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Virgulariidae
Virgulariidae is a family of sea pens, a member of the subclass Octocorallia in the phylum Cnidaria. Characteristics Colonies are bilateral, long and slender to very slender. The colony axis is noticeable and present throughout.Williams G.C., 1990: The Pennatulacea of southern Africa (Coelenterata, Anthozoa). Annals Of The South African Museum. 99(4): 31-119. Genera The World Register of Marine Species lists the following genera: *'' Acanthoptilum'' Kölliker, 1870 *'' Grasshoffia'' Williams, 2015Williams, G. (2015''A new genus and species of pennatulacean octocoral from equatorial West Africa (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Virgulariidae)''.ZooKeys 546, 39-50 *'' Scytaliopsis'' Gravier, 1906 *'' Scytalium'' Herklots, 1858 *'' Stylatula'' Verrill, 1864 *''Virgularia ''Virgularia'' is a genus of Pennatulacea, sea pen in the Family (biology), family Virgulariidae. Species *''Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *''Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *''Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *''V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virgularia
''Virgularia'' is a genus of Pennatulacea, sea pen in the Family (biology), family Virgulariidae. Species *''Virgularia abies'' Kölliker, 1870 *''Virgularia agassizi'' Studer, 1894 *''Virgularia alba'' (Nutting, 1912) *''Virgularia brochi'' Kükenthal, 1915 *''Virgularia bromleyi'' Kölliker, 1880 *''Virgularia densa'' Tixier-Durivault, 1966 *''Virgularia galapagensis'' Hickson, 1930 *''Virgularia glacialis'' Kölliker, 1870 *''Virgularia gracilis'' *''Virgularia gracillima'' Kõlliker, 1880 *''Virgularia gustaviana'' (Herklots, 1863) *''Virgularia halisceptrum'' Broch, 1910 *''Virgularia juncea'' (Pallas, 1766) *''Virgularia kophameli'' May, 1899 *''Virgularia loveni'' Utinomi, 1971 *''Virgularia mirabilis'' (Müller, 1776) *''Virgularia presbytes'' Bayer, 1955 *''Virgularia reinwardti'' Herklots, 1858 *''Virgularia rumphi'' Kölliker, 1870 *''Virgularia schultzei'' Kukenthal, 1910 *''Virgularia tuberculata'' Marshall, 1883 References Virgulariidae Octocorallia genera B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feathery Sea Pen
The feathery sea pen (''Virgularia schultzei'') is a species of sea pen in the family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ... Virgulariidae.Williams G.C., (1990) The Pennatulacea of southern Africa (Coelenterata, Anthozoa). Annals Of The South African Museum. 99(4): 31-119, Cape Town. Branch, G.M., Branch, M.L, Griffiths, C.L. and Beckley, L.E. 2010. ''Two Oceans: a guide to the marine life of southern Africa'' Description Feathery sea pens stand upright in the sand like the quill of a feather. The central axis has flat branch-like extensions on which the polyps are clustered. They are usually white or cream. The peduncle is very long and the entire colony can retract into the sand if disturbed. This species may grow to 50 cm in height and is about 1 cm wide. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family (, : ) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". The delineation of what constitutes a family—or whether a described family should be acknowledged—is established and decided upon by active taxonomists. There are not strict regulations for outlining or acknowledging a family, yet in the realm of plants, these classifications often rely on both the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of plant species. Taxonomists frequently hold varying perspectives on these descriptions, leading to a lack of widespread consensus within the scientific community ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octocorallia
Octocorallia, along with Hexacorallia, is one of the two extant classes of Anthozoa. It comprises over 3,000 species of marine and brackish animals consisting of colonial polyps with 8-fold symmetry, commonly referred informally as "soft corals". It was previously known by the now unaccepted scientific names Alcyonacea and Gorgonacea, both deprecated , and by the also deprecated name of Alcyonaria, in earlier times. Its only two orders are Malacalcyonacea and Scleralcyonacea, which include corals such as those under the common names of blue corals, sea pens, and gorgonians (sea fans and sea whips). These animals have an internal skeleton secreted by their mesoglea, and polyps with tipically eight tentacles and eight mesenteries. As is the case with all cnidarians, their complex life cycle includes a motile, planktonic phase (a larva called planula), and a later characteristic sessile phase. Octocorals have existed at least since the Ordovician period, as shown by Maurit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylum
In biology, a phylum (; : phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below Kingdom (biology), kingdom and above Class (biology), class. Traditionally, in botany the term division (taxonomy), division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 31 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta. General description The term phylum was coined in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel from the Greek (, "race, stock"), related to (, "tribe, clan"). Haeckel noted that species constantly evolved into new species that seemed to retain few consistent features among themselves and therefore few features that distinguishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cnidaria
Cnidaria ( ) is a phylum under kingdom Animalia containing over 11,000 species of aquatic invertebrates found both in fresh water, freshwater and marine environments (predominantly the latter), including jellyfish, hydroid (zoology), hydroids, sea anemones, corals and some of the smallest marine parasites. Their distinguishing features are an uncentralized nervous system distributed throughout a gelatinous body and the presence of cnidocytes or cnidoblasts, specialized cells with ejectable flagella used mainly for envenomation and capturing prey. Their bodies consist of mesoglea, a non-living, jelly-like substance, sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell (biology), cell thick. Cnidarians are also some of the few animals that can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Cnidarians mostly have two basic body forms: swimming medusa (biology), medusae and sessility (motility), sessile polyp (zoology), polyps, both of which are radially symmetrical with mou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Register Of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialists on each group of organism. These taxonomists control the quality of the information, which is gathered from the primary scientific literature as well as from some external regional and taxon-specific databases. WoRMS maintains valid names of all marine organisms, but also provides information on synonyms and invalid names. It is an ongoing task to maintain the registry, since new species are constantly being discovered and described by scientists; in addition, the nomenclature and taxonomy of existing species is often corrected or changed as new research is constantly being published. Subsets of WoRMS content are made available, and can have separate badging and their own home/launch pages, as "subregisters", such as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
