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Densipolic Acid
Densipolic acid is a linear fatty acid composed of 18 carbon atoms, with two double bonds in the positions 9=10 and 15=16 and a hydroxyl-OH in the position 12. Although the compound has no nutritional relevance, densipolic acid is an Omega-3 acid. Discovery The acid was initially isolated C. R. Smith and colleagues in 1962 from the seed oil of the ''Lesquerella densipila'' plant, from which it takes its name. The acid is typically found together with other hydroxylated fatty acids ( lesquerolic, auricolic, ricinoleic, etc.) in the seed oil of other ''Lesquerella'' species (lescurii, perforata, stonensis, lyrata, etc.) and some ''Physaria'' species of the ''Brassicaceae'' family. Chemical properties The biosynthetic pathways of hydroxylated fatty acids in plants have not been fully researched. There is biochemical evidence that an n-3 desaturase, in acids with 18 carbon atoms a Δ15 desaturase, is able to convert ricinoleic acid to densipolic acid. In seed oils with high concent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatty Acid
In chemistry, in particular in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated and unsaturated compounds#Organic chemistry, saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an Branched chain fatty acids, unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important diet (nutrition), dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cell (biology), cells. History The concept of fatty acid (''acide gras'') was introduced in 1813 by Michel Eugène Chevreul, though he initially used some variant terms: ''graisse acide'' and ''acide huileux'' ("acid fat" and "oi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planta (journal)
''Planta'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all areas of plant biology. It was established in 1925 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The editors-in-chief are Anastasios Melis ( UC-Berkeley) and Dorothea Bartels ( Universitat Bonn). According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 4.540. References External links * Botany journals Academic journals established in 1925 Springer Science+Business Media academic journals Monthly journals English-language journals {{botany-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bladderpod Oil
Bladderpod oil is a seed oil, extracted from the seeds of the ''Physaria fendleri'' and other species of genus ''Physaria'', Native to the plains and mesas of southwestern United States, eastward to Kansas and southward into northern Mexico. Bladderpod oil is rich in lesquerolic acid (C20:1-OH), a rare hydroxycarboxylic acid. The only commercial source of hydroxycarboxylic acids is ricinoleic acid (C18:1-OH), found in castor oil. Essentially all castor oil production in the U.S. has been eliminated by a combination of economic factors, excessive allergenic reactions of field and processing workers, and toxicity of the seed meal. The fatty acid In chemistry, in particular in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated and unsaturated compounds#Organic chemistry, saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an ... composition of bladderpod oil is: Other species of bladderpod that yield similar oils in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lipids (journal)
The American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS) is an international professional organization based in Urbana, Illinois dedicated to providing the support network for those involved with the science and technology related to fats, oils, surfactants, and other related materials. Founded in 1909, AOCS has approximately 2,000 members in 90 countries who are active in a total of ten divisions and six sections, of which only one of the sections is within the United States. History The AOCS was started in May 1909 under the name ''Society of Cotton Products Analysts'' as a group that promoted recommended methods for chemical processes focused on the cottonseed industry. In 1920, the name was changed to American Oil Chemists' Society.National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council (1961), ''Scientific and Technological Societies of the United States and Canada, 7th ed.''; National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Washington D.C. In 1976, AOCS hosted the first World C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acyl Group
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group () or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl group is alkyl) is usually derived from a carboxylic acid, in which case it has the formula , where R represents an organyl group or hydrogen. Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids and phosphonic acids. In the most common arrangement, acyl groups are attached to a larger molecular fragment, in which case the carbon and oxygen atoms are linked by a double bond. Reactivity trends There are five main types of acyl derivatives. Acid halides are the most reactive towards nucleophiles, followed by anhydrides, esters, and amides. Carboxylate ions are esse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triglyceride
A triglyceride (from '' tri-'' and '' glyceride''; also TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. Triglycerides are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates as well as vegetable fat. They are also present in the blood to enable the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the liver and are a major component of human skin oils. Many types of triglycerides exist. One specific classification focuses on saturated and unsaturated types. Saturated fats have ''no'' C=C groups; unsaturated fats feature one or more C=C groups. Unsaturated fats tend to have a lower melting point than saturated analogues; as a result, they are often liquid at room temperature. Chemical structure The three fatty acids substituents can be the same, but they are usually different. The positions of the three fatty acids are specified using stereospecific numbering as sn-1, sn-2, and sn- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glyceride
Glycerides, also known as acylglycerols, are esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids, and are generally very hydrophobic. Glycerol has three hydroxyl functional groups, which can be esterified with one, two, or three fatty acids to form mono-, di-, and triglycerides. These structures vary in their fatty acid alkyl groups as they can contain different carbon numbers, different degrees of unsaturation, and different configurations and positions of olefins. Vegetable oils and animal fats contain mostly triglycerides, but are broken down by natural enzymes (lipases) into mono and diglycerides and free fatty acids and glycerol. Soaps are formed from the reaction of glycerides with sodium hydroxide. The product of the reaction is glycerol and salts of fatty acids. Fatty acids in the soap emulsify the oils in dirt, enabling the removal of oily dirt with water. Partial glycerides are esters of glycerol with fatty acids, where not all the hydroxyl groups are esterified. Since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Communications
''ChemComm'' (or ''Chemical Communications''), formerly known as ''Journal of the Chemical Society D: Chemical Communications'' (1969–1971), ''Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications'' (1972–1995), is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. It covers all aspects of chemistry. In January 2012, the journal moved to publishing 100 issues per year. The current chair of the editorial board is Douglas Stephan (University of Toronto, Canada), while the executive editor is Richard Kelly. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * Chemical Abstracts * Science Citation Index * Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences * Scopus * Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 4.3. See also * '' New Journal of Chemistry'' * ''Chemical Society Reviews ''Chemical Society Reviews'' is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant Physiology (journal)
''Plant Physiology'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, genetics, biophysics, and environmental biology of plants. The journal has been published since 1926 by the American Society of Plant Biologists. The current editor-in-chief is Yunde Zhao (University of California San Diego. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 8.005. References External links * {{Authority control Botany journals Academic journals established in 1926 Monthly journals English-language journals Plant physiology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ricinoleic Acid
Ricinoleic acid, formally called 12-hydroxy-9-''cis''-octadecenoic acid, is a fatty acid. It is an Unsaturated fatty acid, unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid and a hydroxy acid. It is a major component of the seed oil obtained from the seeds of castor plant (''Ricinus communis'' L., Euphorbiaceae), the plant that produces ricin. It is also found in the sclerotium of ergot (''Claviceps purpurea'' Tul., Clavicipitaceae). About 90% of the fatty acid content in castor oil is the ricinolein. Production Ricinoleic acid is manufactured for industries by saponification or fractional distillation of hydrolysis, hydrolyzed castor oil. The first attempts to prepare ricinoleic acid were made by Friedrich Krafft in 1888. Use Sebacic acid ((CH2)8(CO2H)2), which is used in preparing certain nylons, is produced by cleavage of ricinoleic acid. The coproduct is 2-Octanol, 2-octanol. The mechanism of the base-induced cleavage is proposed to proceed by initial dehydrogenation of the secondary alco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Bonds
In chemistry, a double bond is a covalent bond between two atoms involving four bonding electrons as opposed to two in a single bond. Double bonds occur most commonly between two carbon atoms, for example in alkenes. Many double bonds exist between two different elements: for example, in a carbonyl group between a carbon atom and an oxygen atom. Other common double bonds are found in azo compounds (N=N), imines (C=N), and sulfoxides (S=O). In a skeletal formula, a double bond is drawn as two parallel lines (=) between the two connected atoms; typographically, the equals sign is used for this. Double bonds were introduced in chemical notation by Russian chemist Alexander Butlerov. Double bonds involving carbon are stronger and shorter than single bonds. The bond order is two. Double bonds are also electron-rich, which makes them potentially more reactive in the presence of a strong electron acceptor (as in addition reactions of the halogens). File:Ethene structural.svg, Ethylene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Journal Of Botany
The ''American Journal of Botany'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers all aspects of plant biology. It has been published by the Botanical Society of America since 1914. The journal has an impact factor of 3.038, as of 2019. access is available through the publisher John Wiley & Sons ( Wiley). From 1951 to 1953, Oswald Tippo served as its editor; the current editor is Pamela Diggle. History In the early 20th century, the field of botany was rapidly expanding, but the publications in which botanists could publish remained limited and heavily backlogged. By 1905, it was estimated that 250,000 contributions were generated in 8 or 9 languages. At the 1911 annual meeting of the society in Washington D.C., it was noted that at least 300 pages of American botanical contributions were sent abroad for publication, with a backlog resulting in a one-year delay in publication. On 31 December 1907, the Botanical Society of America met in Chicago and formally recom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
