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Durak (Turkish Makam Theory)
Durak (also known as Karar), in Turkish makam theory, is the initial note of the first tetrachord or pentachord in the diatonic scale In music theory a diatonic scale is a heptatonic scale, heptatonic (seven-note) scale that includes five whole steps (whole tones) and two half steps (semitones) in each octave, in which the two half steps are separated from each other by eith ..., and the tonic note which always concludes a composition within a makam. See also * Final (music) * Tiz Durak * Güçlü * Yeden * Donanım * Seyir * Şifre References {{Turkish makam theory, state=collapsed Ottoman classical music Music of Turkey Maqam-based music tradition Turkish words and phrases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkish Makam
The Turkish makam ( Turkish: ''makam'' pl. ''makamlar''; from the Arabic word ''maqām'' ) is a system of melody types used in Turkish classical music and Turkish folk music. It provides a complex set of rules for composing and performance. Each makam specifies a unique intervalic structure (''cinsler'' meaning genera) and melodic development (''seyir''). Whether a fixed composition ('' beste'', '' şarkı'', '' peşrev'', '' âyin'', etc.) or a spontaneous composition ('' gazel'', '' taksim'', recitation of '' Kuran-ı Kerim'', '' Mevlid'', etc.), all attempt to follow the melody type. The rhythmic counterpart of makam in Turkish music is usul. Geographic and cultural relations The Turkish makam system has some corresponding relationships to maqams in Arabic music and '' echos'' in Byzantine music. Some theories suggest the origin of the makam to be the city of Mosul in Iraq. "Mula Othman Al-Musili," in reference to his city of origin, is said to have served in the Ottoman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musical Note
In music, notes are distinct and isolatable sounds that act as the most basic building blocks for nearly all of music. This musical analysis#Discretization, discretization facilitates performance, comprehension, and musical analysis, analysis. Notes may be visually communicated by writing them in musical notation. Notes can distinguish the general pitch class or the specific Pitch (music), pitch played by a pitched Musical instrument, instrument. Although this article focuses on pitch, notes for unpitched percussion instruments distinguish between different percussion instruments (and/or different manners to sound them) instead of pitch. Note value expresses the relative Duration (music), duration of the note in time. Dynamics (music), Dynamics for a note indicate how Loudness, loud to play them. Articulation (music), Articulations may further indicate how performers should shape the Envelope (music), attack and decay of the note and express fluctuations in a note's timbre and Pit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrachord
In music theory, a tetrachord (; ) is a series of four notes separated by three interval (music), intervals. In traditional music theory, a tetrachord always spanned the interval of a perfect fourth, a 4:3 frequency proportion (approx. 498 cent (music), cents)—but in modern use it means any four-note segment of a scale (music), scale or tone row, not necessarily related to a particular tuning system. History The name comes from ''tetra'' (from Greek—"four of something") and ''chord'' (from Greek ''chordon''—"string" or "note"). In ancient Greek music theory, ''tetrachord'' signified a segment of the Musical system of ancient Greece#Systema ametabolon, an overview of the tone system, greater and lesser perfect systems bounded by ''immovable'' notes (); the notes between these were ''movable'' (). It literally means ''four strings'', originally in reference to harp-like instruments such as the lyre or the kithara, with the implicit understanding that the four strings produced a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentachord
A pentachord in music theory may be either of two things. In pitch-class set theory, a pentachord is defined as any five pitch classes, regarded as an unordered collection . In other contexts, a pentachord may be any consecutive five-note section of a diatonic scale . A pentad is a five-note chord . Under the latter definition, a diatonic scale comprises five non-transpositionally equivalent pentachords rather than seven because the Ionian and Mixolydian pentachords and the Dorian and Aeolian pentachords are intervallically identical (CDEFG=GABCD; DEFGA=ABCDE). The name "pentachord" was also given to a musical instrument, now in disuse, built to the specifications of Sir Edward Walpole. It was demonstrated by Karl Friedrich Abel at his first public concert in London, on 5 April 1759, when it was described as "newly invented" . In the dedication to Walpole of his cello sonatas op. 3, the cellist/composer James Cervetto praised the pentachord, declaring: "I know not a mor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diatonic Scale
In music theory a diatonic scale is a heptatonic scale, heptatonic (seven-note) scale that includes five whole steps (whole tones) and two half steps (semitones) in each octave, in which the two half steps are separated from each other by either two or three whole steps. In other words, the half steps are maximally separated from each other. The seven pitch (music), pitches of any diatonic scale can also be obtained by using a Interval cycle, chain of six perfect fifths. For instance, the seven natural (music), natural pitch classes that form the C-major scale can be obtained from a stack of perfect fifths starting from F: :F–C–G–D–A–E–B. Any sequence of seven successive natural notes, such as C–D–E–F–G–A–B, and any Transposition (music), transposition thereof, is a diatonic scale. Modern musical keyboards are designed so that the white-key notes form a diatonic scale, though transpositions of this diatonic scale require one or more black keys. A diaton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonic (music)
In music, the tonic is the first scale degree () of the diatonic scale (the first note of a scale) and the tonal center or final resolution tone that is commonly used in the final cadence in tonal (musical key-based) classical music, popular music, and traditional music. In the movable do solfège system, the tonic note is sung as ''do''. More generally, the tonic is the note upon which all other notes of a piece are hierarchically referenced. Scales are named after their tonics: for instance, the tonic of the C major scale is the note C. The triad formed on the tonic note, the tonic chord, is thus the most significant chord in these styles of music. In Roman numeral analysis, the tonic chord is typically symbolized by the Roman numeral "" if it is major and by "" if it is minor. These chords may also appear as seventh chords: in major, as M7, or in minor as 7 or rarely M7: The tonic is distinguished from the root, which is the reference note of a chord, rathe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Final (music)
A Gregorian mode (or church mode) is one of the eight systems of pitch organization used in Gregorian chant. History The name of Pope Gregory I was attached to the variety of chant that was to become the dominant variety in medieval western and central Europe (the diocese of Milan was the sole significant exception) by the Frankish cantors reworking Roman ecclesiastical song during the Carolingian period. The theoretical framework of modes arose later to describe the tonal structure of this chant repertory, and is not necessarily applicable to the other European chant dialects ( Old Roman, Mozarabic, Ambrosian, etc.). The repertory of Western plainchant acquired its basic forms between the sixth and early ninth centuries, but there are neither theoretical sources nor notated music from this period. By the late eighth century, a system of eight modal categories, for which there was no precedent in Ancient Greek theory, came to be associated with the repertory of Gregorian ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiz Durak
Tiz or TIZ may refer to: * Tīz, Iran, a village in Iran * Tiz Tiz, Iran, another village in Iran * TIZ (motorcycle), a Russian motorcycle manufacturer * '' TIZ: Tokyo Insect Zoo'', a Sony Playstation game * Mr Tiz, a champion New Zealand thoroughbred racehorse * Tari Airport (IATA Code), in Papua New Guinea * Traffic Information Zone, in a flight information service *Tiz, a respectful Gender Neutral word for Sir ''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as part ... or Ma’am, short for citizen. People with the name Tiz * Katy Tiz (born 1988), English singer-songwriter * Tiz Zaqyah (born 1988), Malaysian actress, model and singer * Tiz Honolulu (2013), My Little Pony artist, and oc {{dab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Güçlü (Turkish Makam Theory)
Güçlü is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Ayhan Güçlü (born 1990), Turkish football forward * Dilaver Güçlü (born 1986), Turkish football midfielder * Mehmet Güçlü (born 1952), Turkish wrestler * Roza Güclü Hedin (born 1982), Swedish politician * Sami Güçlü Sami Güçlü (born September 6, 1950, Konya, Turkey), is a Turkish politician. He is a founding member of the Justice and Development Party. He was the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs The minister of agriculture and rural affairs o ... (born 1950), Turkish politician {{DEFAULTSORT:Guclu Turkish-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeden
Yeden, in Turkish makam theory, is the note preceding the tonic note (Durak) as the leading tone within a makam. History The term Yeden has been first introduced into Turkish makam theory by Rauf Yekta Bey, he considered the Yeden a complementary feature of a makam. Melodic function The Yeden, as with the leading tone in Western classical music, leads to the resolution of a makam. While the Yeden note is generally octave equivalent with the 7th tone within the scale, sometimes it may be a different note. When it is a different note, sometimes its octave equivalent counterpart can be used in the scale, even if it is normally not in the scale. There are three different intervals that a Yeden can have in the 53 Tone Equal Temperament in Turkish makam theory, developed by and named after the Arel-Ezgi-Uzdilek notation. 1. Bakiye The Bakiye is equivalent to 4 Holdrian Commas (90.57 cents), which as a leading tone is slightly sharper than the 100 cent Western leading note. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
