Echinochasmus Rugosus

	Echinochasmus Rugosus ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. ''Echinochasmus dietzevi'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology'', 27(4), 347–355. ''Echinochasmus mohiuddini'' Dharejo, Bilqees & Khan, 2007Dharejo, A. M., Bilqees, F. M. & Khan, M. M. (2007). ''Echinochasmus mohiuddini'', new species (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the paddy bird ''Ardeola grayii'' (Ardeidae) of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Trematoda Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as trematodes, and commonly as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is a mollusk, usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate classes: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. Etymology Trematodes are commonly referred to as flukes. This term can be traced back to the Old English name for flounder, and refers to the flattened, rhomboidal shape of the organisms. The etymology of trematode stems from the Greek word ''trēmatṓdēs'', which means "pierced with holes", and refers to the worm's sucker, which pierces a hole in the host while the worm is attached and feeding. Taxonomy There are 18,000 to 24,000 known species of trematodes, divided into two subclasses — the Aspidogastrea and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Family (biology) Family (, : ) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". The delineation of what constitutes a family—or whether a described family should be acknowledged—is established and decided upon by active taxonomists. There are not strict regulations for outlining or acknowledging a family, yet in the realm of plants, these classifications often rely on both the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of plant species. Taxonomists frequently hold varying perspectives on these descriptions, leading to a lack of widespread consensus within the scientific community ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ... of trematodes in the order Plagiorchiida. Genera '' Echinochasmus'' Dietz, 1909Dietz, E. (1909). Die Echinostomatiden der Vogel. ''Zoologiscne Anzeiger'', 34, 180–192. '' Stephanoprora'' Odhner, 1902Odhner, T. (1902). Trematoden aus Reptilien nebst allgemeinen systematischen Bemerkungen. ''Öfversigt af Konglige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm'', 1, 19–45. References Echinostomata Trematode families {{trematoda-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Cohensi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideal .... Species '' Echinochasmus cohensi'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. '' Echinochasmus dietzevi'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). '' Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Dietzevi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by ...'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. '' Echinochasmus dietzevi'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). '' Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Donaldsoni ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. ''Echinochasmus dietzevi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Soci ...'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). '' Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Schwartzi ''Echinochasmus schwartzi'' is a fluke that infects dogs (''Canis lupus familiaris''), muskrats (''Ondatra zibethicus''), and marsh rice rats (''Oryzomys palustris''). It uses ''Fundulus'' fish as its intermediate host In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include ....Kinsella, 1988, p. 277 Adults are similar to '' Echinochasmus microcaudatus'', but differ in features of the oral sucker.Ditrich et al., 1996, p. 234 References Literature cited Ditrich, O., Scholz, T. and Vargas-Vázquez, J. 1996Life-cycle of ''Echinochasmus macrocaudatus'' n. sp. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae)(subscription required). Systematic Parasitology 33(3):225–235. Kinsella, J.M. 1988. Comparison of helminths of rice rats, ''Oryzomys palustris'', from freshwater and saltwater marshes in Flori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

	Echinochasmus Rugosus ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. ''Echinochasmus dietzevi'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology'', 27(4), 347–355. ''Echinochasmus mohiuddini'' Dharejo, Bilqees & Khan, 2007Dharejo, A. M., Bilqees, F. M. & Khan, M. M. (2007). ''Echinochasmus mohiuddini'', new species (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the paddy bird ''Ardeola grayii'' (Ardeidae) of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Trematoda Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as trematodes, and commonly as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is a mollusk, usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate classes: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. Etymology Trematodes are commonly referred to as flukes. This term can be traced back to the Old English name for flounder, and refers to the flattened, rhomboidal shape of the organisms. The etymology of trematode stems from the Greek word ''trēmatṓdēs'', which means "pierced with holes", and refers to the worm's sucker, which pierces a hole in the host while the worm is attached and feeding. Taxonomy There are 18,000 to 24,000 known species of trematodes, divided into two subclasses — the Aspidogastrea and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Family (biology) Family (, : ) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". The delineation of what constitutes a family—or whether a described family should be acknowledged—is established and decided upon by active taxonomists. There are not strict regulations for outlining or acknowledging a family, yet in the realm of plants, these classifications often rely on both the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of plant species. Taxonomists frequently hold varying perspectives on these descriptions, leading to a lack of widespread consensus within the scientific community ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ... of trematodes in the order Plagiorchiida. Genera '' Echinochasmus'' Dietz, 1909Dietz, E. (1909). Die Echinostomatiden der Vogel. ''Zoologiscne Anzeiger'', 34, 180–192. '' Stephanoprora'' Odhner, 1902Odhner, T. (1902). Trematoden aus Reptilien nebst allgemeinen systematischen Bemerkungen. ''Öfversigt af Konglige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar, Stockholm'', 1, 19–45. References Echinostomata Trematode families {{trematoda-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Cohensi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideal .... Species '' Echinochasmus cohensi'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. '' Echinochasmus dietzevi'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). '' Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Dietzevi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by ...'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. '' Echinochasmus dietzevi'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). '' Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Donaldsoni ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' Rao, 1951Rao, N. S. K. (1951). ''Echinochasmus cohensi'' n. sp. (family Echinostomatidae, subfamily Echinochasminae) from the sea gull, ''Larus argentatus''. ''Canadian Journal of Zoology'', 29(3), 215–218. ''Echinochasmus dietzevi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae. Species ''Echinochasmus cohensi ''Echinochasmus'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Echinochasmidae Echinochasmidae is a family Family (from ) is a Soci ...'' Issaitschikov, 1927Issaitschikov, I. M. (1927). Russian Helminthological Expedition in the Crimea. In ''Reports of the 28 Helminthological Expeditions in the USSR'' (pp. 110–125). '' Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' Beaver, 1941Beaver, P. C. (1941). The life history of ''Echinochasmus donaldsoni'' n. sp., a trematode (Echinostomatidae) from the pied-billed grebe. ''The Journal of Parasitology'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Echinochasmus Schwartzi ''Echinochasmus schwartzi'' is a fluke that infects dogs (''Canis lupus familiaris''), muskrats (''Ondatra zibethicus''), and marsh rice rats (''Oryzomys palustris''). It uses ''Fundulus'' fish as its intermediate host In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include ....Kinsella, 1988, p. 277 Adults are similar to '' Echinochasmus microcaudatus'', but differ in features of the oral sucker.Ditrich et al., 1996, p. 234 References Literature cited Ditrich, O., Scholz, T. and Vargas-Vázquez, J. 1996Life-cycle of ''Echinochasmus macrocaudatus'' n. sp. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae)(subscription required). Systematic Parasitology 33(3):225–235. Kinsella, J.M. 1988. Comparison of helminths of rice rats, ''Oryzomys palustris'', from freshwater and saltwater marshes in Flori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]