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Dot Notation (other)
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Dot notation may refer to: * Newton's notation for differentiation (see also Notation for differentiation) * Lewis dot notation also known as Electron dot notation * Dot-decimal notation * Kepatihan notation * Dotted note * DOT language Dot notation is also used in: * Lisp (programming language) * Object-oriented programming as syntactic sugar for accessing properties. * Earley algorithm See also * Dot convention In electrical engineering, dot marking convention, or alphanumeric marking convention, or both, can be used to denote the same relative instantaneous polarity of two mutually inductive components such as between transformer windings. These ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newton's Notation
In differential calculus, there is no single standard notation for differentiation. Instead, several notations for the derivative of a function or a dependent variable have been proposed by various mathematicians, including Leibniz, Newton, Lagrange, and Arbogast. The usefulness of each notation depends on the context in which it is used, and it is sometimes advantageous to use more than one notation in a given context. For more specialized settings—such as partial derivatives in multivariable calculus, tensor analysis, or vector calculus—other notations, such as subscript notation or the ∇ operator are common. The most common notations for differentiation (and its opposite operation, antidifferentiation or indefinite integration) are listed below. Leibniz's notation The original notation employed by Gottfried Leibniz is used throughout mathematics. It is particularly common when the equation is regarded as a functional relationship between dependent and independe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notation For Differentiation
In differential calculus, there is no single standard notation for differentiation. Instead, several notations for the derivative of a Function (mathematics), function or a dependent variable have been proposed by various mathematicians, including Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Leibniz, Isaac Newton, Newton, Joseph Louis Lagrange, Lagrange, and Louis François Antoine Arbogast, Arbogast. The usefulness of each notation depends on the context in which it is used, and it is sometimes advantageous to use more than one notation in a given context. For more specialized settings—such as partial derivative, partial derivatives in multivariable calculus, tensor analysis, or vector calculus—other notations, such as subscript notation or the Nabla symbol, ∇ operator are common. The most common notations for differentiation (and its opposite operation, antiderivative, antidifferentiation or antiderivative, indefinite integration) are listed below. Leibniz's notation The original notati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lewis Dot Notation
Lewis structuresalso called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs)are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article ''The Atom and the Molecule'', a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond. Lewis structures show each atom and its position in the structure of the molecule using its chemical symbol. Lines are drawn between atoms that are bonded to one another (pairs of dots can be used instead of lines). Excess electrons that form lone pairs are represented as pairs of dots, and are placed next to the atoms. Although main group elements of the second period and beyond usually react b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dot-decimal Notation
Dot-decimal notation is a presentation format for numerical data. It consists of a string of decimal numbers, using the full stop (''dot'') as a separation character. A common use of dot-decimal notation is in information technology where it is a method of writing numbers in octet-grouped base-10 (decimal) numbers. In computer networking, Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) addresses are commonly written using the quad-dotted notation of four decimal integers, ranging from 0 to 255 each. IPv4 address In computer networking, the notation is associated with the specific use of ''quad-dotted notation'' to represent IPv4 addresses and used as a synonym for ''dotted-quad notation''. Dot-decimal notation is a presentation format for numerical data expressed as a string of decimal numbers each separated by a full stop. For example, the hexadecimal number ''0xFF000000'' may be expressed in dot-decimal notation as ''255.0.0.0''. An IPv4 address has 32 bits. For purposes of representati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kepatihan Notation
Notation plays a relatively minor role in the oral traditions of Indonesian gamelan but, in Java and Bali, several systems of gamelan notation were devised beginning at the end of the 19th century, initially for archival purposes. Kepatihan Kepatihan is a type of cipher musical notation that was devised for the notation of the Indonesian gamelan. History The system was devised around 1900 at the ''Kepatihan'' (the Grand Vizier's compound) in Surakarta, and was based upon the Galin-Paris-Chevé system, imported in the nineteenth century by Christian missionaries to allow the notation of hymns. It superseded several other notation systems of Javanese origin devised around the same time. Notation The pitches of the seven-tone pélog tuning system are designated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7; while the five-tone slendro pitches are notated as 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6. The octaves are noted by dots above and below the numbers, as in Chinese jianpu, although of course the pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dotted Note
In Western musical notation, a dotted note is a Musical note, note with a small dot written after it. In modern practice, the first dot increases the duration (music), duration of the original note by half of its note value, value. This makes a dotted note equivalent to the original note tie (music), tied to a note of half the value – for example, a dotted half note is equivalent to a half note tied to a quarter note. Subsequent dots add progressively halved value, as shown in the example to the right. The use of dotted notes dates back at least to the 10th century, but the exact amount of lengthening a dot provides in early music contexts may vary. Mensural notation uses a dot of division to clarify ambiguities about its context-dependent interpretation of Note value, rhythmic values, sometimes alongside the dot of augmentation (music), augmentation as described above. In the gregorian chant editions of Solesmes, a dot is typically interpreted as a doubling of length (see also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DOT Language
DOT is a Graph (discrete mathematics), graph description language, developed as a part of the Graphviz project. DOT graphs are typically stored as Computer file, files with the .gv or .dot filename extension — .gv is preferred, to avoid confusion with the .dot extension used by versions of Microsoft Word before 2007. dot is also the name of the main program to process DOT files in the Graphviz package. Various programs can process DOT files. Some, such as ''dot'', ''neato'', ''twopi'', ''circo'', ''fdp'', and ''sfdp'', can read a DOT file and render it in graphical form. Others, such as ''gvpr'', ''gc'', ''acyclic'', ''ccomps'', ''sccmap'', and ''tred'', read DOT files and perform calculations on the represented graph. Finally, others, such as ''lefty'', ''dotty'', and ''grappa'', provide an interactive interface. The GVedit tool combines a text editor and a non-interactive viewer. Most programs are part of the Graphviz package or use it internally. DOT is historically an acron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisp (programming Language)
Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation. Originally specified in the late 1950s, it is the second-oldest high-level programming language still in common use, after Fortran. Lisp has changed since its early days, and many dialects have existed over its history. Today, the best-known general-purpose Lisp dialects are Common Lisp, Scheme, Racket, and Clojure. Lisp was originally created as a practical mathematical notation for computer programs, influenced by (though not originally derived from) the notation of Alonzo Church's lambda calculus. It quickly became a favored programming language for artificial intelligence (AI) research. As one of the earliest programming languages, Lisp pioneered many ideas in computer science, including tree data structures, automatic storage management, dynamic typing, conditionals, higher-order function ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Object-oriented Programming
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of '' objects''. Objects can contain data (called fields, attributes or properties) and have actions they can perform (called procedures or methods and implemented in code). In OOP, computer programs are designed by making them out of objects that interact with one another. Many of the most widely used programming languages (such as C++, Java, and Python) support object-oriented programming to a greater or lesser degree, typically as part of multiple paradigms in combination with others such as imperative programming and declarative programming. Significant object-oriented languages include Ada, ActionScript, C++, Common Lisp, C#, Dart, Eiffel, Fortran 2003, Haxe, Java, JavaScript, Kotlin, Logo, MATLAB, Objective-C, Object Pascal, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Raku, Ruby, Scala, SIMSCRIPT, Simula, Smalltalk, Swift, Vala and Visual Basic.NET. History The idea of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syntactic Sugar
In computer science, syntactic sugar is syntax within a programming language that is designed to make things easier to read or to express. It makes the language "sweeter" for human use: things can be expressed more clearly, more concisely, or in an alternative style that some may prefer. Syntactic sugar is usually a shorthand for a common operation that could also be expressed in an alternate, more verbose, form: The programmer has a choice of whether to use the shorter form or the longer form, but will usually use the shorter form since it is shorter and easier to type and read. For example, many programming languages provide special syntax for referencing and updating array elements. Abstractly, an array reference is a procedure of two arguments: an array and a subscript vector, which could be expressed as get_array(Array, vector(i,j)). Instead, many languages provide syntax such as Array ,j/code>. Similarly an array element update is a procedure consisting of three arguments, fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Property (programming)
A property, in some object-oriented programming languages, is a special sort of class member, intermediate in functionality between a field (or data member) and a method. The syntax for reading and writing of properties is like for fields, but property reads and writes are (usually) translated to ' getter' and ' setter' method calls. The field-like syntax is easier to read and write than many method calls, yet the interposition of method calls "under the hood" allows for data validation, active updating (e.g., of GUI elements), or implementation of what may be called " read-only fields". Support in languages Programming languages that support properties include ActionScript 3, C#, D, Delphi/ Free Pascal, eC, F#, Kotlin, JavaScript, Objective-C 2.0, Python, Scala, Swift, Lua, and Visual Basic. Some object-oriented languages, such as Java and C++, do not support properties, requiring the programmer to define a pair of '' accessor'' and '' mutator'' methods instead. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
