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Xingu Peoples
The Xingu are an indigenous people of Brazil living near the Xingu River. They are the Aweti, Kalapalo, Kamaiurá, Kayapó, Kuikuro, Matipu, Mehinako, Nahukuá, Suyá, Trumai people, Trumai, Wauja and the Yawalapiti peoples. They have many cultural similarities despite their different ethnicity and language groups. Xingu people represent fifteen tribes and all four of Brazil's indigenous language groups, but they share similar belief systems, rituals and ceremonies. Precolumbian history The Upper Xingu region was heavily populated prior to European and African contact. Densely populated settlements developed from 1200 to 1600 CE. Ancient roads and bridges linked communities that were often surrounded by ditches or moats. The villages were pre-planned and featured circular plazas. Archaeologists have unearthed 19 villages so far.Wren, Kathleen"Lost cities of the Amazon revealed."'NBC News' (retrieved 25 June 2019) Post-contact history Kuikuro oral history says Portuguese History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehinako
The Mehinaku, Mehináko or Mehinacu are an indigenous people of Brazil. They live in the Indigenous Park of the Xingu, located around the headwaters of the Xingu River in Mato Grosso. They currently reside in area around the Tuatuari River, Tuatuari and Kurisevo Rivers. They had a population of 254 in 2011, up slightly from 200 in 2002. Name The Mehinaku are also known as the Mehináko, Meinaco, Meinacu, Meinaku, Mehináku, Mahinaku, Mehinaco, and Minaco people. Language The Mehinaku speak the Mehináku language, an Arawakan language. They also speak some Portuguese. A dialect of their language, Waurá-kumá is related to the Waurá language. History Like many indigenous tribes, the Mehinaku do not keep detailed, chronological historical records going back more than a few generations. The oldest known village established by the Mehinaku was set up sometime around or before 1850 and was called Yulutakitsi. However, because the community no longer exists, the exact location of its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villas-Bôas Brothers
Orlando (1914–2002) and his brothers Cláudio (1916–1998) and Leonardo Villas-Bôas (1918–1961) were Brazilian brothers who worked in indigenous activism. In 1961 they succeeded in getting the entire upper Xingu legally protected, making it the first massive indigenous area in all South America, and the prototype for dozens of similar reserves all over the continent. Pioneers The explorer John Hemming wrote that the Villas-Bôas were pioneers in many ways. They were almost the first non-missionaries to live permanently with the natives; and they treated them as their equals and friends. They persuaded tribes to end internecine feuds and unite to confront the encroaching settlement frontier. The Villas-Bôas were the first to appreciate the value of politics and the media in furthering the indigenous cause. They also devised a policy of "change, but only at the speed the Indians want". In the 1950s, Brazilian explorer and defender of indigenous people, Cândido Rondon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleiades
The Pleiades (), also known as Seven Sisters and Messier 45 (M45), is an Asterism (astronomy), asterism of an open cluster, open star cluster containing young Stellar classification#Class B, B-type stars in the northwest of the constellation Taurus (constellation), Taurus. At a distance of about 444 light-years, it is among the nearest star clusters to Earth and the nearest Messier object to Earth, being the most obvious star cluster to the naked eye in the night sky. It is also observed to house the reflection nebula NGC 1432, an HII region. Around 2330 BC it marked the vernal point. Due to the brightness of its stars, the Pleiades is viewable from most areas on Earth, even in locations with significant light pollution. The cluster is dominated by OB star, hot blue luminous stars that have formed within the last 100 million years. Reflection nebulae around the brightest stars were once thought to be leftover material from their formation, but are now considered likely to be an u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bixa Orellana
''Bixa orellana'', also known as achiote, is a shrub or small tree native to Central America. ''Bixa orellana'' is grown in many countries worldwide. The plant is best known as the source of annatto, a natural orange-red condiment (also called or ) obtained from the waxy arils that cover its seeds. The ground seeds are widely used in traditional dishes in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, such as '' cochinita pibil'', chicken in , , and . Annatto and its extracts are also used as an industrial food coloring to add yellow or orange color to many products such as butter, cheese, margarine, ice creams, meats, and condiments. Some of the indigenous peoples of North, Central, and South America originally used the seeds to make red body paint and lipstick, as well as a spice. For this reason, the ''Bixa orellana'' is sometimes called the lipstick tree. Etymology and common names The name ''Bixa orellana'' was given by Linnaeus. The botanical genus name derives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genipa Americana
''Genipa americana'' () is a species of trees in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to the tropical forests of North and South America, as well as the Caribbean. Description ''Genipa americana'' trees are up to 30 m tall and up to 60 cm dbh. Their bark is smooth with little fissures. The leaves are opposite, obovate, or obovate oblong, 10–35 cm long, 6–13 cm wide, and glossy dark green, with entire margin, acute or acuminate apex, and attenuated base. The inflorescences are cymes up to 10 cm long. The flowers are white to yellowish, slightly fragrant, calyx bell-shaped, corolla at 2–4.5 cm long, trumpet-shaped, and five- or six-lobed. The five short stamens are inserted on top of the corolla tube. The fruit is a thick-skinned edible greyish berry 10–12 cm long, 5–9 cm in diameter. Distribution and habitat ''Genipa americana'' is native to the tropical forests of the Americas, from the Caribbean south to Argentina. It is present fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In January 2020, the disease spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. The symptoms of COVID‑19 can vary but often include fever, fatigue, cough, breathing difficulties, anosmia, loss of smell, and ageusia, loss of taste. Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days incubation period, after exposure to the virus. At least a third of people who are infected asymptomatic, do not develop noticeable symptoms. Of those who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classified as patients, most (81%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while 14% develop severe symptoms (dyspnea, hypoxia (medical), hypoxia, or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging), and 5% develop critical symptoms (respiratory failure, shock (circulatory), shock, or organ dysfunction, multiorgan dysfunction). Older people have a higher risk of developing severe symptoms. Some complicati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aritana Yawalapiti
Aritana Yawalapiti (15 July 1949 – 5 August 2020) was a Brazilian ''cacique'' (tribal chieftain) of the Yawalapiti indigenous tribe of Brazil inside the Xingu Indigenous Park. He served as President of the Instituto de Pesquisa Etno Ambiental Xingu. Biography He was the son of indigenous chief Paru Yawalapiti and his wife, Tepori Kamaiurá. During his childhood, he was mentored by the Villas-Bôas brothers, who taught him the importance of maintaining a natural habitat. In 1964, when he was 15 years old, he met the former king Leopold III of Belgium while the latter was on an expedition into indigenous reservations in Mato Grosso. Prepared from a young age, Yawalapiti ascended to the rank of cacique in the 1980s, devoting himself to the rights of indigenous people in Brazil. In particular, he focused on the environment, demarcation of land, health, and education. His action earned him the representation of other indigenous groups in the Xingu Indigenous Park. He was interview ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Festa Do Kuarup Dança Em Frente Dos Troncos
Festa may refer to: *Feast day for a Christian saint, in Italian, Portuguese, Galician, and Maltese *Festa della Repubblica, the Italian National Day and Republic Day * Festa (surname) Festa is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Alberto Festa (born 1939), Portuguese footballer * Chris Festa (born 1985), American race car driver * Costanzo Festa (1495–1545), Italian composer * David Festa (born 2000), American ... Music * ''Festa'' (album), by Ivete Sangalo, or the title song, 2001 * "Festa" (song), by MAX, 2003 See also * {{disambiguation, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cassava
''Manihot esculenta'', common name, commonly called cassava, manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America, from Brazil, Paraguay and parts of the Andes. Although a perennial plant, cassava is extensively cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions as an annual crop for its edible starchy tuberous root. Cassava is predominantly consumed in boiled form, but substantial quantities are processed to extract cassava starch, called tapioca, which is used for food, animal feed, and industrial purposes. The Brazilian , and the related ''garri'' of West Africa, is an edible coarse flour obtained by grating cassava roots, pressing moisture off the obtained grated pulp, and finally drying it (and roasting in the case of both and ''garri''). Cassava is the third-largest source of carbohydrates in food in the tropics, after rice and maize, making it an important staple food, staple; more than 500 million pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mbeju
Mbeju is a starch cake sometimes made with fariña or manioc flour typical of Paraguay. The recipe has existed since the 18th century and its origins lie with the indigenous Cario-Guarani people that lived in Asunción and its surroundings. The name "mbejú" (also written "mbeyú") means "cake" and comes from the Guarani language. Guarani is one of the two official languages of Paraguay, which defines itself as being bilingual and multi-cultural. The mbejú is bound to the Guarani mythology to be one of the most ancient recipes of this culture. Traditionally, there were about 16 ways to prepare it, although nowadays, 11 are recognized. Next to the chipa and the sopa paraguaya it is part of the so-called "tyra", a Guarani term for food consumed to accompany the "mate cocido", milk or coffee, or simply an addition to other dishes. History Some revisionist historians point out that, during the colonial era, the German traveler Ulrich Schmidl was already talking about the recipe f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shamanism
Shamanism is a spiritual practice that involves a practitioner (shaman) interacting with the spirit world through altered states of consciousness, such as trance. The goal of this is usually to direct spirits or spiritual energies into the physical world for the purpose of healing, divination, or to aid human beings in some other way. Beliefs and practices categorized as shamanic have attracted the interest of scholars from a variety of disciplines, including anthropologists, archeologists, historians, religious studies scholars, philosophers, and psychologists. Hundreds of books and academic papers on the subject have been produced, with a peer-reviewed academic journal being devoted to the study of shamanism. Terminology Etymology The Modern English word ''shamanism'' derives from the Russian word , , which itself comes from the word from a Tungusic language – possibly from the southwestern dialect of the Evenki spoken by the Sym Evenki peoples, or from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xingu (4618171856)
Xingu may refer to: * Distinctly Brazilian topics: ** Major, and also original, senses: *** Xingu River, in north Brazil, southeast tributary of the Amazon *** Xingu peoples, indigenous peoples living near the Xingu River *** Xingu Indigenous Park, located in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil ** Strongly related to the river and/or peoples: *** ''Xingu'' (film), 2011 Brazilian drama by director Cao Hamburger *** Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Xingu, located in the area of the Xingu River *** Xingu corydoras (''Corydoras xinguensis''), a tropical freshwater fish *** Xingu River ray (''Potamotrygon leopoldi''), a tropical freshwater ray endemic to the river *** Xingu Beer, a beer named after the river. *** Embraer EMB 121 Xingu, twin turboprop light airplane *** ''Xingu!'', 2007 comic book in the Vic Voyage series * Exotic names (but lacking obvious relationship to Latin America): ** Xingu Hill, a project of musician John Sellekaers ** Prose fiction: *** Xingu, character in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
