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Dolphin-Union Caribou
Dolphin and Union Caribou, Dolphin and Union caribou herd, Dolphin-Union, locally known as Island Caribou, are a migratory population of barren-ground caribou, ''Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus,'' that occupy Victoria Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the nearby mainland. They are endemic to Canada. They migrate across the Dolphin and Union Strait from their summer grazing on Victoria Island to their winter grazing area on the Nunavut-Northwest Territories mainland in Canada. It is unusual for North American caribou to seasonally cross sea ice and the only other caribou to do so are the Peary caribou who are smaller in size and population. They were listed as Endangered by Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) since November 2017. Morphology Pelage The pelage of the Dolphin and Union Caribou is white in winter and slate-grey with white legs and under-parts in summer like the Peary caribou. The Dolphin and Union Caribou are slightly ...
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Boreal Woodland Caribou
The boreal woodland caribou (''Rangifer tarandus caribou''; but subject to a recent taxonomic revision. See Reindeer: Taxonomy), also known as Eastern woodland caribou, boreal forest caribou and forest-dwelling caribou, is a North American subspecies of reindeer (or caribou in North America) found primarily in Canada with small populations in the United States. Unlike the Porcupine caribou and barren-ground caribou, boreal woodland caribou are primarily (but not always) sedentary.In their 2012 report entitled "Recovery Strategy for the Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), Boreal population, in Canada", Environment Canada and SARA refer to the woodland caribou as "boreal caribou". "Woodland Caribou (''Rangifer tarandus caribou''), Boreal population herein referred to as "boreal caribou", assessed in May 2002 as threatened by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). The boreal woodland caribou is the third largest of the caribou ecotypes aft ...
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Mammals Of Canada
A mammal () is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia (). Mammals are characterised by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young, a broad neocortex region of the brain, fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. These characteristics distinguish them from reptiles and birds, from which their ancestors diverged in the Carboniferous Period over 300 million years ago. Around 6,640 extant species of mammals have been described and divided into 27 orders. The study of mammals is called mammalogy. The largest orders of mammals, by number of species, are the rodents, bats, and eulipotyphlans (including hedgehogs, moles and shrews). The next three are the primates (including humans, monkeys and lemurs), the even-toed ungulates (including pigs, camels, and whales), and the Carnivora (including cats, dogs, and seals). Mammals are the only living members of Synapsida; this clade, together with Sauropsida (reptiles and birds), constitutes the ...
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Caribou Herds And Populations In Canada
Caribou herds in Canada are discrete populations of seven subspecies that are represented in Canada. Caribou can be found from the High Arctic region south to the Taiga, boreal forest and Rocky Mountains and from the east to the west coasts. Arctic peoples, including the Caribou Inuit, the inland-dwelling Inuit of the Kivalliq Region in northern Canada, the Caribou Clan in Yukon, the Iñupiat, the Inuvialuit, the Hän, the Northern Tutchone, and the Gwich'in, who followed the Porcupine caribou (also known as Grant's caribou) for millennia, have depended on caribou for food, clothing, and shelter. COSEWIC divided caribou ecotypes in Canada into 12 "designatable units" (DU), an adaptation of "evolutionarily significant units", for purposes of conservation and monitoring that, for the most part, follow previously named species and subspecies (see Caribou Subspecies below). They are: Peary DU1, Dolphin and Union DU2, Barren-Ground DU3, Eastern Migratory DU4, Newfoundland DU5, Boreal ...
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Arctic Institute Of North America
The Arctic Institute of North America is a multi-disciplinary research institute and educational organization located in the University of Calgary. It is mandated to study the North American and circumpolar Arctic in the areas of natural science, social science, arts and the humanities. In addition, it acquires, preserves and disseminates information on environmental, physical, and social conditions in the north. The institute was created in 1945 by a Canadian act of Parliament as a non-profit membership organization, and also incorporated in the state of New York. History The idea of the institute began in the early 1940s when a group of Canadians discussed ways that Canada could increase administrative, scientific and technical expertise in the Arctic. By 1944, a binational organization that included Canada and the United States, with room for Greenland, Newfoundland, and Labrador was established. Offices were opened at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Geophysic ...
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Peterborough, Ontario
Peterborough ( ) is a city on the Otonabee River in Ontario, Canada, about 125 kilometres (78 miles) northeast of Toronto. According to the 2021 Census, the population of the City of Peterborough was 83,651. The population of the Peterborough Census Metropolitan Area (CMA), which includes the surrounding Townships of Selwyn, Ontario, Selwyn, Cavan Monaghan, Otonabee-South Monaghan, and Douro-Dummer, was 128,624 in 2021. In 2021, Peterborough ranked 32nd among the country's 41 census metropolitan areas according to the List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada, CMA in Canada. The current mayor of Peterborough is Jeff Leal. Peterborough is known as the gateway to the Kawartha lakes (Ontario), Kawarthas, "cottage country", a large recreational region of the province. It is named in honour of Peter Robinson (1785–1838), Peter Robinson, an early Canadian politician who oversaw the first major immigration to the area. The city is the seat of Peterborough Coun ...
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Trent University
Trent University is a public liberal arts university in Peterborough, Ontario, with a satellite campus in Oshawa, which serves the Regional Municipality of Durham. Founded in 1964, the university is known for its Oxbridge college system, small class sizes, and 11 on-campus nature reserves. The university's main Symons campus is located on the Otonabee River at the northeast corner of the City of Peterborough. Trent University offers only a few programs at the graduate level. In 2023, over 13,000 undergraduates and over 1,200 graduate students were enrolled at the Symons campus while Trent University Durham GTA served over 3,000 full- and part-time students at its Oshawa campus. The university is represented in Canadian Interuniversity Sports by the Trent Excalibur varsity team. History Trent University resulted from a community discussion in 1957 about the potential for a post-secondary institution in the Trent Valley.
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Ministry Of Natural Resources And Forestry
The Ministry of Natural Resources is a government ministry of the Canadian province of Ontario that is responsible for Ontario's provincial parks, forests, fisheries, wildlife, mineral aggregates and the Crown lands and waters that make up 87 per cent of the province. Its offices are divided into Northwestern, Northeastern and Southern Ontario regions with the main headquarters in Peterborough, Ontario. The current minister is Graydon Smith. Founded in its modern form in 1972, it has been associated with many other related ministries over the years, including recently the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Northern Development, the Ministry of Mines (Ontario), and the Ministry of Indigenous Affairs. Often these portfolios will be consolidated into one or two ministries, or they will remain separate portfolios but assigned to the same cabinet minister. While there has never been an independent Ministry of Forests, forestry is an area of responsibility that is often in the m ...
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Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk (, ; Inuktitut syllabics: ; ), known as Coppermine until 1 January 1996, is a hamlet at the mouth of the Coppermine River in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada, on Coronation Gulf, southwest of Victoria Island. It is Nunavut's westernmost community, near the border with the Northwest Territories. The area's traditional language is Inuinnaqtun, which is written in the Latin alphabet, rather than the syllabics of the Inuktitut writing system. Like Cambridge Bay, Bathurst Inlet, and Umingmaktok, syllabics are rarely seen and are used mainly by the Government of Nunavut. History Prior to European contact, Dene travelled to the area and interacted acrimoniously with nearby Thule and Inuit, sometimes ending in deadly raids against each other (see Bloody Falls massacre). In July 1821, the British Coppermine expedition team reached the mouth of the Coppermine River, just next to the present day community of Kugluktuk. Arctic explorers Peter Warren Dease and Tho ...
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Nelson, British Columbia
Nelson is a city located in the Selkirk Mountains on the West Arm of Kootenay Lake in the British Columbia Interior, Southern Interior of British Columbia, Canada. The city is known for its collection of restored heritage buildings that date back to a regional silver rush in 1886. Nelson is one of the three cities forming the commercial and population core of the West Kootenay region, the others being Castlegar, British Columbia, Castlegar and Trail, British Columbia, Trail. The city is the seat of the Regional District of Central Kootenay, British Columbia, Regional District of Central Kootenay. It is represented in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, provincial legislature by the riding of Nelson-Creston, and in the Parliament of Canada by the riding of Kootenay—Columbia. History Founding The city of Nelson is located in the western Kootenay region of British Columbia. Gold and silver were discovered in the area in 1867. The subsequent discovery of silver at Toad ...
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Yellowknife
Yellowknife is the capital, largest community, and the only city in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is on the northern shore of Great Slave Lake, about south of the Arctic Circle, on the west side of Yellowknife Bay near the outlet of the Yellowknife River. Yellowknife and its surrounding water bodies were named after a local Dene tribe, who were known as the "Copper Indians" or "Yellowknife Indians", today incorporated as the Yellowknives Dene First Nation. They traded tools made from copper deposits near the Arctic Coast. Modern Yellowknives members can be found in city and in the adjoining, primarily Indigenous communities of Ndilǫ and Dettah. The city's population was 20,340 per the 2021 Canadian census. Of the eleven official languages of the Northwest Territories, five are spoken in significant numbers in Yellowknife: Chipewyan language, Dene Suline, Dogrib language, Dogrib, Slavey language, South and North Slavey, English, and French. In the Dogrib language, the ...
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Sea Ice
Sea ice arises as seawater freezes. Because ice is less density, dense than water, it floats on the ocean's surface (as does fresh water ice). Sea ice covers about 7% of the Earth's surface and about 12% of the world's oceans. Much of the world's sea ice is enclosed within the polar ice packs in the Earth's polar regions: the Arctic ice pack of the Arctic Ocean and the Antarctic ice pack of the Southern Ocean. Polar packs undergo a significant yearly cycling in surface extent, a natural process upon which depends the Arctic ecology, including the Arctic sea ice ecology and history, ocean's ecosystems. Due to the action of winds, currents and temperature fluctuations, sea ice is very dynamic, leading to a wide variety of ice types and features. Sea ice may be contrasted with icebergs, which are chunks of ice shelf, ice shelves or glaciers that Ice calving, calve into the ocean. Depending on location, sea ice expanses may also incorporate icebergs. General features and dynamics ...
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