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Dobrovolnaya Narodnaya Druzhina
Voluntary People's Druzhina (, ''Dobrovolnaya narodnaya druzhina'', DND) variously translated as Voluntary People’s Guard, People’s Volunteer Squads, People's Volunteer Militia, etc. were voluntary detachments for maintaining public order in the Soviet Union similar to neighborhood watch. The program has been restarted in Russia. History People's Druzhinas in support of law enforcement were introduced in Russian Empire in 1913. After the Russian Revolution of 1917 there were various forms of non-governmental workers and peasants' organizations, which were disbanded by the early 1930s. Instead the Voluntary Society for Support of Militsiya (ОСОДМИЛ) was created. In 1932 it was subordinated to militsiya and renamed to "Militsiya Support Brigades". (БРИГАДМИЛ). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Badge
A badge is a device or accessory, often containing the insignia of an organization, which is presented or displayed to indicate some feat of service, a special accomplishment, a symbol of authority granted by taking an oath (e.g., police and fire), a sign of legitimate employment or student status, or as a simple means of identification. They are also used in advertising, publicity, and for branding purposes. Badges can be made from metal, plastic, leather, textile, natural rubber, rubber, etc., and they are commonly attached to clothing, bags, footwear, vehicles, home electrical equipment, etc. Textile badges or patches can be either woven or embroidered, and can be attached by gluing, ironing-on, sewing or applique. Badges have become highly collectable: in the United Kingdom, UK, for example, the Badge Collectors' Circle has been in existence since 1980. In the military, badges are used to denote the unit or arm to which the wearer belongs, and also qualifications received t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hooligan
Hooliganism is disruptive or unlawful behavior such as rioting, bullying and vandalism, often in connection with crowds at sporting events. A hooligan is a person that engages in illicit reckless behaviors and is a public nuisance. Etymology There are several theories regarding the origin of the word ''hooliganism,'' which is a derivative of the word hooligan. ''The Compact Oxford English Dictionary'' states that the word may have originated from the surname of a rowdy Irish family in a music hall song of the 1890s. Clarence Rook, in his 1899 book ''Hooligan Nights'', wrote that the word came from Patrick Hoolihan (or Hooligan), an Irish bouncer and thief who lived in London. In 2015, the BBC Scotland TV programme ''The Secret Life of Midges'' noted that the English commander-in-chief during the Jacobite rising of 1745, General Wade, misheard the local Scots Gaelic word for midge—''meanbh-chuileag''—and coined the word ''hooligan'' to describe his fury and frustration a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilfspolizei
The ''Hilfspolizei'' (''HiPo'' or ''Hipo''; meaning "auxiliary police") was a short-lived auxiliary police force in Nazi Germany in 1933. The term was later semi-officially used for various auxiliary organizations subordinated to the ''Ordnungspolizei'' as well as various military and paramilitary units set up during World War II in German-occupied Europe. Hipo 1933 Hermann Göring, newly appointed as Interior Minister of Prussia, established the Hilfspolizei on 22 February 1933 to assist regular police in maintaining order and later in handling communists in the wake of the Reichstag fire. The organization quickly spread from Prussia to other states of Germany, German states and Hitler endorsed it in the Reichstag Fire Decree. The units were staffed mainly by members of Sturmabteilung (SA) and Allgemeine SS wearing SA or SS uniforms with a white brassard. It is estimated that the auxiliary units had 25,000 SA and 15,000 SS members. The units also included members of ''Der Stahlh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shomrim (neighborhood Watch Group)
Shmira (, 'protection') or Shomrim (Hebrew language, Hebrew: שׁוֹמְרִים, 'watchers', 'guards') are organizations of proactive volunteer Jews, Jewish Neighborhood watch, civilian patrols which have been set up in Haredi Judaism, Haredi communities in neighborhoods across the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Israel, Belgium, and Australia (among other countries) to combat burglary, vandalism, Robbery, mugging, assault, domestic violence, nuisance crimes and Antisemitism, antisemitic attacks, and to help and support Victimology, victims of crime. They also help locate Missing person, missing people. Shmira and Shomrim volunteers are generally unarmed and do not have the authority to make arrests, other than citizen's arrest. Some Shomrim members in the United States have been convicted of assaults and misdemeanors against people from outside their community.Feuer, Alan.Brooklyn’s Private Jewish Patrols Wield Power. Some Call Them Bullies. ''The New York Times'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Guard (Israel)
The Civil Guard (), abbreviated in Hebrew as Mash'az (משא"ז) is a volunteer organization of Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...i citizens which assists in daily police work. It is a subdivision of the Israel Police. Organization The Civil Guard is a division in the "Police and Community" branch of the Israel Police. The Civil Guard is managed and supported by the police which provide weapons, equipment, training and police officers who command local Civil Guard bases (each community has one or more Civil Guard bases). Although the Civil Guard is operated by the police, its manpower consists mainly of civilian volunteers. Members are trained to provide the initial response to a security situation until regular police forces arrive. Most Civil Guard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neighborhood Watch
A neighborhood watch or neighbourhood watch (see American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, spelling differences), also called a crime watch or neighbourhood crime watch, is an organized group of civilians devoted to crime and vandalism prevention within a neighborhood. The aim of neighborhood watch includes educating residents of a community on security and safety and achieving safe and secure neighborhoods. However, when a criminal activity is suspected, members are encouraged to report to authorities, and not to intervene. Organization A neighborhood watch may be organized as its own group or may simply be a function of a neighborhood association or other community association. While not all neighborhood watch groups are vigilantes, some are and use vigilante practices in order for them to handle crime in their neighborhoods. In the United States, neighborhood watch groups increased in popularity throughout the 1980s and 1990s in part as a response to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Petersburg Police
The Saint Petersburg Police (), officially the Main Administration for Internal Affairs of the City of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Oblast (Главное управление внутренних дел Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области) is the state police force of Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast, Russia. The stated main responsibilities of the service are the internal security, protection of human rights and freedoms, suppression and detection of crime, and protection of public order. It is one of the oldest police services in Russia and the world, established on June 7, 1718, by Peter the Great as the municipal police for the city of Saint Petersburg. During the Soviet era, from 1924 the service was known as the Leningrad Militsiya () until 1991, when it was changed to Saint Petersburg Militsiya (). The service adopted its current name in 2011 following reform in law enforcement agencies across Russia replacing the term " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow City Police
The Moscow Police (), officially the Main Directorate of Internal Affairs of the City of Moscow (), is the police force for Moscow, Russia. The Moscow Police is the largest regional police force in Russia with 50,500 officers as of 2010, with primary responsibilities in law enforcement, the detection and investigation of crime, and protection of the Public-order crime, public order in the Federal City of Moscow. It is part of the MVD, Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) and also subordinate to Moscow City Duma, with its headquarters located at 38 Petrovka Street in Tverskoy District, Moscow. Moscow Police is headed by the Chief appointed by the President of Russia, on the recommendation of the Minister of Internal Affairs (Russia), Minister of Internal Affairs, based on a nomination of the Mayor of Moscow. Oleg Baranov is the acting police chief who was appointed September 23, 2016. The Moscow Police was established in 1722, and is one of the oldest police forces in Russia and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nashi (youth Movement)
''Nashi'' () was a political youth movement in Russian Federation, Russia, which declared itself to be a democratic, anti-fascist, anti-"oligarchic-capitalist" movement. Nashi was widely characterized as a pro-Putinism, Putin outfit, with the ''Bureau of Investigative Journalism'' describing it as "Putin's private army". Western critics have detected a "deliberately cultivated resemblance to" the Soviet Komsomol or to the Hitler Youth and dubbed the group "''Putinjugend''" ("Putin Youth"). Senior figures in the Russian Presidential administration encouraged the formation of the group, which Moisés Naím labelled a government organized non-governmental organization (GONGO). By late 2007, it had grown in size to some 120,000 members aged between 17 and 25. On April 6, 2012, the ''Nashi'' leader announced that the current form of the movement would dissolve in the near future, possibly to be replaced by a different organisation. He stated that ''Nashi'' had been "compromised" d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armband
An armband is a piece of material worn around the arm. They may be worn for pure ornamentation, or to mark the wearer as belonging to group, or as insignia having a certain rank, status, office or role, or being in a particular state or condition. Sprung armbands, known as sleeve garters, have been used by men to keep overlong sleeves from dropping over the hands and thereby interfering with their use. Armbands may also refer to inflatable armbands used to assist flotation for swimmers or for use with sphygmomanometers, in which case they are generally referred to as cuffs. Variation Bronze Age armbands have been found made from bronze (sometimes gilded) and jet. Some were constructed so that it would have been impossible to remove them. When used as part of a military uniform it is called a brassard. Uniforms serving other purposes such as to identify members of clubs, societies or teams may also have armbands for certain ranks or functions. An armband might identify a gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dissolution Of The Soviet Union
The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, formally establishing the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a state and subject of international law. It also brought an end to the Soviet Union's federal government and General Secretary (also President) Mikhail Gorbachev's effort to reform the Soviet political and economic system in an attempt to stop a period of political stalemate and economic backslide. The Soviet Union had experienced internal stagnation and ethnic separatism. Although highly centralized until its final years, the country was made up of 15 top-level republics that served as the homelands for different ethnicities. By late 1991, amid a catastrophic political crisis, with several republics al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
