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Darwin Region Languages
The Darwin Region languages are a small family of poorly attested Australian Aboriginal languages of northern Australia proposed by linguist Mark Harvey. It unites the pair of Limilngan languages with two language isolates:Bowern, Claire. 2011.How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?, ''Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web'', December 23, 2011correctedFebruary 6, 2012) * Laragiya (nearly extinct) *Limilngan: **Limilngan The Limilngan, also known by the exonym Minitja and (based on a language dialect) Buneidja, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory. Earlier ethnologists such as Norman Tindale referred to the group as Puneitja or variants o ... † ** Wulna † *Umbugarlic: ** Umbugarla † ** Ngurmbur? ** Bugurnidja? Ngurmbur and Bugurnidja are poorly attested extinct languages, which are joined with Umbugarla to form the Umbugarlic branch. Tryon (2007) lists the following varieties of Umbugarla–Ngumbur: :Ngunbudj (Gonbudj), Umbugar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darwin, Australia
Darwin ( ; Larrakia: ) is the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia. With an estimated population of 147,255 as of 2019, the city contains the majority of the residents of the sparsely populated Northern Territory. It is the smallest, wettest, and most northerly of the Australian capital cities and serves as the Top End's regional centre. Darwin's proximity to Southeast Asia makes the city's location a key link between Australia and countries such as Indonesia and East Timor. The Stuart Highway begins in Darwin, extends southerly across central Australia through Tennant Creek and Alice Springs, concluding in Port Augusta, South Australia. The city is built upon a low bluff overlooking Darwin Harbour. Darwin's suburbs begin at Lee Point in the north and stretch to Berrimah in the east. The Stuart Highway extends to Darwin's eastern satellite city of Palmerston and its suburbs. The Darwin region, like much of the Top End, experiences a tropical climate with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Alligator River
Alligator Rivers is the name of an area in an Arnhem Land region of the Northern Territory of Australia, containing three rivers, the East, West, and South Alligator Rivers. It is regarded as one of the richest biological regions in Australia, with part of the region in the Kakadu National Park. It is an Important Bird Area (IBA), lying to the east of the Adelaide and Mary River Floodplains IBA. It also contains mineral deposits, especially uranium, and the Ranger Uranium Mine is located there. The area is also rich in Australian Aboriginal art, with 1500 sites. The Kakadu National Park is one of the few World Heritage sites on the list because of both its natural and human heritage values. They were explored by Lieutenant Phillip Parker King in 1820, who named them in the mistaken belief that the crocodiles in the estuaries were alligators. Rivers The East Alligator River is about long. After rising in the northern part of the Arnhem Land Plateau, it flows with tributary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Family
A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ''ancestral language'' or ''parental language'', called the proto-language of that family. The term "family" reflects the tree model of language origination in historical linguistics, which makes use of a metaphor comparing languages to people in a biological family tree, or in a subsequent modification, to species in a phylogenetic tree of evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists therefore describe the ''daughter languages'' within a language family as being ''genetically related''. According to '' Ethnologue'' there are 7,151 living human languages distributed in 142 different language families. A living language is defined as one that is the first language of at least one person. The language families with the most speakers are: the Indo-European family, with many widely spoken languages native to Europe (such as English and Spanish) and South Asia (such as Hindi and Bengali); and the Sino-Tibeta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limilngan Language
Limilngan, also known as Limil and Manidja (also spelt Manitja), is an extinct Aboriginal Australian language of the Top End of Australia. Names and ownership The language as well as its speakers are known by three names: Limilngan, Limil and Manidja / Manitja, the latter being an exonym. Buneidja is regarded as the same language, and the people are sometimes referred to by this name. Traditional lands Limilngan was spoken in the Darwin Darwin may refer to: Common meanings * Charles Darwin (1809–1882), English naturalist and writer, best known as the originator of the theory of biological evolution by natural selection * Darwin, Northern Territory, a territorial capital city i ... hinterland, in the Mary River (Northern Territory) area of Kakadu. Phonology The Limilngan language uses the three vowel system; /a/, /i/, /u/. The three sounds can result in allophones as /ɑ,æ/, /ɪ/, and /ʊ/. Vocabulary Limilngan plant and animal names: Animals : Plants : Foot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laragiya Language
The Laragiya language, also spelt Larrakia (deriving from Larrakia people), and also known as Gulumirrgin, is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by just six people near the city of Darwin in northern Australia as of 1983. Only 14 people claimed to know the Laragiya language in 2016. Laragiya was once considered a language isolate, but Mark Harvey has made a case for it being part of a family of Darwin Region languages. Linguist Arthur Capell wrote, :"Even in 1950 there were no children speaking it, and most of the older people who spoke it in 1952 (when the bulk of these notes was gathered) were found on the Delissaville Reserve (now Belyuen ), across the harbour from Darwin. By 1968, reports of only two speakers could be gained, and these far away from Darwin. In former times, however, the tribe was fairly large, and its territory extended to the Adelaide River, where it joined that of a tribe called " Woolna" by the early writers, while on the south-east it was bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbugarla Language
Umbugarla or Mbukarla is a possible Australian Aboriginal languages, Australian language isolate once spoken by three people in Arnhem Land, northern Australia, in 1981, and is now extinct. Classification Umbugarla was once considered a language isolate (together with Ngurmbur language, Ngurmbur as a dialect), but Mark Harvey (linguist), Mark Harvey has made a case for it being part of a family of Darwin Region languages.Bowern, Claire. 2011.How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?, ''Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web'', December 23, 2011correctedFebruary 6, 2012) References External links Umbugarla Swadesh List at the Internet Archive Darwin Region languages Extinct languages of the Northern Territory Language isolates of Australia {{Ia-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Aboriginal Languages
The Indigenous languages of Australia number in the hundreds, the precise number being quite uncertain, although there is a range of estimates from a minimum of around 250 (using the technical definition of 'language' as non-mutually intelligible varieties) up to possibly 363. The Indigenous languages of Australia comprise numerous language families and isolates, perhaps as many as 13, spoken by the Indigenous peoples of mainland Australia and a few nearby islands. The relationships between the language families are not clear at present although there are proposals to link some into larger groupings. Despite this uncertainty, the Indigenous Australian languages are collectively covered by the technical term "Australian languages", or the "Australian family". The term can include both Tasmanian languages and the Western Torres Strait language, but the genetic relationship to the mainland Australian languages of the former is unknown, while the latter is Pama–Nyungan, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Isolate
Language isolates are languages that cannot be classified into larger language families. Korean and Basque are two of the most common examples. Other language isolates include Ainu in Asia, Sandawe in Africa, and Haida in North America. The number of language isolates is unknown. A language isolate is unrelated to any other, which makes it the only language in its own language family. It is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationships—one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. One explanation for the existence of language isolates is that they might be the last remaining branch of a larger language family. The language possibly had relatives in the past which have since disappeared without being documented. Another explanation for language isolates is that they developed in isolation from other languages. This explanation mostly applies to sign languages that have arisen independently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wulna Language
Wulna (Wuna) is an extinct indigenous language of Australia. It had one speaker left in 1981. It is poorly attested and only tentatively classified as being related to Limilngan. The State Library of New South Wales has an original copy oVocabulary of the Woolner District Dialect, Adelaide River, Northern Territoryby John W. O. Bennett (published in 1869) which it has made available online as scanned images. The book documents the vocabulary and pronunciation of Wulna in general, in addition to place names from the Adelaide River region of Norther Territory. The original copy has been annotated by Paul Foelsche, the first police inspector of Northern Territory, who has added his own words to the vocabulary list, and his own corrections on pronunciation. External links * Paradisec has an open access collection of Gavan Breen Gavan Breen (born 22 January 1935), OAM, also known as J.G. Breen, is an Australian linguist, specialising in the description of Australian Aborigina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngurmbur Language
Ngomburr, also spelt Ngumbur, is a supposed extinct Australian Aboriginal language. It has sometimes been assumed to be a dialect of Umbugarla, but it is not attested; the only evidence to go on is that neighbouring peoples reported that it was similar to Umbugarla.Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices It was spoken to the west of the South Alligator River, between the Ga'baarlgu and the South Alligator River Alligator Rivers is the name of an area in an Arnhem Land region of the Northern Territory of Australia, containing three rivers, the East, West, and South Alligator Rivers. It is regarded as one of the richest biological regions in Australia, ..., in Kakadu, Northern Territory. There were two speakers recorded in 1975, but none since then, on the AUSTLANG database. References Unattested languages of Australia Extinct languages of the Northern Territory Darwin Region languages Arnhem Land {{Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bugurnidja Language
Bugurnidja is an Australian Aboriginal language of Arnhem Land in northern Australia. Almost nothing is known of it; apparently Nicholas Evans collected some data from a single speaker, and this showed similarities to Ngomburr The Ngormburr, also known as Murumburr and other variants, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory. Country The Ngormbur are thought to have had approximately of land located between the West and South Alligator rivers, .... References Darwin Region languages Extinct languages of the Northern Territory {{Ia-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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