|
Eryngium Longifolium
''Eryngium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. There are about 250 species. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with centres of diversity in the western Mediterranean, South America and Mexico.Calviño, C.I., Martínez, S.G. & Downie, S.R. (2008) The evolutionary history of ''Eryngium'' (''Apiaceae'', ''Saniculoideae''): rapid radiations, long distance dispersals, and hybridizations. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 46(3): 1129–1150. Common names include eryngo and sea holly (though not to be confused with true hollies, of the genus ''Ilex''). These are annual and perennial herbs with hairless and usually spiny leaves. The dome-shaped umbels of steely blue or white flowers have whorls of spiny basal bracts. European and Asian species tend to be native to dry, rocky and coastal areas, and the American species are native to often damp grasslands. In the language of flowers, they represent admiration. Systematics Taxonomic history The genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eryngium Bourgatii
''Eryngium bourgatii'', the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean sea holly (also known as Pyrenean eryngo), is a species of flowering plant in the family (biology), family Apiaceae native plant, native to Andorra, southern France, France, Spain, and Morocco. It is an herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plant, perennial, growing to tall. The spherical, blue flowerheads have typically spiny bracts. The species was named after a French people, French medical doctor named Bourgat who collected plants in the Pyrenees in the company of Antoine Gouan, the author of the species, between 1766 and 1767. ''Eryngium bourgatii'' is fairly common in Spain, where it may be found growing as far south as Andalusia, Andalucía and further inland in Castile and León, as well as in the Community of Madrid and in Extremadura, among other locations. However, the plant is mostly found within the Pyrenees and in Spain's northern coastal regions—hence the common name Pyrenean eryngo—where it is kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Admiration
Admiration is a social emotion felt by observing people of competence, talent, virtuous actions, or skill exceeding standards.Algoe, S. B., & Haidt, J. (2009). Witnessing excellence in action: The ‘other-praising’ emotions of elevation, gratitude, and admiration. The journal of positive psychology, 4(2), 105–127. Admiration facilitates social learning in groups.Haidt, J., & Seder, P. (2009). Admiration and Awe. Oxford Companion to Affective Science (pp. 4–5). New York: Oxford University Press. Admiration motivates self-improvement through learning from role-models.Smith, R. H. (2000). Assimilative and contrastive emotional reactions to upward and downward social comparisons. Handbook of social comparison: Theory and research, 173–200. Admiration is not automatically induced, but is built from active mental evaluations of social and real world knowledge. Definition Sara Algoe and Jonathan Haidt include admiration in the category of other-praising emotions, alongside aw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François-Étienne De La Roche
François-Étienne de La Roche (or Delaroche) (9 December 1781 – 23 December 1813) was a Genevan physician, naturalist, chemist, botanist and ichthyologist. Early life and family He was born in Geneva to Marie Castanet and Daniel de La Roche, and was the youngest of three children. His father was an Edinburgh-trained physician, botanist, and medical translator from Geneva, who was friends with Louis Odier, the Swiss physician, medical translator and publisher. After working in Geneva, the family moved to Paris where de La Roche senior was physician to the Duke of Orléans, and later at the :fr:Rue du Faubourg-Saint-Martin health centre. Career De La Roche studied at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Paris where, in 1806, he completed his medical thesis on the effects of strong heat on animal husbandry. He became a physician at ''L'Hôpital Necker''. He collected and studied fish on an expedition to the Spanish Balearic islands between October 1807 and May 1808; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio José Cavanilles
Antonio José Cavanilles (16 January 1745 – 5 May 1804) was a leading Spanish taxonomic botanist, artist and one of the most important figures in the 18th century period of Enlightenment in Spain. Cavanilles is most famous for his 2-volume book on Spanish flora, published in 1795 and titled ‘Observations on the Natural History, Geography and Agriculture of the Kingdom of Valencia’.He named many plants, particularly from Oceania. He named at least 100 genera, about 54 of which were still used in 2004, including ''Dahlia'', '' Calycera'', '' Cobaea'', '' Galphimia'', and '' Oleandra''. Biography Cavanilles was born in Valencia. He lived in Paris from 1777 to 1781, where he followed careers as a clergyman and a botanist, thanks to André Thouin and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. He was one of the first Spanish scientists to use the classification method invented by Carl Linnaeus. Early life and education Antonio José Cavanilles was born on January 16, 1745, in Valenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with Naturalism (philosophy), natural laws. Lamarck fought in the Seven Years' War against Prussia, and was awarded a commission for bravery on the battlefield. Posted to Monaco, Lamarck became interested in natural history and resolved to study medicine.#Packard, Packard (1901), p. 15. He retired from the army after being injured in 1766, and returned to his medical studies. Lamarck developed a particular interest in botany, and later, after he published the three-volume work ''Flore françoise'' (1778), he gained membership of the French Academy of Sciences in 1779. Lamarck became involved in the Jardin des Plantes and was appointed to the Chair of Botany in 1788. When the French Nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonard Plukenet
Leonard Plukenet (1641–1706) was an English botanist, Royal Professor of Botany and gardener to Queen Mary. Biography Plukenet published ''Phytographia'' (London, 1691–1696) in four parts in which he described and illustrated rare exotic plants. It is a copiously illustrated work of more than 2 700 figures and is frequently cited in books and papers from the 17th century to the present. He collaborated with John Ray in the second volume of ''Historia Plantarum'' (London, 1686–1704). Paul Dietrich Giseke (1741–1796) compared Plukenet's species with those of Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ... in ''Index Linnaeanus'' (Hamburg, 1779). ''Pluk. mant.'', refers to the third volume (London, 1700) of the first edition of ''Historia Plantarum'', the whol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Hernández De Toledo
Francisco Hernández de Toledo (c. 1515 – 28 January 1587) was a naturalist and court physician to Philip II of Spain. He was among the first wave of Spanish Renaissance physicians practicing according to the revived principles formulated by Hippocrates, Galen and Avicenna. Francisco Hernández was born at La Puebla de Montalbán in the Province of Toledo, probably around 1515. Nothing is known of his parents or other family. His original surname was Fernando which he changed to Hernando in 1570 and then changed again to Hernández, the name he used until his death in 1587. In 1530 he began to study medicine at the University of Alcalá and received a bachelor's degree in 1536. After graduation, Hernández served as physician to the Duke of Maqueda in Toledo and later practiced medicine in Seville where he married Juana Díaz with whom he had two children, Juan Hernández and María of Sotomayor. From 1556 to 1560 Hernández served as a physician at the ''Hospital y Monasterio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonhart Fuchs
Leonhart Fuchs (; 17 January 1501 – 10 May 1566), sometimes spelled Leonhard Fuchs and cited in Latin as ''Leonhartus Fuchsius'', was a German physician and botanist. His chief notability is as the author of a large book about plants and their uses as medicines, a herbal, which was first published in 1542 in Latin. It has about 500 accurate and detailed drawings of plants, which were printed from woodcuts. The drawings are the book's most notable advance on its predecessors. Although drawings had been used in other herbal books, Fuchs's book proved and emphasized high-quality drawings as the most telling way to specify what a plant name stands for. Life Fuchs was born in 1501 in Wemding (Marktplatz 5), near Donauwörth in Donau-Ries in the then Duchy of Bavaria, as the youngest son of Johann (Hans) Fuchs and his wife Anna Denten. His father was the town Burgomaster, and both parents came from families of municipal councillors (''Ratsherr''). The exact date of his bir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Brunfels
Otto Brunfels (also known as Brunsfels or Braunfels) (believed to be born in 1488 – 23 November 1534) was a German theologian and botanist. Carl von Linné listed him among the "Fathers of Botany". Life After studying theology and philosophy at the University of Mainz, Brunfels entered a Carthusian monastery in Mainz and later resettled to another Carthusian monastery at Königshofen near Strasbourg. In Strasbourg he got in contact with a learned lawyer Nikolaus Gerbel (they met in person in 1519). Gerbel drew Brunfels' attention to the healing powers of plants and thus gave the impetus to the further botanical investigations. After the conversion to Protestantism (supported by Franz von Sickingen and Ulrich von Hutten), upon the insistence of the Dean of Frankfurt Johann Indagine, Brunfels became a minister at Steinau an der Straße (1521) and later, in Neuenburg am Rhein. After that he served for eight years as the head of a Carmelite school in Strasbourg. In the list o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedanius Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides (, ; 40–90 AD), "the father of pharmacognosy", was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of (in the original , , both meaning "On Medical Material") , a 5-volume Greek encyclopedic pharmacopeia on herbal medicine and related medicinal substances, that was widely read for more than 1,500 years. For almost two millennia Dioscorides was regarded as the most prominent writer on plants and plant drugs. Life A native of Anazarbus, Cilicia, Asia Minor, Dioscorides likely studied medicine nearby at the school in Tarsus, which had a pharmacological emphasis, and he dedicated his medical books to Laecanius Arius, a medical practitioner there. Though he writes he lived a "soldier's life" or "soldier-like life", his pharmacopeia refers almost solely to plants found in the Greek-speaking eastern Mediterranean, making it likely that he served in campaigns, or travelled in a civilian capacity, less widely as supposed. The name Pedanius is Roman, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theophrastus
Theophrastus (; ; c. 371 – c. 287 BC) was an ancient Greek Philosophy, philosopher and Natural history, naturalist. A native of Eresos in Lesbos, he was Aristotle's close colleague and successor as head of the Lyceum (classical), Lyceum, the Peripatetic school, Peripatetic school of philosophy in Athens. Theophrastus wrote numerous treatises across all areas of philosophy, working to support, improve, expand, and develop Aristotelian system, the Aristotelian system. He made significant contributions to various fields, including ethics, metaphysics, botany, and natural history. Often considered the "father of botany" for his groundbreaking works "Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus), Enquiry into Plants" () and "On the Causes of Plants", () Theophrastus established the foundations of Botany, botanical science. His given name was (Ancient Greek: ); the nickname Theophrastus ("divine speaker") was reputedly given to him by Aristotle in recognition of his eloquent style. He came to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institutiones Rei Herbariae
''Institutiones rei herbariae'' (), originally published in French as ''Eléments de botanique'',The full title was ''Eléments de botanique, ou Méthode pour reconnaître les Plantes'' () is a 1700 Latin-language botanical Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ... compendium. The book was the principal work of Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, a French botanist credited with establishing the modern concept of the genus. Contents As a part of the book's introduction, Tournefort included what may be the first recorded history of botany, titled ''Isagoge in rem herbarium''. In it, some of the most important botanical authors are noted, and brief biographies are given for each. In the 1694 edition ''Eléments de botanique'', Tournefort argued against John Ray, John Ray's concep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
