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Deterrence Of Aggression
On 27 November 2024, a coalition of Syrian revolutionary factions called the Military Operations Command led by Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and supported by allied Turkish-backed groups in the Syrian National Army (SNA) launched an offensive against the Ba'athist regime's armed forces in Idlib, Aleppo and Hama Governorates in Syria. Codenamed Deterrence of Aggression by HTS, this was the first military offensive campaign launched by opposition forces in the Syrian civil war since the March 2020 Idlib ceasefire. It initially began as a localised offensive targeting towns in the Idlib and Aleppo countryside, later evolving into a nationwide campaign that culminated in the toppling of Bashar al-Assad’s regime. On 29 November 2024, HTS and later the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) entered Aleppo and captured most of the city, amid the collapse of pro-government forces. The next day, opposition forces made rapid advances, capturing dozens of towns and villages as pro-government ...
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Jaysh Al-Izza
The Army of Glory (), formerly the Union of Glory (), was an Sunni Islamist Syrian rebel group affiliated with the Free Syrian Army active in northwestern Syria, mainly in the al-Ghab Plain in northern Hama Governorate, Hama and its surroundings. Turkey, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia have supplied the group with anti-tank missiles including 9K111 Fagots and BGM-71 TOWs. As of 2019, was estimated to have between 2,000 and 5,000 fighters in its ranks. The group has vehemently denounced Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war, Russia's intervention in the Syrian civil war and has also expressed its opposition to Russian-backed diplomatic initiatives such as the Astana and Sochi formats. Jaysh al-Izza also made efforts to join the Turkish-backed National Front for Liberation which includes other prominent Syrian opposition groups in Idlib such as Ahrar al-Sham and the Sham Legion, but did not do so out of complications with the integration about which Jaysh al-Izza's leadership did n ...
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Ahmed Al-Sharaa
Ahmed Hussein al-Sharaa (born 29 October 1982) also known by his ''nom de guerre'' Abu Mohammad al-Julani, is a Syrian politician and former rebel commander serving as the president of Syria since January 2025. He previously served as the country's ''de facto'' leader from December 2024 until his appointment as president. Born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to a Syrian Sunni Muslim family from the Golan Heights, he grew up in Syria's capital, Damascus. Al-Sharaa joined al-Qaeda in Iraq shortly before the 2003 invasion of Iraq and fought for three years in the Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011), Iraqi insurgency. American forces captured and imprisoned him from 2006 to 2011. His release coincided with the Syrian Revolution against the Ba'athist Syria, Ba'athist dictatorship of Bashar al-Assad. Al-Sharaa created the al-Nusra Front in 2012 with the support of al-Qaeda to fight the Assad regime in the Syrian civil war. As emir of the al-Nusra Front, al-Sharaa built a stronghold in the northw ...
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Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve
Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF–OIR) is a multinational military formation established by the U.S.-led international coalition against the Islamic State with the stated aim to "degrade and destroy" the organization. Led by United States Army Central (ARCENT), it is composed of military forces and personnel from over 30 countries. Formed in October 2014 by U.S. Central Command, CJTF-OIR was intended to replace the ''ad hoc'' arrangements that had been established to coordinate operations against ISIL, following its rapid gains in Iraq in June. Its central military action, Operation Inherent Resolve, consists of campaigns in Iraq, Syria, and Libya. The current commander of the coalition is U.S. Army Major General Kevin C. Leahy. The bulk of CJTF-OIR's combat operations have consisted of airstrikes against Islamic State; various ground forces have been deployed including special forces, artillery, training, and military advisors. The United ...
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Suqour Al-Sham Brigades
The Suqour al-Sham Brigades (, ), also known as the Falcons of the Levant Brigades, was an armed rebel organisation formed by Ahmed Abu Issa early in the Syrian Civil War to fight against the Syrian Government. It was a member of the Islamic Front and a former unit of the Free Syrian Army and the Syrian Islamic Liberation Front. They have a history of coordinating with Ahrar al-Sham and al-Qaeda's al-Nusra Front (a group rebranded as Tahrir al-Sham since January 2017), though clashes with the latter broke out in January 2017. In March 2015, the Suqour al-Sham Brigades merged with Ahrar ash-Sham, but left Ahrar al-Sham in September 2016. Also, in September 2016, they joined the Army of Conquest, of which Ahrar al-Sham was also a member. On 25 January 2017, Suqour al-Sham rejoined Ahrar al-Sham, but later became independent. At the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference, which was held on 29 January 2025, most factions of the armed opposition, including the Suqour al-Sha ...
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Syrian Free Army
The Syrian Free Army (SFA, ), previously known as the Revolutionary Commando Army (RCA, ), and the New Syrian Army (NSA, ), was a United States Army-trained opposition faction in southeast Syria. It has been hosted at the US military al-Tanf base and currently as al-Tanf forces within the 70th division of the Syrian Army. Founded as an expansion of the Authenticity and Development Front by Syrian Arab Army defectors and other rebels during the Syrian civil war on 20 May 2015, the New Syrian Army sought to expel the Islamic State from southeastern Syria. In December 2016, the New Syrian Army dissolved, and the remnants of the group formed the Revolutionary Commando Army. The group was known for corruption, which led to the U.S. Central Command dismissing its former top official Mohanad al-Tala in 2022. In the aftermath, following an alleged U.S. Central Command attempt to integrate the group into the Syrian Democratic Forces, it rebranded as the Syrian Free Army. History ...
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Southern Operations Room
The Southern Operations Room (), abbreviated as SOR, is a Syrian rebel coalition consisting of various Syrian opposition groups and defectors that initially operated in the southern provinces of Daraa, Suwayda and Quneitra, though they expanded to Damascus, and Rif Dimashq. The group withdrew from Damascus following HTS' arrival. The Southern Operations Room publicly declared their formation on 6 December 2024, to coordinate the southern Syria offensive in the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives. The group originated in the Southern Front which previously fought against the Assad regime in an earlier phase of the war. The formation process for what would become the Southern Operations Room began in 2023, with advisers from the Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham-led Military Operations Command bringing together the leaders of around 25 opposition factions in southern Syria to coordinate planning for a future military operation. The Southern Operations Room was the first rebel organizati ...
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Burkan Al-Furat
Burkan al-Furat () is a militant organization in Syria that operates in Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Damascus Governorate and Latakia Governorate History In November 2024, Burkan al-Furat carried out their first attack on the 20th against the Russian and Iranian intervention in Syria and against the Syrian Democratic Forces, killing Abu Fatima al-Iraqi, commander of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard together with Jaafar al-Tayyar Brigades. In the Opposition offensives they attacked and occupied Al-Asharah and Dumayr Air Base before they are occupied by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham. On 20 May 2025, they attacked Khmeimim Air Base and their leader Mohammed al-Shami declared a month for the Russian forces to leave. Two fighters were killed in the attack, an Egyptian leader of the "Red Bands" brigade of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham and a Syrian. On 25 May 2025, they threatened the actor Bassem Yakhour giving him 48 hours to leave Syria for supporting Ba'athist Syria Ba'athist Syria, officiall ...
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FDD's Long War Journal
''FDD's Long War Journal'' (LWJ) is an American news website, also described as a blog, which reports on the War on terror. The site is operated by Public Multimedia Incorporated (PMI), a non-profit media organization established in 2007. PMI is run by Paul Hanusz and Bill Roggio. Roggio is the managing editor of the journal and Thomas Joscelyn is senior editor. The site is a project of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, where both Roggio and Joscelyn are senior fellows. The journal evolved from Roggio's blog with which he reported on conflicts involving terrorism and Islamic insurgencies around the world. PMI states that its journal seeks to provide news on conflicts without promoting a political agenda and to provide in-depth, contextual detailed reporting. The site's staff, led by Roggio, use international media sources plus contacts in the United States intelligence community for information for their reports. The organization is funded by private donations ...
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Ansar Al-Tawhid (Syria)
Ansar al-Tawhid (, ) was an armed Islamist militant group fighting in the Syrian Civil War. The group was made up of former Jund al-Aqsa members. It was allied with Al-Qaeda and part of the Hurras al-Din-led Rouse the Believers Operations Room until May 2020, when it announced its departure from the coalition. At the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference, which was held on 29 January 2025, most factions of the armed opposition, including the Ansar al-Tawhid, announced their dissolution and were incorporated into the newly formed Ministry of Defense. Background Ansar al-Tawhid was established in March 2018 by Abu Diyab al-Sarmini. The group was based in Sarmin and Nayrab in eastern Idlib, which has a strong ISIL presence, but was also active in opposition held parts of the Latakia Governorate. Within Ansar al-Tawhid there were members of the group who were sympathetic and supportive of ISIL, as well as members of Ansar al-Tawhid whom were reportedly linked to ISIL itsel ...
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Imam Bukhari Jamaat
The Imam Bukhari Jamaat (, also Katibat Imam al Bukhari) is a Jihadist group composed of primarily Uzbeks and formed in Afghanistan, having fought in both the War in Afghanistan and Syrian Civil War, as well expressing loyalty to the Taliban movement. The group originally operated only in Syria, where it is allied with other jihadist organisations such as al-Nusra Front and Ahrar ash-Sham, and alongside these other groups it makes up the Army of Conquest, which overran much of Idlib province in north Syria in 2015. Since late 2016, the group has also began to fight against Afghan National Security Forces, and has claimed to have set up training camps in northern Afghanistan. The group is named after Imam Bukhari, a 9th-century Islamic scholar who was from Bukhara in modern-day Uzbekistan. Leadership The group was led by an individual known as Sheikh Salahuddin, before his assassination in Idlib Governorate. Activity KIB has been operating in Syria and Afghanistan since at l ...
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Ajnad Al-Kavkaz
Ajnad al-Kavkaz (AK or AAK; ) is a Chechen-led Salafi jihadist militant group in northwestern Syria, operating primarily in the mountainous and forested areas of Latakia Governorate. Although it was formed by former fighters of the Caucasus Emirate and was tentatively linked to the organization, AK operated autonomously from the beginning and later cut ties with the Caucasus Emirate. Though it had become "the largest of the Muslim factions from the former Soviet Union fighting in Syria" by September 2016, AK's activity dwindled in the following years. In 2022, the group's centre of operations shifted from Syria to Ukraine, as most AK militants had begun mobilizing to fight against the Russian invasion of Ukraine. , AK has largely been engaged in the battle of Bakhmut in Ukraine. The following year, members of the group were active in the November Battle of Aleppo, which precipitated the fall of the Assad regime the next month. History Foundation In course of the Second C ...
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