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Water Supply And Sanitation In England
Public water supply and sanitation in England and Wales has been characterised by universal access and generally good service quality. In both England and Wales, Water privatisation in England and Wales, water companies became privatised in 1989, although Dwr Cymru operates as a not-for-profit organisation. Whilst independent assessments place the cost of water provision in Wales and England as higher than most major countries in the EU between 1989 and 2005, the government body responsible for water regulation, together with the water companies, have claimed improvements in service quality during that period. The economic regulator of water companies in England and Wales is the Ofwat, Water Services Regulation Authority (Ofwat). The Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) provides independent reassurance to consumers that water supplies in England and Wales are safe and that drinking water is of acceptable quality. Since Welsh devolution began, further powers over water have been d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Act 1983
Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance. It is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a solvent). It is vital for all known forms of life, despite not providing food energy or organic micronutrients. Its chemical formula, , indicates that each of its molecules contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, connected by covalent bonds. The hydrogen atoms are attached to the oxygen atom at an angle of 104.45°. In liquid form, is also called "water" at standard temperature and pressure. Because Earth's environment is relatively close to water's triple point, water exists on Earth as a solid, a liquid, and a gas. It forms precipitation in the form of rain and aerosols in the form of fog. Clouds consist of suspended droplets of water and ice, its solid state. When finely divided, crystalline ice may precipitat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-revenue Water
Non-revenue water (NRW) is water that has been produced and is "lost" before it reaches the customer. Losses can be real losses (through leaks, sometimes also referred to as physical losses) or apparent losses (for example through theft or Water metering, metering inaccuracies). High levels of NRW are detrimental to the financial viability of water utilities, as well to the quality of water itself. NRW is typically measured as the volume of water "lost" as a share of net water produced. However, it is sometimes also expressed as the volume of water "lost" per km of water distribution network per day. Components and audits The International Water Association (IWA) has developed a detailed methodology to assess the various components of NRW. Accordingly, NRW has the following components: * Unbilled authorized consumption * Apparent losses (water theft and metering inaccuracies) * Real losses (from transmission mains, storage facilities, distribution mains or service connections) In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Industry
The water industry provides drinking water and wastewater services (including sewage treatment) to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy. Typically public utilities operate water supply networks. The water industry does not include manufacturers and suppliers of bottled water, which is part of the beverage production and belongs to the food sector. The water industry includes water engineering, operations, water and wastewater plant construction, equipment supply and specialist water treatment chemicals, among others. The water industry is at the service of other industries, e.g. of the food sector which produces beverages such as bottled water. Organizational structure There are a variety of organizational structures for the water industry, with countries usually having one dominant traditional structure, which usually changes only gradually over time. Ownership of water infrastructure and operations * local government - the most usual stru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water UK
Water UK is the trade association representing all of the water and wastewater companies of the United Kingdom. It has 25 full members plus four associate members. It was established in 1998. The current Chief Executive is David Henderson who was appointed in February 2023. The current Chair is Ruth Kelly Ruth Maria Kelly (born 9 May 1968) is the chair of Water UK, the trade association representing all of the water and wastewater companies of the United Kingdom. She was previously a British Labour Party (UK), Labour Party politician who serve ... appointed in March 2023. References External links Water UK website Trade associations based in the United Kingdom [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asset Management Plan Period
An asset management plan (AMP) period is a five-year time period used in the English and Welsh water industry. It is used by the Water Services Regulation Authority to set allowable price increases for the privately owned water companies and for the assessment of many key performance indicators such as water quality and customer service. The water companies often align the frameworks they hold with contractors to the AMP periods. Definition The asset management plan period was introduced as a result of the privatisation of the water industry in England and Wales. The AMP periods are linked to the regular price reviews used by the Water Services Regulation Authority (Ofwat) to set the allowable price increase for consumers (known as the k factor). AMP periods are five years in duration and begin on 1 April in years ending in 0 or 5; the current period is AMP 7 (2020-2025). The price reviews are carried out in the year preceding the start of a new AMP (so the AMP 6 price review w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Walker (civil Servant)
The Honourable Anna Elizabeth Blackstock Walker CB (born 1951) is a British senior civil servant and regulator of services. Walker is married to Timothy Walker, with whom she has three adult children. She is the daughter of Lord Butterworth. Career Walker succeeded Chris Bolt as chair of the Office of Rail Regulation on 5 July 2009 when Bolt's five-year term of office expired. In this role, Walker was the IRG-Rail Chair for 2013; the members of IRG-Rail consist of the independent Regulatory Bodies of twenty-one countries inside and outside the European Union. She stepped down from this role in 2015 and was replaced by Stephen Glaister. She was Chief Executive of the Healthcare Commission from its formation on 1 April 2004 until 31 March 2009, when the commission was abolished and its functions in England were broadly subsumed by the Care Quality Commission. *2009–2016 Chair, Young Epilepsy *2009–2015 Chair, Office of Rail Regulation *2008–2012 Board member and vice cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Tariff
A water tariff (often called ''water rate'' in the United States and Canada) is a price assigned to water supplied by a public utility through a piped network to its customers. The term is also often applied to wastewater tariffs. Water and wastewater tariffs are not charged for water itself, but to recover the costs of water treatment, water storage, transporting it to customers, collecting and treating wastewater, as well as billing and collection. Prices paid for water itself are different from water tariffs. They exist in a few countries and are called water abstraction charges or fees. Abstraction charges are not covered in this article, but in the article on water pricing). Water tariffs vary widely in their structure and level between countries, cities and sometimes between user categories (residential, commercial, industrial or public buildings). The mechanisms to adjust tariffs also vary widely. Most water utilities in the world are publicly owned, but some are privately ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major Water Transfer Schemes In England And Wales Map
Major most commonly refers to: * Major (rank), a military rank * Academic major, an academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits * People named Major, including given names, surnames, nicknames * Major and minor in music, an interval, chord, scale, or key * Major sport competitions Major(s) or The Major may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Old Major, a pig in ''Animal Farm'' * Major Major Major Major, in ''Catch-22'' * The Major (''Hellsing'') * Major (Cinderella), a horse in Disney's ''Cinderella'' * Major Gowen or the Major, in ''Fawlty Towers'' * Motoko Kusanagi or the Major, in ''Ghost in the Shell'' Film, television, theatre and print * '' The Major'', a 1963 BBC natural history documentary film * ''The Major'' (film), a 2013 Russian action film * ''Major'' (film), a 2022 Indian biopic * ''Major'' (manga), a sports manga and anime series by Takuya Mitsuda * ''The Major'' (play), an 1881 American musical comedy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptosporidium
''Cryptosporidium'', sometimes called crypto, is an apicomplexan genus of alveolates which are parasitism, parasites that can cause a respiratory and gastrointestinal illness (cryptosporidiosis) that primarily involves watery diarrhea (intestinal cryptosporidiosis), sometimes with a persistent cough (respiratory cryptosporidiosis). Treatment of gastrointestinal infection in humans involves management of dehydration, fluid rehydration, electrolyte replacement, and management of any pain. For cryptosporidiosis, supportive treatment and symptom management are the primary treatments for immunocompetent individuals. Anti-diarrheal medication, such as Loperamide, may be effective in slowing the rate of diarrhea. Nitazoxanide is the only drug approved for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent persons. Supplemental zinc may improve symptoms, particularly in recurrent or persistent infections or in others at risk for zinc deficiency. ''Cryptosporidium'' oocysts are 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglian Water
Anglian Water Services Limited is a water company that operates in the East of England. It was formed in 1989 under the partial privatisation of the water industry. It provides water supply, sewerage and sewage treatment to the area formerly the responsibility of the Anglian Water Authority. The remaining functions of the authority were transferred to the Environment Agency. Anglian Water is regulated under the United Kingdom Water Industry Act 1991. Supply area Anglian Water supplies drinking water to all or parts of Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, Northamptonshire and Suffolk. Anglian Water provides drainage and sewerage to a wider area, stretching from the Humber in the north to the River Thames in the south, including the Great Ouse and a small part of Greater London around Upminster. Corporate information Anglian Water Services Limited is a private limited company that provides the majority of Anglian Water branded ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northamptonshire
Northamptonshire ( ; abbreviated Northants.) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It is bordered by Leicestershire, Rutland and Lincolnshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire to the south and Warwickshire to the west. Northampton is the largest settlement and the county town. The county has an area of and a population of 747,622. The latter is concentrated in the centre of the county, which contains the county's largest towns: Northampton (249,093), Corby (75,571), Kettering (63,150), and Wellingborough (56,564). The northeast and southwest are rural. The county contains two local government Non-metropolitan district, districts, North Northamptonshire and West Northamptonshire, which are both Unitary authority, unitary authority areas. The Historic counties of England, historic county included the Soke of Peterborough. The county is characterised by low, undulating hills, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
