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Wiencke Island
Wiencke Island is an island long and from wide, about in area, the southernmost of the major islands of the Palmer Archipelago, lying between Anvers Island to its north across the Neumayer Channel and the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula to its east across the Gerlache Strait. Description The rocky island is mostly covered by glaciers, snow and ice. Some small rocky beaches lie on the western and northern sides of the island. There, some grasses, moss and lichens can be found. There are three mountain ridges, with Nemo Peak, high, to the north-west; Nipple Peak to the north-east; and Luigi Peak, high, to the south-west. Luigi Peak is the island's summit, despite it never having been completely surveyed. Wiencke's northernmost point is Cape Astrup, a bold, dark-colored bluff discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99. It was named by Adrien de Gerlache for Eivind Astrup, Norwegian Arctic explorer and member of Robert Peary's expeditions to G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean (also known as the Antarctic Ocean), it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of . Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of . Antarctica is, on average, the coldest, driest, and windiest of the continents, and it has the highest average elevation. It is mainly a polar desert, with annual Climate of Antarctica#Precipitation, precipitation of over along the coast and far less inland. About 70% of the world's freshwater reserves are frozen in Antarctica, which, if melted, would raise global sea levels by almost . Antarctica holds the record for the Lowest temperature recorded on Earth, lowest measured temperature on Earth, . The coastal regions can reach temperatures over in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape.Whittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984, pp. 80, 246. . Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff. Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RV Belgica (1884)
''Belgica'' was a barque-rigged steamship that was built in 1884 by Christian Brinch Jørgensen at Svelvik, Norway as the whaler ''Patria''. In 1896, she was purchased by Adrien de Gerlache for conversion to a research ship, taking part in the Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1901, becoming the first ship to overwinter in the Antarctic. In 1902, she was sold to Philippe, Duke of Orléans and used on expeditions to the Arctic in 1905 and from 1907 to 1909. In 1916, she was sold and converted to a passenger and cargo ship, serving Spitsbergen from the Norwegian mainland under the name ''Isfjord''. In 1918, she was sold and renamed ''Belgica'', being converted to a factory ship. Requisitioned by the British in April 1940, she was used as a depôt ship, being scuttled when the Franco-British Expeditionary Force evacuated Harstad in northern Norway. In 2007, plans to build a modern replica of ''Belgica'' were announced. Description The ship was long, with a beam of and a d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Dallmann
Eduard Dallmann (11 March 1830 – 23 December 1896) was a German whaler, trader, and Polar explorer. Dallmann was born in Blumenthal, at-the-time a village just to the north of Bremen. He began his adventures as a young sailor at the age of 15. In 1866, he became captain of the Hawaii-registered ship ''W.C. Talbot'' and undertook trading trips through the Bering and Chukchi Seas to locations in Alaska and Chukotka. He was the first European to set foot on Wrangel Island. From 1867 to 1870, he commanded the ''Count Bismarck'' on a whaling cruise to the Pacific tropics and the Bering and Chukchi seas.''Friend'', of Honolulu, December 1, 1869, Vol. 19, No. 12, p. 104. From 1872 to 1874, when whales became more of a rarity in Arctic waters, Dallmann was commissioned to explore the Antarctic seas on the sailing-steamer ''Grönland''. The operation was moderately successful from a whaling point-of-view, but more importantly, Dallmann made many discoveries around Antarcticaâ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Foster (scientist)
Henry Foster (1797 – 5 February 1831) was a Royal Navy, British naval officer and scientist who took part in expeditions to both the Arctic and Antarctic, and made notable scientific contributions to studies of the figure of the earth and the earth's magnetic field. Career Foster was the eldest son of the Rev. Henry Foster of Woodplumpton, Lancashire. He joined the Royal Marines in 1812, serving first aboard . In 1817 he joined in which he surveyed the mouth of the Columbia River. In 1819 he joined HMS ''Creole'', and carried out a survey of the north shore of the RÃo de la Plata. From 1820-1822 he served on , commanded by Basil Hall, first as midshipman, then as Master's mate, on a yoyage to South America. In his journal of the voyage, Hall refers to Foster as an "admirable surveyor". Foster carried out a survey of the Caldera, Chile, harbour of Copiapó, and prepared a Hydrographical Memoir, with details of all the ports visited on the voyage. During the voyage, Hall and Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Bransfield
Edward Bransfield ( – 31 October 1852) was a Royal Navy officer who served as a master on several ships, after being impressed into service in Ireland at the age of 18. He is noted for his participation in several explorations of parts of Antarctica, including a sighting of the Trinity Peninsula in January 1820. Early life Edward Bransfield was born in Ballinacurra, County Cork . While little is known of Edward's family or early life, the Bransfields are thought to have been a well-known and respected Catholic family.Michael Smith, ''Great Endeavour: Ireland's Antarctic Explorers'', Dublin: The Collins Press, 2010, p. 10. They may have had enough money to pay for Edward's education, but because of the Penal Laws, it is more likely that he attended a local hedge school. On 2 June 1803, Bransfield, then eighteen years old, was removed by an press-gang from his father's fishing boat and impressed into the Royal Navy. He began as an ordinary seaman on the 110-gun first-ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bob Island
Bob Island is a rocky island long and high, lying southeast of Cape Errera, on Wiencke Island in the Palmer Archipelago off the coast of Antarctica. An island in this vicinity was surveyed and photographed by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (BelgAE) under Gerlache in the year 1898. It was originally called "Ile Famine", but in the reports resulting from the expedition it was renamed "Ile Bob". In a survey of the area in 1955, the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies The Falkland Islands Dependencies was the constitutional arrangement from 1843 until 1985 for administering the v ... (FIDS) made a landing on this island. Although it differs somewhat in size and position from the BelgAE reports, the FIDS found it closely resembles the BelgAE photograph and consider it to be the island originally named. See also * List of Antarctic and sub-An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Willems
Flandres Bay () is a large bay lying between Cape Renard and Cape Willems, along the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. Location Flandres Bay is at the west end of the Danco Coast on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is southwest of Kershaw Peaks, Bryde Island and Paradise Harbour, northeast of the south end of Forbidden Plateau and the north end of Bruce Plateau, east of Booth Island and the Wauwermans Islands and south of Wiencke Island, which separates Bismarck Strait to the west from Gerlache Strait to the east. The Talbot Glacier and Niepce Glacier feed the bay from the south. Sailing directions The US Defense Mapping Agency's ''Sailing Directions for Antarctica'' (1976) describes Flandres Bay as follows: Exploration and name Flandres Bay was explored in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition (BelgAE) under Adrien de Gerlache, who named it, probably after the historical area of Flanders, now constituting part of France, Belgium and the Netherlands. . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fridtjof Island
Fridtjof Island is an island lying northeast of Vázquez Island, off the southeast side of Wiencke Island in the Palmer Archipelago. It was discovered and named by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Gerlache, 1897–99. It is among several islands charted and named by this expedition in 1898, before their ship crossed the Antarctic Circle on 15 February. See also * List of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands This is a list of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands. * Antarctic islands are, in the strict sense, the islands around mainland Antarctica, situated on the Antarctic Plate, and south of the Antarctic Convergence. According to the terms of the ... References Islands of the Palmer Archipelago {{PalmerArchipelago-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breakwater Island
Breakwater Island () is a small island in the Palmer Archipelago with a line of rocks extending in a southwest arc from it, lying opposite Nipple Peak, off the east side of Wiencke Island. The descriptive name, suggestive of an artificial breakwater, was given by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1944. See also * List of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands This is a list of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands. * Antarctic islands are, in the strict sense, the islands around mainland Antarctica, situated on the Antarctic Plate, and south of the Antarctic Convergence. According to the terms of the ... References Islands of the Palmer Archipelago {{PalmerArchipelago-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Important Bird Area
An Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA) is an area identified using an internationally agreed set of criteria as being globally important for the conservation of bird populations. IBA was developed and sites are identified by BirdLife International. There are over 13,000 IBAs worldwide. These sites are small enough to be entirely conserved and differ in their character, habitat or ornithological importance from the surrounding habitat. In the United States the program is administered by the National Audubon Society. Often IBAs form part of a country's existing protected area network, and so are protected under national legislation. Legal recognition and protection of IBAs that are not within existing protected areas varies within different countries. Some countries have a National IBA Conservation Strategy, whereas in others protection is completely lacking. History In 1985, following a specific request from the European Economic Community, Birdlife International dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pursuit Point
Pursuit Point is a mostly ice-covered peninsula on south-eastern Wiencke Island, one of the larger islands of the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. Important Bird Area The peninsula has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding colonies of about 200 pairs of chinstrap penguins and 140 pairs of imperial shag The imperial shag or imperial cormorant (''Leucocarbo atriceps'') is a black-and-white cormorant native to southern South America, islands of the Subantarctic, and the Antarctic Peninsula, primarily in rocky coastal regions, but locally also at ...s. References Important Bird Areas of Antarctica Seabird colonies Headlands of the Palmer Archipelago Wiencke Island Penguin colonies {{PalmerArchipelago-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
