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Tangut Script
The Tangut script ( Tangut: ; ) was a logographic writing system, used for writing the extinct Tangut language of the Western Xia dynasty. According to the latest count, 5863 Tangut characters are known, excluding variants. The Tangut characters are similar in appearance to Chinese characters, with the same type of strokes, but the methods of forming characters in the Tangut writing system are significantly different from those of forming Chinese characters. As in Chinese calligraphy, regular, running, cursive and seal scripts were used in Tangut writing. History According to the ''History of Song'' (1346), the script was designed by the high-ranking official Yeli Renrong in 1036. The script was invented in a short period of time, and was put into use quickly. Government schools were founded to teach the script. Official documents were written in the script (with diplomatic ones written bilingually). A great number of Buddhist scriptures were translated from Tibetan and Chin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangut Language
Tangut (Tangut: ; ) is an extinct language in the Sino-Tibetan language family. Tangut was one of the official languages of the Western Xia dynasty, founded by the Tangut people in northwestern China. The Western Xia was annihilated by the Mongol Empire in 1227. The Tangut language has its own script, the Tangut script. The latest known text written in the Tangut language, the Tangut dharani pillars, dates to 1502, suggesting that the language was still in use nearly three hundred years after the collapse of Western Xia. Classification Since the 2010s, more Tangutologists have classified Tangut as a Qiangic and/or Gyalrongic language. On the basis of both morphological and lexical evidence, Lai et al. (2020) classify Tangut as a West Gyalrongic language. Rediscovery Modern research into the Tangut languages began in the late 19th century and early 20th century when S. W. Bushell, Gabriel Devéria, and Georges Morisse separately published decipherments of a number of Tang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Bushell's 1896 Decipherment Of Tangut Characters
Bushells is an Australian company that produces tea and coffee. History Bushell's was founded by Alfred Bushell in 1883, when he opened a tea shop in Queensland. His sons moved the enterprise to Sydney in 1899 and began selling tea commercially, founding Australia's first commercial tea seller. A Bushell tea factory was set up in Harrington Street Sydney and a coffee roasting department at Atherton Place in The Rocks. Members of the Bushell family acquired the heritage-listed Sydney house, Carthona, in 1940. In the 1980s the company diversified its coffee manufacturing under the Bushells Coffee brand. In 1998, as part of an acquisition of coffee brands from Unilever, FreshFood Services Pty Ltd purchased the Bushell's Coffee brand. The tea brand still remains with Unilever. The coffee continues to be produced at the Concord factory. FreshFood also purchased the New Zealand division of Bushells Coffee. FreshFood, the owner and operator of the Bushell's Coffee Factory at 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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List Of Tangutologists
This list of Tangutologists includes those scholars who have made notable contributions to Tangutology (the study of Tangut people, their culture, religion, history, language and writing system). See also * List of Khitanologists * List of sinologists A list of sinologists around the world, past and present. Sinology is commonly defined as the academic study of China primarily through Chinese language, literature, and history, and often refers to Western scholarship. Its origin "may be traced t ... * List of Tangut books References External links {{Commons category, Tangutologists Bibliography of Tangut Studies Tangutologists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangut Numerals
Tangut numerals are characters used to denote numbers in the Tangut script, which was used for writing the Tangut language under the Western Xia regime (1038–1227) and during the subsequent Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Tangut numerals are written in the same format as Chinese numerals. There is an ordinary set of digits that is used for writing numbers within Tangut text (for example, chapter numbers and dates) in manuscripts and printed books, as well as for engraving on monumental inscriptions on stone. There are also two additional sets of number characters used for special purposes. Page numbers in printed books dating from the Western Xia period and the Yuan dynasty are often written using Chinese numerals. The latest surviving example of Tangut numerals occur on the Tangut dharani pillars which were erected in Baoding on the 10th month of the 15th year of the Hongzhi era of the Ming dynasty, which corresponds to 1502. Cardinal numbers The characters used to write ord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangutology
Tangutology or Tangut studies is the study of the culture, history, art and language of the ancient Tangut people, especially as seen through the study of contemporaneous documents written by the Tangut people themselves. As the Tangut language was written in a unique and complex script and the spoken language became extinct, the cornerstone of Tangut studies has been the study of the Tangut language and the decipherment of the Tangut script. The Tangut people founded the Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227) in northwestern China, which was eventually overthrown by the Mongols. The Tangut script, which was devised in 1036, was widely used in printed books and on monumental inscriptions during the Western Xia period, as well as during the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), but the language became extinct sometime during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). The latest known examples of Tangut writing are Buddhist inscriptions dated 1502 on two dharani pillars from a temple in Baoding, Hebei. By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangut Supplement
Tangut Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters from the Tangut script, which was used for writing the Tangut language spoken by the Tangut people in the Western Xia Empire, and in China during the Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty. This block is a supplement to the main Tangut block. The Tangut Supplement block size was changed in Unicode version 14.0 to correct the erroneous block end point (version 13: → version 14.0: ). Block History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tangut Supplement block: See also * Tangut (Unicode block) * Tangut Components (Unicode block) * Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation (Unicode block) Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation is a Unicode block containing symbols and punctuation marks used by ideographic scripts such as Tangut and Nüshu. History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining ... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Ideographic Symbols And Punctuation
Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation is a Unicode block containing symbols and punctuation marks used by ideographic scripts such as Tangut and Nüshu. History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation block: See also * CJK Unified Ideographs * CJK Symbols and Punctuation * Khitan Small Script (Unicode block) * Nushu (Unicode block) * Tangut (Unicode block) * Tangut Components (Unicode block) * Tangut Supplement (Unicode block) Tangut Supplement is a Unicode block containing characters from the Tangut script, which was used for writing the Tangut language spoken by the Tangut people in the Western Xia Empire, and in China during the Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty. ... References {{reflist Unicode blocks Tangut script ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangut Components
Tangut Components is a Unicode block containing components and radicals used in the modern study of the Tangut script. Block History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tangut Components block: See also * Tangut (Unicode block) * Tangut Supplement (Unicode block) * Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation (Unicode block) Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation is a Unicode block containing symbols and punctuation marks used by ideographic scripts such as Tangut and Nüshu. History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining ... References {{reflist Unicode blocks Tangut script ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangut (Unicode Block)
Tangut is a Unicode block containing characters from the Tangut script, which was used for writing the Tangut language spoken by the Tangut people in the Western Xia Empire, and in China during the Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty. Tangut characters do not have descriptive character names, but have names derived algorithmically from their code point value (e.g. U+17000 is named TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-17000). Block History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tangut block: See also * Tangut Supplement (Unicode block) * Tangut Components (Unicode block) * Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation (Unicode block) Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation is a Unicode block containing symbols and punctuation marks used by ideographic scripts such as Tangut and Nüshu. History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining ... References {{reflist Unicode blocks Tangut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Pearl In Palm Page 14b
A pearl is a hard, glistening object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk or another animal, such as fossil conulariids. Just like the shell of a mollusk, a pearl is composed of calcium carbonate (mainly aragonite or a mixture of aragonite and calcite) in minute crystalline form, which has deposited in concentric layers. The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes, known as baroque pearls, can occur. The finest quality of natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries. Because of this, ''pearl'' has become a metaphor for something rare, fine, admirable and valuable. The most valuable pearls occur spontaneously in the wild, but are extremely rare. These wild pearls are referred to as ''natural'' pearls. ''Cultured'' or ''farmed'' pearls from pearl oysters and freshwater mussels make up the majority of those currently sold. Imitation pearls are also widely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tangut Script 3
Tangut may refer to: *Tangut people, an ancient ethnic group in Northwest China *Tangut language, the extinct language spoken by the Tangut people *Tangut script, the writing system used to write the Tangut language *Tangut (Unicode block) *Western Xia (1038–1227), also known as the Tangut Empire, a state founded by the Tangut people In 18th and 19th century works, the term 'Tangut' is often used as a synonym for Tibet or Tibetan, and may refer to: *Tibet *Tibetan people *Tibetan language *Tibetan script A number of plants found in the region of Tibet have been given the specific epithet ''tangutica'' or ''tanguticus'': *''Anisodus tanguticus'' *''Caragana tangutica'' *''Caryopteris tangutica'' *''Clematis tangutica'' *''Daphne tangutica'' *''Lonicera tangutica'' *''Prunus tangutica'' *''Saussurea tangutica'' *''Scopolia tangutica'' *''Sinacalia tangutica ''Sinacalia'' is a genus of Chinese plants in the groundsel tribe within the daisy family. ; Species * '' Sinacalia carol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Sanskrit
Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominalization, nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural diffusion, diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age#South Asia, Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. It was a lingua franca, link language in ancient and medieval South Asia, and upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. As a result, Sanskrit had a lasting impact on the languages of South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially in their formal and learned vocabularies. Sanskrit generally connotes several Indo-Aryan lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |