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Triketones
In organic chemistry, a triketone or trione is an organic compound containing three ketone () functional group, groups. The simplest triketones, such as cyclopropanetrione and 2,3,4-pentanetrione, are only of occasional theoretical interest. More pertinent are triacetylmethane and 2,4,6-heptanetrione. Both species exist predominantly in the enol () forms. Image:Croconic_acid.svg, Croconic acid Image:Ac3CH.svg, Triacetylmethane Image:2,4,6-heptanetrione.svg, 2,4,6-Heptanetrione Occurrence and significance Tri- and polyketones are of practical importance as intermediates in the biosynthesis of polyketides. These natural products are a major source of antibiotics. See also * Diketone References External links *{{Commonscatinline, Triketones Triketones, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyclopropanetrione
Cyclopropanetrione or trioxocyclopropane is a little-known oxide of carbon with formula C3O3. It consists of a ring of three carbon atoms each attached to an oxygen atom with a double bond. Alternately, it can be thought as a trimer of carbon monoxide. This compound is predicted to be thermodynamically unstable, dissociating to carbon monoxide, and has not been produced in bulk. However, molecules, provisionally assigned to either cyclopropanetrione or its open-chain analog , have been detected using mass spectrometry. It is the neutral equivalent of the deltic acid, deltate anion C3O32−, known since 1975. An equivalent hydrate hexahydroxycyclopropane or cyclopropane-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexol, (-C(OH)2-)3 also exists. This contains geminal hydroxy groups. References [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triacetylmethane
Triacetylmethane is the organic compound with the formula . It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents and in alkaline water. It readily forms an enolate. The enolate forms a variety of metal complex A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the ''coordination centre'', and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ''ligands'' or ...es related to the metal acetylacetonates.{{cite journal , doi=10.1016/j.ica.2008.11.017, title=Coordinating Properties of the Anionic Ligand (MeCO)2C(−)C(X)Me (X=O or NH) Toward Transition Metal(II) Centers , year=2009 , last1=Basato , first1=Marino , last2=Caneva , first2=Elisabetta , last3=Tubaro , first3=Cristina , last4=Veronese , first4=Augusto Cesare , journal=Inorganica Chimica Acta , volume=362 , issue=8 , pages=2551–2555 References Triketones Chelating agents Tridentate ligands 3-Hydroxypropenals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croconic Acid
Croconic acid (also known as 4,5-dihydroxycyclopentenetrione, crocic acid or pentagonic acid) is a chemical compound with formula or . It has a cyclopentene backbone with two hydroxyl groups adjacent to the double bond and three ketone groups on the remaining carbon atoms. It is sensitive to light, soluble in water and ethanol and forms yellow crystals that decompose at 212 °C. The compound is acidic and loses the protons from the hydroxyl groups (p''K''a1 = and p''K''a2 = at 25 °C). The resulting anions, hydrogencroconate and croconate are also quite stable. The croconate ion, in particular, is aromatic and symmetric, as the double bond and the negative charges become delocalized over the five CO units (with two electrons, Hückel's rule means this is an aromatic configuration). The lithium, sodium and potassium croconates crystallize from water as dihydrates but the orange potassium salt can be dehydrated to form a monohydrate. The croconates of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triacetylmethane
Triacetylmethane is the organic compound with the formula . It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents and in alkaline water. It readily forms an enolate. The enolate forms a variety of metal complex A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the ''coordination centre'', and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ''ligands'' or ...es related to the metal acetylacetonates.{{cite journal , doi=10.1016/j.ica.2008.11.017, title=Coordinating Properties of the Anionic Ligand (MeCO)2C(−)C(X)Me (X=O or NH) Toward Transition Metal(II) Centers , year=2009 , last1=Basato , first1=Marino , last2=Caneva , first2=Elisabetta , last3=Tubaro , first3=Cristina , last4=Veronese , first4=Augusto Cesare , journal=Inorganica Chimica Acta , volume=362 , issue=8 , pages=2551–2555 References Triketones Chelating agents Tridentate ligands 3-Hydroxypropenals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2,4,6-Heptanetrione
2,4,6-Heptanetrione is the organic compound with the formula . It is a white or colorless solid. The molecule, which exists mainly in the enol form, undergoes condensation with 1,2-diketones. The compound contributes to the flavor of strawberries. It forms a variety of metal complexes. See also *Triacetylmethane Triacetylmethane is the organic compound with the formula . It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents and in alkaline water. It readily forms an enolate. The enolate forms a variety of metal complex A coordination complex ..., an isomer Refercences {{DEFAULTSORT:Heptanetrione, 2,4,6- Triketones Chelating agents Ligands 3-Hydroxypropenals Enols Tridentate ligands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the science, scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic matter, organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.Clayden, J.; Greeves, N. and Warren, S. (2012) ''Organic Chemistry''. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–15. . Study of structure determines their structural formula. Study of properties includes Physical property, physical and Chemical property, chemical properties, and evaluation of Reactivity (chemistry), chemical reactivity to understand their behavior. The study of organic reactions includes the organic synthesis, chemical synthesis of natural products, drugs, and polymers, and study of individual organic molecules in the laboratory and via theoretical (in silico) study. The range of chemicals studied chemistry includes hydrocarbons (compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen) as well as compounds based on carbon, but a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Compound
Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-containing compounds such as alkanes (e.g. methane ) and its derivatives are universally considered organic, but many others are sometimes considered inorganic, such as certain compounds of carbon with nitrogen and oxygen (e.g. cyanide ion , hydrogen cyanide , chloroformic acid , carbon dioxide , and carbonate ion ). Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. The study of the properties, reactions, and syntheses of organic compounds comprise the discipline known as organic chemistry. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonate salts and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide, and even ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone is an organic compound with the structure , where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula . Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, ''e.g.'', testosterone, and the solvent acetone. Nomenclature and etymology The word ''ketone'' is derived from ''Aketon'', an old German word for ''acetone''. According to the rules of IUPAC nomenclature, ketone names are derived by changing the suffix ''-ane'' of the parent alkane to ''-anone''. Typically, the position of the carbonyl group is denoted by a number, but traditional nonsystematic names are still generally used for the most important ketones, for example acetone and benzophenone. These nonsystematic names are considered retained IUPAC names, although some introdu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Functional Group
In organic chemistry, a functional group is any substituent or moiety (chemistry), moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reactions regardless of the rest of the molecule's composition. This enables systematic prediction of chemical reactions and behavior of chemical compounds and the design of chemical synthesis. The Reactivity (chemistry), reactivity of a functional group can be modified by other functional groups nearby. Functional group interconversion can be used in retrosynthetic analysis to plan organic synthesis. A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive Chemical property, chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds. For repeating units of polymers, functional groups attach to their Chemical polarity, nonp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enol
In organic chemistry, enols are a type of functional group or intermediate in organic chemistry containing a group with the formula (R = many substituents). The term ''enol'' is an abbreviation of ''alkenol'', a portmanteau deriving from "-ene"/"alkene" and the "-ol". Many kinds of enols are known. Keto–enol tautomerism refers to a chemical equilibrium between a "keto" form (a carbonyl, named for the common ketone case) and an enol. The interconversion of the two forms involves the transfer of an alpha hydrogen atom and the reorganisation of bonding electrons. The keto and enol forms are tautomers of each other. Enolization Organic esters, ketones, and aldehydes with an α-hydrogen ( bond adjacent to the carbonyl group) often form enols. The reaction involves migration of a proton () from carbon to oxygen: : In the case of ketones, the conversion is called a keto-enol tautomerism, although this name is often more generally applied to all such tautomerizations. Usua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyketide
In organic chemistry, polyketides are a class of natural products derived from a Precursor (chemistry), precursor molecule consisting of a Polymer backbone, chain of alternating ketone (, or Carbonyl reduction, its reduced forms) and Methylene group, methylene () groups: . First studied in the early 20th century, discovery, biosynthesis, and application of polyketides has evolved. It is a large and diverse group of secondary metabolites caused by its complex biosynthesis which resembles that of fatty acid synthesis. Because of this diversity, polyketides can have various medicinal, agricultural, and industrial applications. Many polyketides are medicinal or exhibit acute toxicity. Biotechnology has enabled discovery of more naturally-occurring polyketides and evolution of new polyketides with novel or improved bioactivity. History Naturally produced polyketides by various plants and organisms have been used by humans since before studies on them began in the 19th and 20th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Product
A natural product is a natural compound or substance produced by a living organism—that is, found in nature. In the broadest sense, natural products include any substance produced by life. Natural products can also be prepared by chemical synthesis (both semisynthesis and total synthesis and have played a central role in the development of the field of organic chemistry by providing challenging synthetic targets). The term ''natural product'' has also been extended for commercial purposes to refer to cosmetics, dietary supplements, and foods produced from natural sources without added artificial ingredients. Within the field of organic chemistry, the definition of natural products is usually restricted to organic compounds isolated from natural sources that are produced by the pathways of primary or secondary metabolism. Within the field of medicinal chemistry, the definition is often further restricted to secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites (or specialized meta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
