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Dawn Of Freedom Operations Room
Dawn of Freedom Operations Room (), also known as Fajr al-Hurriya Operations Room, is a Syrian militant operations room that is led by the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army during the Syrian civil war, specifically against both the Syrian Arab Army and the Syrian Democratic Forces and their regiments. History Three days after the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives, on 30 November 2024, the Syrian National Army announced the establishment of the Dawn of Freedom Operations Room, named after the Operation Dawn of Freedom with the goal of capturing as much territory from the Syrian Democratic Forces, Syrian Arab Army, Russian and Iranian backed forces. They announced this in Aleppo, as they vowed to liberate all Syrian government and Iranian-backed militia held areas. After its establishment the Dawn of Freedom Operations room pushed north and east of Aleppo after it was taken over by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, with the operations room taking Tell Rifaat from the Kurdish militants. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syrian Interim Government
The Syrian Interim Government (Arabic: الحكومة السورية المؤقتة; ''Ḥukūmat as-Sūriyya al-Muwaqqata'') was a government-in-exile and later a quasi-state in Syria formed on 18 March 2013 by the National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces (Syrian National Coalition, SNC), an umbrella Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad, opposition group, during the Syrian civil war. The Syrian Interim Government constituted a separate administration in the Turkish occupation of northern Syria, Turkish-controlled territories in northern Syria and had partial authority there. The interim government's headquarters in Syria were located in the city of Azaz in Aleppo Governorate. While responsible to the Syrian National Coalition, the SIG was closely aligned with Turkey. The SIG's armed forces were the Syrian National Army (SNA). After the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024, the SIG coexisted for a short period of time with the Syrian caretaker gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2024 Manbij Offensive
The Manbij offensive was a military campaign launched by the pro- Turkish Syrian National Army (SNA) and the Turkish Air Force against Syrian Democratic Forces positions in Manbij lasting from 6 to 11 December 2024. It was a part of Operation Dawn of Freedom in the Turkish offensive in northern Syria (2024-present), and occurred concurrently with the Deir ez-Zor offensive and the wider Syrian opposition offensives. The SDF withdrew their troops on 11 December after five days of conflict following a US-brokered ceasefire agreement. Background Following the capture of Tell Rifaat, the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army (SNA) announced a military campaign targeting Manbij, a strategic city in the eastern Aleppo countryside. This offensive held particular significance as Manbij represented the final Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF)-controlled territory west of the Euphrates River, where the group maintained its presence with U.S. military support. The opposition's military operat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle East Media Research Institute
The Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), officially the Middle East Media and Research Institute, is an American non-profit press monitoring organization co-founded by Israeli ex-intelligence officer Yigal Carmon and Israeli-American political scientist Meyrav Wurmser in 1997. In spite of describing itself as being "independent" and "non-partisan" in nature, critics describe MEMRI as a strongly pro-Israel advocacy group that aims to portray the Arab world and the Muslim world in a negative light by producing and disseminating incomplete or inaccurate translations of the original versions of the media reports that it republishes. It has also been accused of selectively focusing on the views of Islamic extremists while de-emphasizing or ignoring mainstream opinions. History The organization was co-founded by Yigal Carmon, an ex- Aman agent, and Meyrav Wurmser, a political scientist. It was incorporated in Washington, D.C., as the Middle East Media and Research Ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Intervention In The Syrian Civil War
From the 2000s until the fall of the Assad regime, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Syrian Arab Republic were close strategic allies, and Iran provided significant support for the Syrian Ba'athist government in the Syrian civil war, including logistical, technical and financial support, as well as training and combat troops. Iran saw the survival of the Assad regime as being crucial to its regional interests.Iranian Strategy in Syria , , Executive Summary + Full report, May 2013 When the uprising developed into the Syrian civil war, there were increasing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Intervention In The Syrian Civil War
{{Infobox military conflict , partof = the foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war, foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war, and the war against the Islamic State , image = , image_size = , border = , caption = Various military operations carried out via sea, air and land in Syria , date = 30 September 2015 – 8 December 2024({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=09, day1=30, year1=2015) , place = Syria , width = 300px , coordinates = , map_type = , map_relief = , latitude = , longitude = , map_size = , map_marksize = , map_caption = , map_label = , territory = , result = Syrian opposition victory * Russian forces fail to prevent the fall of the Assad regime * Russian forces begin withdrawal after the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives, 2024 opposition offensive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syrian Armed Forces
The Syrian Armed Forces () are the military forces of Syria. Up until the fall of Bashar al-Assad's Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Ba'ath Party Ba'athist Syria, regime in December 2024, the Syrian Arab Armed Forces were the state armed forces. They consisted of the Syrian Army, Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Arab Air Force, Syrian Arab Navy, Syrian Air Defence Force, Syrian Arab Air Defence Force, and paramilitary forces, such as the National Defence Forces. According to the 2012 Constitution of Ba'athist Syria, the President of Syria was the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The Ministry of Defense (Syria), Minister of Defense held the position of Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Armed Forces. After 1943, the Syrian Army played a major role in Syria's governance, mounting six military coups: two in 1949, including the March 1949 Syrian coup d'état and the August 1949 Syrian coup d'état, August 1949 coup by Colonel Sami al-Hinnawi, and one each in 195 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamza Division (Aleppo)
The Hamza Division () is a Syrian opposition, Syrian rebel group in northwestern Syria affiliated with the Syrian National Army, trained and equipped by the United States, the United Kingdom and Turkey as part of the Syrian Train and Equip Program. Formed in 2013, it cooperates with the Turkish Armed Forces in the Turkish occupation of northern Syria. In 2018, Turkey "deployed 600 members of the Kurdish Falcon Brigade to join the Hamza Division" in "what may have been an.. [attempt] to counter accusations of anti-Kurdish discrimination". As of 2018, the Hamza Division is "made up of 200 Kurdish and 400 Arab fighters" trained and armed by Turkey. Leadership The group was led by Abu al-Sheikh until he was killed in a battle against Islamic State, ISIS on April 2016. He was replaced by Sayf Bulad, Sayf Abu Bakr as the leader of the Hamza Division, Abu Bakr is an alleged convert of ISIS and was a prominent member of other Syrian rebel groups. History 2013 The Hamza Division ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Suleiman Shah Division
The Sultan Suleiman Shah Division (), is a Turkish-backed faction in Syria operating under the Syrian National Army in the Syrian civil war. The group is also known as Suleiman Shah Brigade, and Amsha or al-Amshat after the nom de guerre of its commander, Mohammed al-Jassem. The group committed many crimes throughout its existence, these include looting, extortion, kidnapping, rape and forced displacement. The group was sanctoned by United States for its human rights abuses in Afrin region. The group also participated in 2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites. History The group was founded by Mohammed al-Jassem, a former commander of Free Syrian Army-affiliated militias. The group claims to have more than 2000 fighters which it trains in camps in northern Aleppo. In the early days of Syrian civil war, al-Jassem founded a rebel group called "Line of Fire Brigade", it was mainly composed of his Bani Jamil clan. Line of Fire Brigade initially aligned with the Free Syrian Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaysh Al-Islam
Jaysh al-Islam (, meaning ''Army of Islam''), formerly known as Liwa al-Islam (, Brigade of Islam), is a coalition of Islamist rebel units involved in the Syrian Civil War. The group was part of the Free Syrian Army's Supreme Military Council until December 2013, but in November 2013 started the Syrian Islamic Front and the next month broke with the SMC and the Free Syrian Army. Its primary base of operations was the Damascus area, particularly the city of Douma and the rest of the region of Eastern Ghouta, where Jaysh al-Islam was the largest rebel faction, as was Liwa al-Islam before. Following the fall of Ghouta to Assad's forces, Jaysh al-Islam retreated to areas controlled by the Turkish Backed Free Syrian Army, where it reportedly joined the FSA, after years of separation from FSA command. The group along with Ahrar al-Sham was among the main rebel groups supported by Saudi Arabia. The group has promoted an Islamic state under Sharia law. In 2015, its then leade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Independent
''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition. The daily edition was named National Newspaper of the Year at the 2004 British Press Awards. ''The Independent'' won the Brand of the Year Award in The Drum Awards for Online Media 2023. History 1980s Launched in 1986, the first issue of ''The Independent'' was published on 7 October in broadsheet format.Dennis Griffiths (ed.) ''The Encyclopedia of the British Press, 1422–1992'', London & Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992, p. 330. It was produced by Newspaper Publishing plc and created by Andreas Whittam Smith, Stephen Glover and Matthew Symonds. All three partners were former journalists at ''The Daily Telegraph'' who had left the paper towards the end of Lord Hartwell' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Levant Front
The Levant Front (, Jabhat al-Shamiyah, also translated as the Sham Front or the Levantine Front) was a Syrian revolutionary group based around Aleppo involved in the Syrian Civil War. It was formed in December 2014. The northern branch of the Levant Front is part of the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army. The Netherlands' public prosecutor declared it to be a terrorist organisation in 2018, despite the Dutch government having earlier provided it with support. At the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference, which was held on 29 January 2025, most factions of the armed opposition, including the Levant Front, announced their dissolution and were incorporated into the newly formed Ministry of Defense. Ideology The Levant Front's membership includes the major Sunni Islamist groups operating in northern Syria, representing a spectrum of ideologies from hardline Islamism to apolitical factions linked to the Free Syrian Army. The group imposes Sharia law where murder and apostasy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sultan Murad Division
The Sultan Murad Division (; ''Firqat al-Sultan Murad''; ) is a Syrian Turkmen rebel group fighting in the Syrian Civil War. It is aligned with the Syrian Interim Government and heavily supported by Turkey, who provides funding and military training along with artillery and aerial support. It is the most notable group among Syrian Turkmen Brigades also supported by Turkey. Ideology and structure The Sultan Murad Division is one of several Syrian rebel groups that support or at least tolerate Islamist, Turkish nationalist or pan-Turkic ideologies like Neo-Ottomanism and Turanism. Among the commanders of the group are Ahmed Othman, Fahim Issa and Ali Şeyh Salih, who is an ethnic Arab. Equipment Among the Syrian rebel groups participating in the Turkish military intervention in Syria, the Sultan Murad Division is the group that receives the most support from the Turkish Armed Forces. It operates at least 8 FNSS ACV-15 armoured personnel carriers during the operation. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
