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Dana Expeditions
The Dana expeditions were four Danish research expeditions from 1920 to 1930. The first two were undertaken by the ''Dana I'' and the third by the ''Dana II''. They were funded in part by the Carlsberg Foundation and led by Johannes Schmidt. The first three expeditions took place from 1920 to 1922 and the fourth and final was from 1928 to 1930. They centered around investigating the breeding of eels. The first two expeditions allowed Schmidt to prove his theory that European eels migrate to the Sargasso Sea to spawn. The final expedition traveled to the Indian Ocean and gathered numerous samples. First expeditions (1920–1922) Planning From 1920 to 1922, ''Dana'' undertook a series of three expeditions that were led by the marine biologist Johannes Schmidt. Schmidt and C. F. Dreschel had first proposed an expedition that would explore the deep sea of the Atlantic Ocean in 1916. Although the two men originally envisioned a single large expedition, in January 1917 Schmi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dana (1919)
''Dana'' was a four-masted motor schooner built for the Danish East Asiatic Company (EAK) and launched in 1919. It was made available to the Danish marine biologist Johannes Schmidt, who used it for two expeditions to the Sargasso Sea in 1920–1921. The main goal of the expeditions, named the first and second Dana expeditions, was searching for the spawning grounds of the European eel. The ship was returned to service in EAK after the expeditions and sold to Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ... in 1924, where it was renamed to ''Carina''. Later sold to Italy (1934) and renamed ''Giuseppina V'', it was lost 30 August 1941 during the bombing of Tripoli. Dana was succeeded by the research vessel ''Dana'' (II). References {{reflist Research vessels of De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Council For The Exploration Of The Sea
The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES; , ''CIEM'') is a regional fishery advisory body and the world's oldest intergovernmental science organization. ICES is headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark, where its multinational secretariat staff of 51 provide scientific, administrative and secretarial support to the ICES community. It was established on July 22, 1902, in Copenhagen. Functions ICES is a leading multidisciplinary scientific forum for the exchange of information and ideas on all aspects of marine sciences pertaining to the North Atlantic, including the adjacent Baltic Sea and North Sea, and for the promotion and coordination of marine research by scientists within its member nations. Its principal functions, both when it was established and continuing to the present time, are to: (i) promote, encourage, develop, and coordinate marine research; (ii) publish and otherwise disseminate results of research; and (iii) provide non-biased, non-political scie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indo-Pacific
The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the seas connecting the two. The term is especially useful in marine biology, ichthyology, and similar fields, since many marine habitats are continuously connected from Madagascar to Japan and Oceania, and a number of species occur over that range, but are not found in the Atlantic Ocean. As a distinct marine realm, the region has an exceptionally high species richness, with the world's highest species richness being found in at its heart in the Coral Triangle, and a remarkable gradient of decreasing species richness radiating outward in all directions. The region includes over 3,000 species of fish, compared with around 1,200 in the next richest marine region, the Western Atlantic, and around 500 species of reef building corals, compar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dana II Leaving Copenhagen
Dana may refer to: Businesses and organisations * Dana (company), a Slovenian beverage company * Dana (payment service), in Indonesia * Dana Air, a Nigerian airline * Dana College, formerly in Nebraska, U.S. * Dana Energy, an Iranian oil and gas company * Dana Gas, a natural gas company Sharjah, United Arab Emirates * Dana Incorporated, an American auto parts firm * Dana Foundation, an American private philanthropic foundation * Dana Mall, in Manama, Bahrain * Dana Petroleum, a Scottish oil and gas exploration and production company * Dana Research Centre and Library, in London, England * House of Dana, a perfumery founded in 1932 People * Dana (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Dana (surname), including a list of people with the surname * Dana family, a Boston Brahmin family * James Dwight Dana (1813–1895), scientist, zoological author abbreviation Dana. * Dana Rosemary Scallon (born 1951), known mononymously a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desmid
Desmidiales, commonly called the desmids (''Gr.'' ''desmos'', bond or chain), are an Order (biology), order in the Charophyta, a division of green algae in which the land plants (Embryophyta) emerged. Desmids consist of single-celled (sometimes filamentous or colonial) microscopic green algae. Because desmids are highly symmetrical, attractive, and come in a diversity of forms, they are popular subjects for microscopy, microscopists, both amateur and professional. The desmids belong to the class Zygnematophyceae. Although they are sometimes grouped together as a single family Desmidiaceae, most classifications recognize three to five families, usually within their own order, Desmidiales. The Desmidiales comprise around 40 genus, genera and 5,000 to 6,000Brook, Alan J., 1981. ''The Biology of Desmids'', page 1. (Berkeley: University of California Press). species, found mostly but not exclusively in fresh water. In general, desmids prefer acidic waters (pH between 4.8 and 7.0), so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Gatun
A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from the ocean, although they may be connected with the ocean by rivers. Lakes, as with other bodies of water, are part of the water cycle, the processes by which water moves around the Earth. Most lakes are fresh water and account for almost all the world's surface freshwater, but some are salt lakes with salinities even higher than that of seawater. Lakes vary significantly in surface area and volume of water. Lakes are typically larger and deeper than ponds, which are also water-filled basins on land, although there are no official definitions or scientific criteria distinguishing the two. Lakes are also distinct from lagoons, which are generally shallow tidal pools dammed by sandbars or other material at coastal regions of oceans or large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upwelling
Upwelling is an physical oceanography, oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water from deep water towards the ocean surface. It replaces the warmer and usually nutrient-depleted surface water. The nutrient-rich upwelled water stimulates the growth and reproduction of primary producers such as phytoplankton. The biomass of phytoplankton and the presence of cool water in those regions allow upwelling zones to be identified by cool sea surface temperatures (SST) and high concentrations of chlorophyll a. The increased availability of nutrients in upwelling regions results in high levels of primary production and thus fishery production. Approximately 25% of the total global marine fish catches come from five upwellings, which occupy only 5% of the total ocean area.Jennings, S., Kaiser, M.J., Reynolds, J.D. (2001) "Marine Fisheries Ecology." Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. Upwellings that are driven by coastal ocean curr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxygen Minimum Zone
The oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), sometimes referred to as the shadow zone, is the zone in which oxygen saturation in seawater in the ocean is at its lowest. This zone occurs at depths of about , depending on local circumstances. OMZs are found worldwide, typically along the western coast of continents, in areas where an interplay of physical and biological processes concurrently lower the oxygen concentration (biological processes) and restrict the water from mixing with surrounding waters (physical processes), creating a "pool" of water where oxygen concentrations fall from the normal range of 4–6 mg/L to below 2 mg/L. Physical and biological processes Surface ocean waters generally have oxygen concentrations close to equilibrium with the Earth's atmosphere. In general, colder waters hold more oxygen than warmer waters. As water moves out of the mixed layer into the thermocline, it is exposed to a rain of organic matter from above. Aerobic bacteria feed on this o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panama Canal
The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. It cuts across the narrowest point of the Isthmus of Panama, and is a Channel (geography), conduit for maritime trade between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Lock (water navigation), Locks at each end lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial fresh water lake Above mean sea level, above sea level, created by damming the Chagres River and Lake Alajuela to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal. Locks then lower the ships at the other end. An average of of fresh water is used in a single passing of a ship. The canal is threatened by low water levels during droughts. The Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduces the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage, the Strait of Magellan or the Beagle Channel. Its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charleston, South Carolina
Charleston is the List of municipalities in South Carolina, most populous city in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the confluence of the Ashley River, Ashley, Cooper River (South Carolina), Cooper, and Wando River, Wando rivers. Charleston had a population of 150,227 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. The population of the Charleston metropolitan area, South Carolina, Charleston metropolitan area, comprising Berkeley County, South Carolina, Berkeley, Charleston County, South Carolina, Charleston, and Dorchester County, South Carolina, Dorchester counties, was estimated to be 849,417 in 2023. It ranks as the South Carolina statistical areas, third-most populous metropolitan area in the state and the Metropolitan statistical area, 71st-most populous in the U.S. It is the county seat of Charleston County, South Carolina, Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bermuda Islands
Bermuda is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. The closest land outside the territory is in the American state of North Carolina, about to the west-northwest. Bermuda is an archipelago consisting of List of islands of Bermuda, 181 islands, although the most significant islands are connected by bridges and appear to form one landmass. It has a land area of . Bermuda has a tropical climate, with warm winters and hot summers. Its climate also exhibits Oceanic climate, oceanic features similar to other coastal areas in the Northern Hemisphere with warm, moist air from the ocean ensuring relatively high humidity and stabilising temperatures. Bermuda is prone to severe weather from Westerlies#Interaction with tropical cyclones, recurving tropical cyclones; however, it receives some protection from a coral reef and its position north of the Main Development Region, which limits the direction and severity of approach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Eel
The American eel (''Anguilla rostrata'') is a facultative catadromous eel found on the eastern coast of North America. Anguillidae, Freshwater eels are fish belonging to the Elopomorpha, elopomorph superorder, a group of Phylogenetics, phylogenetically ancient teleosts. The American eel has a slender, supple, snake-like body that is covered with a mucus layer, which makes the eel appear to be naked and slimy despite the presence of minute Fish scale, scales. A long dorsal fin runs from the middle of the back and is continuous with a similar ventral fin. Pelvic fins are absent, and relatively small pectoral fin, pectoral fins can be found near the midline, followed by the head and gill covers. Variations exist in coloration, from olive green, brown shading to greenish-yellow and light gray or white on the belly. Eels from clear water are often lighter than those from dark, Blackwater river, tannic acid streams. The eel lives in fresh water and estuaries and only leaves these habi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
