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Telecommunications Infrastructure
Telecommunication, often used in its plural form or abbreviated as telecom, is the transmission of information over a distance using electronic means, typically through cables, radio waves, or other communication technologies. These means of transmission may be divided into communication channels for multiplexing, allowing for a single medium to transmit several concurrent communication sessions. Long-distance technologies invented during the 20th and 21st centuries generally use electric power, and include the telegraph, telephone, television, and radio. Early telecommunication networks used metal wires as the medium for transmitting signals. These networks were used for telegraphy and telephony for many decades. In the first decade of the 20th century, a revolution in wireless communication began with breakthroughs including those made in radio communications by Guglielmo Marconi, who won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics. Other early pioneers in electrical and electronic tel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philipp Reis
Johann Philipp Reis (; 7 January 1834 – 14 January 1874) was a self-taught German scientist and inventor. In 1861, he constructed the first ''make-and-break'' telephone, today called the Reis telephone. It was the first device to transmit a voice via electronic signals and for that the first modern telephone. Reis also coined the term telephone. Early life and education Reis was born in Gelnhausen, Germany, the son of Marie Katharine (Glöckner) and Karl Sigismund Reis, a great baker. His father belonged to the Evangelical Lutheran church. Reis's mother died while he was an infant, and he was raised by his paternal grandmother, a well-read, intelligent woman. At the age of six Reis was sent to the common school of his hometown of Gelnhausen. Here his talents attracted the notice of his instructors, who advised his father to extend his education at a higher college. His father died before Reis was ten years old. His grandmother and guardians placed him at Garnier's In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wire
file:Sample cross-section of high tension power (pylon) line.jpg, Overhead power cabling. The conductor consists of seven strands of steel (centre, high tensile strength), surrounded by four outer layers of aluminium (high conductivity). Sample diameter 40 mm A wire is a flexible, round bar of metal. Wires are commonly formed by drawing (manufacturing), drawing the metal through a hole in a Die (manufacturing), die or draw plate. Wire gauges come in various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a American wire gauge, gauge number or IEC 60228, cross-sectional area. Wires are used to bear mechanical Structural load, loads, often in the form of wire rope. In electricity and Signal (electronics), telecommunications signals, ''wire'' can refer to electrical cable, which can contain a solid core of a single wire or separate strands in stranded or braided forms. Usually cylinder (geometry), cylindrical in geometry, wire can also be made in square, hexagonal, flattened rectangular, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITU Radio Regulations
The ITU Radio Regulations (RR) is a basic document of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale radiocommunication services and the utilisation of radio frequencies. It is the supplementation to the ITU Constitution and Convention and in line with the ITU International Telecommunication Regulations (ITR). The ITU RR comprise and regulate the part of the allocated electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high ... (also: radio frequency spectrum) from 9 kHz to 300 GHz. Structure The current approved version of the ITU Radio Regulations (addition 2012) is structured as follows: Volume 1 – Articles * CHAPTER I – Terminology and technical characteristics **Section I – General terms (article ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Telecommunication Union
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)In the other common languages of the ITU: * * is a list of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for many matters related to information and communications technology, information and communication technologies. It was established on 17 May 1865 as the International Telegraph Union, the first formal and permanent international organization. The organization significantly predates the UN, making it the oldest UN agency. Doreen Bogdan-Martin is the Secretary-General of ITU, the first woman to serve as its head. The ITU was initially aimed at helping connect Telegraphy, telegraphic networks between countries, with its mandate consistently broadening with the advent of new communications technologies; it adopted its current name in 1932 to reflect its expanded responsibilities over radio and the telephone. On 15 November 1947, the ITU entered into an agreement with the newly cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ITU Plenipotentiary Conference
The Plenipotentiary Conference (PP) is the supreme organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), it is a treaty-making conference. It is composed of all 193 ITU Member states and meets every four years. The Conference determines the policies, direction and activities of the ITU, as well as electing the members of other ITU organs, and positions at the secretariat, namely the Secretary-General, the Deputy Secretary-General, and the Directors of the Radiocommunication, Standardization, and Development Bureaux. Sessions PP-14 The 2014 Plenipotentiary Conference (PP-14) was held 20 October to 7 November 2014 in Busan (Republic of Korea). PP-18 The 2018 Plenipotentiary Conference (PP-18) was held from 29 October until 16 November in Dubai (United Arab Emirates). The conference elected the following ITU officers at the secretariat: * Secretary-General: Houlin Zhao (2nd term) * Deputy Secretary-General: Malcolm Johnson (2nd term) * Director of the Radiocommunicat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks that consists of Private network, private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, Wireless network, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the interlinked hypertext documents and Web application, applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), email, electronic mail, internet telephony, streaming media and file sharing. The origins of the Internet date back to research that enabled the time-sharing of computer resources, the development of packet switching in the 1960s and the design of computer networks for data communication. The set of rules (communication protocols) to enable i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Voice
The human voice consists of sound Voice production, made by a human being using the vocal tract, including Speech, talking, singing, Laughter, laughing, crying, screaming, shouting, humming or yelling. The human voice frequency is specifically a part of human sound production in which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are the primary sound source. (Other sound production mechanisms produced from the same general area of the body involve the production of Voicelessness, unvoiced consonants, Click consonant, clicks, whistling and whispering.) Generally speaking, the mechanism for generating the human voice can be subdivided into three parts; the lungs, the vocal folds within the larynx (voice box), and the articulators. The lungs, the "pump" must produce adequate airflow and air pressure to vibrate vocal folds. The vocal folds (vocal cords) then vibrate to use airflow from the lungs to create audible pulses that form the laryngeal sound source. The muscles of the larynx adjust the len ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philo Farnsworth
Philo Taylor Farnsworth (August 19, 1906 – March 11, 1971), "The father of television", was the American inventor and pioneer who was granted the first patent for the television by the United States Government. Burns, R. W. (1998), ''Television: An international history of the formative years''. IET History of Technology Series, 22. LondonThe Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) p. 370. . He also invented a video camera tube, and the image dissector. He commercially produced and sold a fully functioning television system, complete with receiver and camera—which he produced commercially through the Farnsworth Television and Radio Corporation from 1938 to 1951, in Fort Wayne, Indiana. In later life, Farnsworth invented a small nuclear fusion device, the Farnsworth Fusor, employing inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC). Like many fusion devices, it was not a practical device for generating nuclear power, although it provides a viable source of neutrons. The desi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Logie Baird
John Logie Baird (; 13 August 188814 June 1946) was a Scottish inventor, electrical engineer, and innovator who demonstrated the world's first mechanical Mechanical television, television system on 26 January 1926. He went on to invent the first publicly demonstrated colour television system and the first viable purely electronic Color television, colour television picture tube. In 1928, the Baird Television Development Company achieved the first transatlantic television transmission. Baird's early technological successes and his role in the practical introduction of broadcast television for home entertainment have earned him a prominent place in television's history. In 2006, Baird was named as one of the 10 greatest Scottish scientists in history, having been listed in the National Library of Scotland's 'Scottish Science Hall of Fame'. In 2015, he was inducted into the Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame. In 2017, IEEE unveiled a bronze street plaque at 22 Frith Street (Bar I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir K
Vladimir (, , pre-1918 orthography: ) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin, widespread throughout all Slavic nations in different forms and spellings. The earliest record of a person with the name is Vladimir of Bulgaria (). Etymology The Old East Slavic form of the name is Володимѣръ ''Volodiměr'', while the Old Church Slavonic form is ''Vladiměr''. According to Max Vasmer, the name is composed of Slavic владь ''vladĭ'' "to rule" and ''*mēri'' "great", "famous" (related to Gothic element ''mērs'', ''-mir'', cf. Theode''mir'', Vala''mir''). The modern ( pre-1918) Russian forms Владимиръ and Владиміръ are based on the Church Slavonic one, with the replacement of мѣръ by миръ or міръ resulting from a folk etymological association with миръ "peace" or міръ "world". Max Vasmer, ''Etymological Dictionary of Russian Language'' s.v. "Владимир"starling.rinet.ru [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
