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Taoist Schools
Taoism is an East Asian religion founded in ancient China with many schools or denominations, of which none occupies a position of orthodoxy and co-existed peacefully.Qing Xitai, 1994. Taoist branches usually build their identity around a set of scriptures, that are manuals of ritual practices. Scriptures are considered "breathwork", that is "configurations of energy" ('' qi''), embodiments of "celestial patterns" (''tianwen''), or "revelations of structures" (''li''). The earliest Taoist schools emerged during the late Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 CE). They blossomed especially in the region of Shu, modern-day Sichuan. From the 12th and 13th centuries onwards several smaller branches merged into larger ones, but in turn, side-schools developed around the large traditions. In modern times the existing schools tend to be classified under few overarching headings, in most cases under two main denominations: Quanzhen Taoism and Zhengyi Taoism. Chronology of major schools Sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taishan
__NOTOC__ Taishan may refer to: *Mount Tai Mount Tai () is a mountain of historical and cultural significance located north of the city of Tai'an. It is the highest point in Shandong province, China. The tallest peak is the ''Jade Emperor Peak'' (), which is commonly reported as being t ... or Taishan (), Shandong, China * Taishan District, Tai'an (), named after the Mount Tai, a district in Tai'an, Shandong, China * Taishan, Guangdong (), a county-level city of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China ** Greater Taishan Region (), a region in Guangdong consisting of the cities of Taishan, Kaiping, Xinhui, Jiangmen, Enping and Heshan ** Taishan railway station (Guangdong) () ** Taishan Nuclear Power Plant () in Taishan, Guangdong province, China * Taishan District, New Taipei (), a district in New Taipei, Taiwan; was known as "Taishan Township" until 2010 Subdistricts in China * Taishan Subdistrict, Nanjing (), in Pukou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu * Taishan Subdistrict, Xuzhou (), in Quansha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Way Of The Taiping
The Way of the Taiping, also known as the Way of the Great Peace, was a Chinese Taoist movement founded by Zhang Jue during the Eastern Han dynasty. Its adherents all around China participated in the Yellow Turban Rebellion of 184, with the rebellion being suppressed within the same year by the Eastern Han government. The religious movement was greatly reduced and died soon afterwards. The Way of the Taiping was one of the two largest movements within early Taoism, with the other being the Way of the Five Pecks of Rice. During the reign of Emperor Ling of Han, the movement was recorded to have been popular in eight Provinces: Qing Province, Xu Province, You Province, Ji Province, Jing Province, Yang Province, Yan Province, and Yu Province.。 Origins The Way of the Taiping originated in the reign of Emperor Shun of Han of the Eastern Han dynasty (126–144). A Fangshi named '' Gan Ji'' (Some later histories referred to him as Yu Ji) claimed that he received a divine book called th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faism
Chinese ritual mastery traditions, also referred to as ritual teachings (, sometimes rendered as "Faism"), Folk Taoism (), or Red Taoism (mostly in east China and Taiwan), constitute a large group of China, Chinese orders of ritual officers who operate within the Chinese folk religion but outside the institutions of official Taoism. The "masters of rites", the ''fashi'' (), are also known in east China as ''hongtou daoshi'' (), meaning "redhead" or "redhat" ''daoshi'' ("masters of the Tao"), contrasting with the ''wutou daoshi'' (), "blackhead" or "blackhat" priests, of Zhengyi Taoism who were historically ordained by the Celestial Master. Zhengyi Taoism and Faism are often grouped together under the category of "''daoshi'' and ''fashi'' ritual traditions" (). Although the two types of priests have the same roles in Chinese society—in that they can marry and they perform rituals for communities' temples or private homes—Zhengyi ''daoshi'' emphasize their Taoist tradition, di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Longmen Taoism
The Dragon Gate sect ( 龍門派 Lóngmén pài) of the Complete Reality School ( 全真派 Quánzhēn pài) of Taoism incorporates elements of Buddhism and Confucianism into a comprehensive form of Taoism. Complete Reality Taoism is generally divided into two main traditions, Southern and Northern. The Dragon Gate sect is an offshoot of the Northern school. Its spiritual descent is traced to the thirteenth-century master Qiu Chang-chun (also known as Qiu Chuji), who was one of the original seven disciples of Wang Chongyang. Chang-chun means "Eternal Spring". Genghis Khan appointed Chang-chun overseer of all religions in China, and the Dragon Gate sect thus played a critical role in the conservation of the Han Chinese culture. Dragon Gate priests The 7th generation Dragon Gate priest and abbot of White Cloud Monastery in Beijing, Wang Changyue (王常月), could be considered the renaisseur of Dragon Gate Taoism. He authored the Dragon Gate's Core Teachings (龙门心法), t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Way Of The Li Family
''Lijia Dao'' (李家道, Way of the Li Family) was one of the oldest schools of religious Daoism and was popular throughout South China during the Six Dynasties (220-589). ''Lijia dao'' was founded by Li A. Since several Way of the Li Family practices resembled those of the Way of the Celestial Masters, such as healing with ( ''fu'') amulets and holding expensive ''chu'' "Kitchen" feasts, the sect is associated with the Southern Celestial Masters. Mainstream Daoist schools denounced the Way of the Li Family as heterodox, particularly for its charlatan healers who claimed extraordinary longevity. For instance, Li Tuo (李脫) or Li Babai (李八百, "Li Eight-Hundred Years-Old) and his disciple Li Hong (李弘) were executed in 324 for practicing sorcery and plotting rebellion. Names The name ''Lijia dao'' (李家道) is a compound of three Chinese words: # ''Lǐ'' ( 李), lit. "plum, ''Prunus salicina''"), a common Chinese surname; # ''jiā'' ( 家), "residence, home; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chongxuan School
The Chongxuan School () was a Taoist philosophical current influenced by Buddhist Madhyamaka thought. It first appeared in the fifth century, and was influential from the eighth to tenth centuries during the Tang dynasty. It was not a structured philosophical school; it was identified and named by the Daodejing commentator Du Guangting (杜光庭, 850–933).Livia Kohn, ''Daoist Mystical Philosophy: The Scripture of Western Ascension'' p 181-188 Chongxuan's most important representatives were Cheng Xuanying (成玄英, fl. 631–655) and Li Rong (李榮), both from the seventh century CE. Chongxuan is also an appellation of the immortal embryo in internal alchemy,Fabrizio Pregado ed. ''Encyclopedia of Taoism'', 200, Routledge, p24-25 or Neidan, reflecting some influence of Chongxuan thought on Neidan. Thought The Chongxuan authors continue the interpretation of a Daodejing phrase first used by the Xuanxue exegetical school, "mysterious and again mysterious". The Xuanxue think ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wuliu Taoism
Wu-liu pai (), or Wu-liu fa pai (), also known as Xianfo () — a school of Taoism with main focus on internal alchemy (neidan). Main principles The school's doctrine is related in the works of the school's founders: "Common Teachings of Immortals and Buddhas" and "True Principles of Heavenly Immortality" by Wu Chongxu; and also in "Book of Understanding Life" and "Confirmatory Teachings of Golden Immortals" by Liu Huayang. The school puts its main emphasis on the practice of internal alchemy, in order to realise Tao, thus achieving a status of "an immortal and a buddha". A distinctive trait of the school is its postulated identity of Taoist principles with those of early Chan Buddhism. As E. A. Torchinov noted in the foreword to his translation of Zhang Bo-duan's "Chapters of Understanding Life", "With time the immortals came to be regarded as taoist counterparts of Buddhas, which have led to creation of syncretical schools (albeit dominated by Taoism) of Immortals and Buddhas ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jingming Dao
Jingming Dao () or Jingming Zhongxiao Daoism () was a Daoist school dating back to the Southern Song Dynasty. It was founded by He Zhengong () and emerged from the Lingbao school. Xu Xun (239–374) of the Jin Dynasty was revered as its first patriarch. It was influential during the Yuan and Ming dynasties and was particularly widespread in the area of Jiangnan, i.e. south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Its center was in the Western Mountains in Nanchang, Jiangxi ; Gan: ) , translit_lang1_type2 = , translit_lang1_info2 = , translit_lang1_type3 = , translit_lang1_info3 = , image_map = Jiangxi in China (+all claims hatched).svg , mapsize = 275px , map_caption = Location ... Province. References {{Reflist Taoist schools Religion in the Song dynasty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Song Dynasty
The Song dynasty ( ) was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 960 to 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song, who usurped the throne of the Later Zhou dynasty and went on to conquer the rest of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period#Ten Kingdoms, Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song frequently came into conflict with the contemporaneous Liao dynasty, Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jin dynasties in northern China. After retreating to southern China following attacks by the Jin dynasty, the Song was eventually conquered by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The History of the Song dynasty, dynasty's history is divided into two periods: during the Northern Song (; 960–1127), the capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now East China. The #Southern Song, 1127–1279, Southern Song (; 1127–1279) comprise the period following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jin Dynasty (1115–1234)
The Jin dynasty (, ), officially known as the Great Jin (), was a Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and empire ruled by the Wanyan clan that existed between 1115 and 1234. It is also often called the Jurchen dynasty or the Jurchen Jin after the ruling Jurchen people. At its peak, the empire extended from Outer Manchuria in the north to the Qinling–Huaihe Line in the south. The Jin dynasty emerged from Emperor Taizu of Jin, Wanyan Aguda's rebellion against the Liao dynasty (916–1125), which held sway over northern China until being driven by the nascent Jin to the Western Regions, where they would become known in Chinese historiography as the Qara Khitai, Western Liao. After conquering the Liao territory, the Jin launched a Jin–Song Wars, century-long campaign against the Song dynasty (960–1279) based in southern China, whose rulers were ethnically Han Chinese. Over the course of the Jin's rule, their emperors Sinicization, adap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lingbao Taoism
The Lingbao School (), also known as the School of the Sacred Jewel or the School of Numinous Treasure, was an important Daoist school that emerged in China in between the Jin dynasty and the Liu Song dynasty in the early fifth century CE. It lasted for about two hundred years until it was absorbed into the Shangqing and Zhengyi currents during the Tang dynasty. The Lingbao School is a synthesis of religious ideas based on Shangqing texts, the rituals of the Celestial Masters, and Buddhist practices. The Lingbao School borrowed many concepts from Buddhism, including the concept of reincarnation, and also some cosmological elements. Although reincarnation was an important concept in the Lingbao School, the earlier Daoist belief in attaining immortality remained. The school's pantheon is similar to Shangqing and Celestial Master Daoism, with one of its most important gods being the deified form of Laozi. Other gods also existed, some of whom were in charge of preparing spirits fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
