkic elements, it has become widely Persianized. Khalaj has about 150 words of uncertain origin. Surveys have found that most young Khalaj parents do not pass the language on to their children; only 5% of families teach their children the language. The Khalaj language is a descendant of an old Turkic language called Arghu. The 11th-century Turkic lexicographer Mahmud al-Kashgari was the first person to give written examples of the Khalaj language, which are mostly interchangeable with modern Khalaj. Gerhard Doerfer, who first scientifically described Khalaj, demonstrated that it was an independent branch from Common Turkic. Classification The Turkic languages are a language family of at least 35 documented languages spoken by the Turkic peoples. While initially thought to be closely related to Azerbaijani, linguistic studies, particularly those done by Gerhard Doerfer, led to the reclassifica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Mongol
Middle Mongol or Middle Mongolian was a Mongolic languages, Mongolic koiné language spoken in the Mongol Empire. Originating from Genghis Khan's home region of Northeastern Mongolia, it diversified into several Mongolic languages after the collapse of the empire. In comparison to Mongolian language, Modern Mongolian, it is known to have had no Vowel length, long vowels, different vowel harmony and verbal systems and a slightly different case system. Definition and historical predecessors Middle Mongolian closely resembles Proto-Mongolic, the reconstructed last common ancestor of the modern Mongolic languages, which dates it to shortly after the time when Genghis Khan united a number of tribes under his command and formed the Khamag Mongol. The term "Middle Mongol" or "Middle Mongolian" is somewhat misleading, since it is the earliest directly-attested (as opposed to reconstructed) ancestor of Modern Mongolian, and would therefore be termed "Old Mongolian" under the usual conve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongolic Languages
The Mongolic languages are a language family spoken by the Mongolic peoples in North Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe mostly in Mongolia and surrounding areas and in Kalmykia and Buryatia. The best-known member of this language family, Mongolian, is the primary language of most of the residents of Mongolia and the Mongol residents of Inner Mongolia, with an estimated 5.7+ million speakers. History The possible precursor to Mongolic is the Xianbei language, heavily influenced by the Proto-Turkic (later, the Lir-Turkic) language. The stages of historical Mongolic are: * Pre-Proto-Mongolic, from approximately the 4th century AD until the 12th century AD, influenced by Shaz-Turkic. * Proto-Mongolic, from approximately the 13th century, spoken around the time of Chinggis Khan. * Middle Mongol, from the 13th century until the early 15th century or late 16th century, depending on classification spoken. (Given the almost entire lack of written sources for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ariel Investments
Ariel Investments is an investment company located in Chicago, Illinois. It specializes in small and mid-capitalized stocks based in the United States. History Ariel was founded as Ariel Capital Management in 1983 by John W. Rogers, Jr., who is chairman, co-CEO and chief investment officer of the company. Rogers started the firm with a small-cap value mutual fund, called the Ariel Fund. Rogers remains the lead manager on the Ariel Fund. In 2002, Ariel started the mid-cap value-oriented Ariel Appreciation Fund mutual fund, which the firm's then-vice chairman, Eric McKissack, managed until McKissack's departure in 2002. From 2012 until 2025, Rogers was the lead manager on the Ariel Appreciation Fund. Rogers stepped down from the management of that fund as of February 1, 2025. Longtime Chicago investment banker Charlie Bobrinskoy signed on as Ariel's vice chairman in 2004. Bobrinskoy began managing his own all-cap concentrated mutual fund, the Ariel Focus Fund, in 2005. In May ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Dybo
Anna Vladimirovna Dybo (, born June 4, 1959) is a Russian linguist, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and co-author (with Sergei Starostin Sergei Anatolyevich Starostin (; March 24, 1953 – September 30, 2005) was a Russian historical linguistics, historical linguist and philology, philologist, perhaps best known for his reconstructions of hypothetical proto-languages, including hi ...) of the '' Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages'' (2003), which encompasses some 3,000 Proto-Altaic stems. She is the daughter of Vladimir Dybo. Selected works *2003. With Sergei A. Starostin and Oleg A. Mudrak. '' Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages'', 3 volumes. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers. *2005. "Dental explosives in Proto-Turkic" (in Russian). ''Aspects of Comparative Linguistics'' 1 (2005), 49-82. Moscow: RSUH Publishers. *2007. "Reconstruction of Proto-Oguz Conjugation" (in Russian). ''Aspects of Comparative Linguistics'' 2 (2007), 259-280. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Foundation For Humanities
Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a book by Hedrick Smith *Russian (comics), fictional Marvel Comics supervillain from ''The Punisher'' series *Russian (solitaire), a card game * "Russians" (song), from the album ''The Dream of the Blue Turtles'' by Sting *"Russian", from the album ''Tubular Bells 2003'' by Mike Oldfield *"Russian", from the album '' '' by Caravan Palace *Nik Russian, the perpetrator of a con committed in 2002 See also * *Russia (other) *Rus (other) Rus or RUS may refer to: People * East Slavic historical peoples (). See Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia ** Rus' people, the people of Rus' ** Rus, a legendary eponymous ancestor, see Lech, Czech and Rus * Rus (surname), a surname found in ... * Rossiysky (other) * Russian Rive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
