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Empress Xia (Ming Dynasty)
Empress Xiaojingyi (1492 – 26 February 1535), of the Xia clan, was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, married to the Zhengde Emperor. Biography Lady Xia was the daughter of Xia Ru (夏儒), and she was virtuous and elegant. She was from the district Shangyuan (in present Nanjing). In 1506, she was selected to become the first consort and empress of the emperor. She had no issue and when her spouse died childless in 1521, he was succeeded by his cousin Jiajing. She was given the title Empress Zhuangsu, because she couldn't be an empress dowager.GOODRICH, L. Carington; Fang Chaoying, et al., Dictionary of Ming biografi, 1368-1644. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976. xxi + 1751 s. (1 vol.) 023103833X (vol. 2). Titles *During the reign of the Hongzhi Emperor (r. 1487–1505) **Lady Xia (夏氏; from 1492) *During the reign of the Zhengde Emperor (r. 1505–1521) **Empress (皇后; from 1506) *During the reign of the Jiajing Emperor The Jiajing Emperor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xia (surname)
Xia is the Standard Chinese, Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written in Chinese character. It is romanized Hsia in Wade–Giles, and Ha in Cantonese. Xia is the 154th surname in the Song dynasty Chinese classics, classic text ''Hundred Family Surnames''. As of 2008, it is the 66th most common Chinese surname, shared by 3.7 million people. Notable people * Xia Zhengshu (:zh:夏征舒, 夏征舒; died 598 BC), Minister of the State of Chen who killed Duke Ling of Chen and usurped the throne * Consort Xia (:zh:夏姬 (秦孝文王), 夏姬; died 240 BC), mother of King Zhuangxiang of Qin and grandmother of Qin Shi Huang * Empress Dowager Xia (6th century), mother of Emperor Jing of Liang * Xia Luqi (882–930), Later Tang general * Xia Song (:zh:夏竦, 夏竦; 985–1051), Song dynasty general, Duke of Ying * Empress Xia (Song dynasty) (died 1167), wife of Emperor Xiaozong of Song * Xia Gui (fl. 1195–1224), Song dynasty painter * Xia Yuanji (1366–1430), Ming d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhengde Emperor
The Zhengde Emperor (26 October 149120 April 1521), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Wuzong of Ming, personal name Zhu Houzhao, was the 11th List of emperors of the Ming dynasty, emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1505 to 1521. He succeeded his father, the Hongzhi Emperor. The Zhengde Emperor was the eldest and only surviving son of the Hongzhi Emperor. As the crown prince, he received a Confucian education and was known for his intelligence during his studies. However, upon taking power, it became evident that he had a strong aversion to the Confucian-oriented bureaucracy and rejected the rituals and duties associated with it. He frequently clashed with ministers and grand secretaries, instead relying on eunuchs, particularly the "Eight Tigers", with whom he had grown up. From 1506 to 1510, the eunuch Liu Jin effectively controlled the government, appointing his allies and supporters to important positions. The emperor even moved out of the Forbidden City t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Imperial Consorts
The following is a list of empresses and queens consort of China. China has periodically been divided into kingdoms as well as united under empires, resulting in consorts titled both queen and empress. The empress title could also be given posthumously. Empresses and queens consort The title of empress consort (, ''húanghòu'') could also be given posthumously. The posthumous empresses are listed separately by the year they were given the title. Zhou dynasty Western Han dynasty Xin dynasty Eastern Han dynasty * AD 26–41: Guo Shengtong * 41–57: Empress Yin Lihua * 60–75: Empress Ma * 78–88: Empress Dou * 96–102: Empress Yin * 102–106: Empress Deng Sui * 108–125: Empress Yan Ji * 132–144: Empress Liang Na * 147–159: Empress Liang Nüying * 159–165: Empress Deng Mengnü * 165–168: Empress Dou Miao * 171–178: Empress Song * 180–189: Empress He * 195–214: Empress Fu Shou * 215–220: Empress Cao Jie Three Kingdoms period Cao Wei * 222– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Zhang (Hongzhi)
Empress Xiaochengjing (1471– 28 August 1541), of the Zhang clan, was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, married to the Hongzhi Emperor and mother of the Zhengde Emperor. Empress Empress Zhang was the daughter of Zhang Luan (張巒). She was born and in Xingji (nowadays Qing county, Hebei province). In 1487, she married then-Crown Prince Youcheng and was thus give the title of crown princess. She was created empress when her husband succeeded the throne later that year. She remains the only empress to an adult emperor who had no concubines in Chinese history. The emperor did not want other wives or concubines because he is said to have loved her sincerely. Empress Zhang was described as a "foolish and demanding woman, capable of no more than petty faults", but those included a constant desire for expensive objects, credulity about the teachings of the most specious Buddhist and Taoïst clerics, and limitless favour for her family, especially her two unrestrainedly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Chen (Jiajing)
Empress Xiaojiesu (1508–1528), of the Chen clan, was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, first empress to the Jiajing Emperor. She was the daughter of a local scholar named Chen Wanyang (d. 1535). She was selected in to the palace of the Jiajing Emperor in 1522. Later that year, she was appointed empress upon the wish of the emperor's aunt, the Empress Dowager Zhang. Because of the tense personal relationship between the Emperor and his aunt, however, he did not take a liking to Chen. In 1528, she became pregnant. During her pregnancy, the Emperor kicked her repeatedly in a fit of rage and caused her to fatally miscarry. The Emperor did not permit her to be buried in the imperial mausoleum: this was not done before 1567.Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644 Titles *During the reign of the Zhengde Emperor (r. 1505–1521) **Lady Chen (陳氏; from 1508) *During the reign of the Jiajing Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump state, rump regimes ruled by remnants of the House of Zhu, Ming imperial family, collectively called the Southern Ming, survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the naval history of China, navy's dockyards in Nanjing were the largest in the world. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hongzhi Emperor
The Hongzhi Emperor (30 July 1470 – 9 June 1505), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, personal name Zhu Youcheng, was the tenth emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1487 to 1505. He succeeded his father, the Chenghua Emperor. The Hongzhi Emperor was born during a time in which his father's favorite concubine, Lady Wan, and her supporters were eliminating all potential heirs to the throne. The former empress protected the young prince from Lady Wan, and he did not reunite with his father until the age of five, when he was named crown prince. From a young age, he displayed exceptional intelligence and excelled in his studies, receiving a comprehensive Confucian education. After ascending the throne in 1487, the emperor's administration was guided by Confucian ideology, and he himself was known for his diligence and hard work. He closely oversaw all state affairs, implementing measures such as reducing taxes and government spending, and appoin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiajing Emperor
The Jiajing Emperor (16September 150723January 1567), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizong of Ming, personal name Zhu Houcong, art name, art names Yaozhai, Leixuan, and Tianchi Diaosou, was the 12th List of emperors of the Ming dynasty, emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1521 to 1567. He succeeded his cousin, the Zhengde Emperor. The Jiajing Emperor was born as a cousin of the reigning Zhengde Emperor, so his accession to the throne was unexpected, but when the Zhengde Emperor died without an heir, the government, led by Senior Grand Secretary Yang Tinghe and Empress Zhang (Hongzhi), Empress Dowager Zhang, chose him as the new ruler. After his enthronement, a dispute arose between the emperor and his officials regarding the method of legalizing his accession. This conflict, known as the Great Rites Controversy, was a significant political issue at the beginning of his reign. After three years, the emperor emerged victorious, with his main opponents eithe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Consorts
The following is a list of empresses and queens consort of China. China has periodically been divided into kingdoms as well as united under empires, resulting in consorts titled both queen and empress. The empress title could also be given posthumously. Empresses and queens consort The title of empress consort (, ''húanghòu'') could also be given posthumously. The posthumous empresses are listed separately by the year they were given the title. Zhou dynasty Western Han dynasty Xin dynasty Eastern Han dynasty * AD 26–41: Guo Shengtong * 41–57: Empress Yin Lihua * 60–75: Empress Ma * 78–88: Empress Dou * 96–102: Empress Yin * 102–106: Empress Deng Sui * 108–125: Empress Yan Ji * 132–144: Empress Liang Na * 147–159: Empress Liang Nüying * 159–165: Empress Deng Mengnü * 165–168: Empress Dou Miao * 171–178: Empress Song * 180–189: Empress He * 195–214: Empress Fu Shou * 215–220: Empress Cao Jie Three Kingdoms period Cao Wei * 22 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Xiaochengjing
Empress Xiaochengjing (1471– 28 August 1541), of the Zhang clan, was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, married to the Hongzhi Emperor and mother of the Zhengde Emperor. Empress Empress Zhang was the daughter of Zhang Luan (張巒). She was born and in Xingji (nowadays Qing county, Hebei province). In 1487, she married then-Crown Prince Youcheng and was thus give the title of crown princess. She was created empress when her husband succeeded the throne later that year. She remains the only empress to an adult emperor who had no concubines in Chinese history. The emperor did not want other wives or concubines because he is said to have loved her sincerely. Empress Zhang was described as a "foolish and demanding woman, capable of no more than petty faults", but those included a constant desire for expensive objects, credulity about the teachings of the most specious Buddhist and Taoïst clerics, and limitless favour for her family, especially her two unrestrainedly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Xiaojiesu
Empress Xiaojiesu (1508–1528), of the Chen clan, was a Chinese empress consort of the Ming dynasty, first empress to the Jiajing Emperor. She was the daughter of a local scholar named Chen Wanyang (d. 1535). She was selected in to the palace of the Jiajing Emperor in 1522. Later that year, she was appointed empress upon the wish of the emperor's aunt, the Empress Dowager Zhang. Because of the tense personal relationship between the Emperor and his aunt, however, he did not take a liking to Chen. In 1528, she became pregnant. During her pregnancy, the Emperor kicked her repeatedly in a fit of rage and caused her to fatally miscarry. The Emperor did not permit her to be buried in the imperial mausoleum: this was not done before 1567.Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644 Titles *During the reign of the Zhengde Emperor (r. 1505–1521) **Lady Chen (陳氏; from 1508) *During the reign of the Jiajing Em ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1492 Births
Year 1492 ( MCDXCII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. 1492 is considered to be a significant year in the history of the West, Europe, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Spain, and the New World, among others, because of the number of significant events that took place. The events which propelled the year into Western consciousness, listed below, include the completion of the Reconquista of Spain, Europe's (Spain) discovery of the New World, and the expulsion of Jews from Spain. Events Known dates * January 2 – Fall of Granada: Muhammad XII, the last Emir of Granada, surrenders his city to the army of the Catholic Monarchs (Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile) after a lengthy siege, ending the ten-year Granada War and the centuries-long Reconquista, and bringing an end to 780 years of Muslim control in Al-Andalus. * January 6 – Ferdinand and Isabella enter Granada. * January 15 – Christopher Columbus meets Ferdinand a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
