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Surrealist Works
Surrealism is an art movement, art and cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists aimed to allow the unconscious mind to express itself, often resulting in the depiction of illogical or dreamlike scenes and ideas. Its intention was, according to leader André Breton, to "resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality", or ''surreality.'' It produced works of painting, writing, photography, Theatre of Cruelty, theatre, Surrealist cinema, filmmaking, Surrealist music, music, Surreal humour, comedy and other media as well. Works of Surrealism feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions and ''Non sequitur (literary device), non sequitur''. However, many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost (for instance, of the "pure psychic automatic behavior, automatism" Breton speaks of in the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Treachery Of Images
''The Treachery of Images'' () is a 1929 painting by Belgian surrealist painter René Magritte. It is also known as ''This Is Not a Pipe'', ''Ceci n'est pas une pipe'' and ''The Wind and the Song''. It is on display at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. The painting shows an image of a smoking pipe (tobacco), pipe. Below it, Magritte painted, "" (, French for "This is not a pipe".) The theme of pipes with the text "Ceci n'est pas une pipe" is extended in ''Les Mots et Les Images'', ''La Clé des Songes'', ''Ceci n'est pas une pipe (L'air et la chanson)'', ''The Tune and Also the Words'', ''Ceci n’est pas une pomme'', and ''Les Deux Mystères''. The painting is sometimes given as an example of meta message like Alfred Korzybski's "The word is not the thing" and "Map–territory relation, The map is not the territory", as well as Denis Diderot's ''This is not a story''. On December 15, 1929, Paul Éluard and André Breton published an essay about poetry in ''La Révolution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aftermath Of World War I
The aftermath of World War I saw far-reaching and wide-ranging cultural, economic, and social change across Europe, Asia, Africa, and in areas outside those that were directly involved. Four empires collapsed due to the war, old countries were abolished, new ones were formed, boundaries were redrawn, international organizations were established, and many new and old ideologies took a firm hold in people's minds. Additionally, culture in the nations involved was greatly changed. World War I also had the effect of bringing political transformation to most of the principal parties involved in the conflict, transforming them into Electoral democracy, electoral democracies by bringing near-universal suffrage for the first time in history, as in Weimar Republic, Germany (1919 German federal election), United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1918 United Kingdom general election), and the United States (1920 United States presidential election). Blockade of Germany Through the per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products in society based on need.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." A communist society entails the absence of private property and social classes, and ultimately money and the State (polity), state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a Libertarian socialism, libertarian socialist approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and an authoritarian socialism, authoritarian socialist, vanguardis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealist Manifesto
The Surrealist Manifesto refers to several publications by Yvan Goll and André Breton, leaders of rival Surrealism, surrealist groups. Goll and Breton both published manifestos in October 1924 titled ''Manifeste du surréalisme''. Breton wrote a second manifesto in 1929, which was published the following year, and in 1942, a reflection or a commentary on the potential for a third manifesto, exploring how the Surrealist movement might adapt to changing times. History By 1924, two rival surrealist groups had formed, each claiming to be a successor of the legacy of Guillaume Apollinaire. One group, led by Yvan Goll, included Pierre Albert-Birot, Paul Dermée, Céline Arnauld, Francis Picabia, Tristan Tzara, Giuseppe Ungaretti, Pierre Reverdy, Marcel Arland, Joseph Delteil, Jean Painlevé and Robert Delaunay. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Behavior
Automatic may refer to: Music Bands * Automatic (Australian band), Australian rock band * Automatic (American band), American rock band * The Automatic, a Welsh alternative rock band Albums * ''Automatic'' (Jack Bruce album), a 1983 electronic rock album * ''Automatic'' (Sharpe & Numan album), a 1989 synthpop album * ''Automatic'' (The Jesus and Mary Chain album), a 1989 alternative rock album * ''Automatic'' (Dweezil Zappa album), a 2000 hard rock album, or the title song * ''Automatic'' (Stitches album), a 2006 punk rock album, or the title song * ''Automatic'' (VNV Nation album), a 2011 futurepop album * ''Automatic'' (Don Broco album), a 2015 rock album * ''Automatic'' (Kaskade album), 2015 album by Kaskade * ''Automatic'' (Mildlife album), 2020 album by Mildlife * ''Automatic'', a 1997 electronic album by Le Car * ''Automatic'', a 2003 punk rock album by The Turbo A.C.'s * ''Automatic'', a 2013 reggae-rock album by Iration * ''Automatic'', a 2023 rock albu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non Sequitur (literary Device)
A ''non sequitur'' ( , ; "[it] does not follow") is a conversational List of narrative techniques, literary device, often used for Comedy, comedic purposes. It is something said that, because of its apparent lack of meaning relative to what preceded it, seems Absurdity, absurd to the point of being humorous or confusing. This use of the term is distinct from the ''Formal fallacy, non sequitur'' in logic, where it is a fallacy. Etymology The expression is Latin for "[it] does not follow". It comes from the words ''non'' meaning "not" and the verb ''sequi'' meaning "to follow". Usage A ''non sequitur'' can denote an abrupt, illogical, or unexpected turn in plot or dialogue by including a relatively inappropriate change in manner. A ''non sequitur'' joke sincerely has no explanation, but it reflects the idiosyncrasies, mental frames and alternative world of the particular comic persona. Comic artist Gary Larson's ''The Far Side'' cartoons are known for what Larson calls "absurd, al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juxtaposition
Juxtaposition is an act or instance of placing two opposing elements close together or side by side. This is often done in order to Comparison, compare/contrast the two, to show similarities or differences, etc. Speech Juxtaposition in literary terms is the showing contrast by concepts placed side by side. An example of juxtaposition are the quotes "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country", and "Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate", both by John F. Kennedy, who particularly liked juxtaposition as a rhetorical device. Jean Piaget specifically contrasts juxtaposition in various fields from syncretism, arguing that "juxtaposition and syncretism are in antithesis, syncretism being the predominance of the whole over the details, juxtaposition that of the details over the whole". Piaget writes: In grammar, juxtaposition refers to the absence of linking elements in a group of words that are listed together. Thu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Element Of Surprise
Surprise () is a rapid, fleeting, mental and physiological state. It is related to the startle response experienced by animals and humans as the result of an unexpected event. Surprise can have any valence. That is, it can be pleasant/positive, unpleasant/negative, or neutral/moderate. Surprise can occur in varying levels of intensity ranging from very surprised, which may induce the fight-or-flight response, or slightly surprised, which elicits a less intense response to the stimulus. Surprise is included as a primary or basic emotion in the taxonomies of Carroll Izard and Paul Ekman. According to these perspectives, surprise is evolutionarily adaptive, and also innate and universal across human cultures. Causes Surprise is intimately connected to the idea of acting in accordance with a set of rules. When the rules of reality generating events of daily life separate from the rule-of-thumb expectations, surprise is the outcome. Surprise represents the difference between e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surreal Humour
Surreal humour (also called surreal comedy, absurdist humour, or absurdist comedy) is a form of humour predicated on deliberate violations of causality, causal reasoning, thus producing events and behaviors that are obviously illogical. Portrayals of surreal humour tend to involve bizarre Juxtaposition, juxtapositions, incongruity, Non sequitur (literary device), non-sequiturs, irrational or absurd situations, and expressions of nonsense. Surreal humour grew out of surrealism, a cultural movement developed in the 20th century by French and Belgian artists, who depicted unnerving and illogical scenes while developing techniques to allow the unconscious mind to express itself. The movement itself was foreshadowed by English writers in the 19th century, most notably Lewis Carroll and Edward Lear. The humour in surreal comedy arises from a subversion of audience expectations, emphasizing the ridiculousness and unlikeliness of a situation, so that amusement is founded on an unpredic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealist Music
Surrealist music is music which uses unexpected juxtapositions and other surrealist techniques. Discussing Theodor W. Adorno, Max Paddison defines surrealist music as that which "juxtaposes its historically devalued fragments in a montage-like manner which enables them to yield up new meanings within a new aesthetic unity", though Lloyd Whitesell says this is Paddison's gloss of the term. Anne LeBaron cites automatism, including improvisation, and collage as the primary techniques of musical surrealism. According to Whitesell, Paddison quotes Adorno's 1930 essay "Reaktion und Fortschritt" as saying "Insofar as surrealist composing makes use of devalued means, it uses these ''as'' devalued means, and wins its form from the 'scandal' produced when the dead suddenly spring up among the living." Early surrealist music In the 1920s several composers were influenced by surrealism, or by individuals in the surrealist movement. The two composers most associated with surrealism during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrealist Cinema
Surrealist cinema is a modernist approach to film theory, criticism, and production, with origins in Paris in the 1920s. The Surrealist movement used shocking, irrational, or absurd imagery and Freudian dream symbolism to challenge the traditional function of art to represent reality. Related to Dada cinema, Surrealist cinema is characterized by juxtapositions, the rejection of dramatic psychology, and a frequent use of shocking imagery. Philippe Soupault and André Breton’s 1920 book collaboration '' Les Champs magnétiques'' is often considered to be the first Surrealist work, but it was only once Breton had completed his ''Surrealist Manifesto'' in 1924 that ‘Surrealism drafted itself an official birth certificate.’ Surrealist films of the twenties include René Clair's '' Entr'acte'' (1924), Fernand Léger's '' Ballet Mécanique'' (1924), Jean Renoir's '' La Fille de l'Eau'' (1924), Marcel Duchamp's '' Anemic Cinema'' (1926), Jean Epstein's '' Fall of the House of Us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theatre Of Cruelty
The Theatre of Cruelty (, also ) is a form of theatre conceptualised by Antonin Artaud. Artaud, who was briefly a member of the surrealist movement, outlined his theories in a series of essays and letters, which were collected as '' The Theatre and Its Double''. The Theatre of Cruelty can be seen as a break from traditional Western theatre and a means by which artists assault the senses of the audience. Artaud's works have been highly influential on artists including Jean Genet, Jerzy Grotowski, Peter Brook, and Romeo Castellucci. History and influences Antonin Artaud was well known as an actor, playwright, and essayist who worked in both theatre and cinema. He was briefly a member of the surrealist movement in Paris from 1924 to 1926, before his "radical independence and his uncontrollable personality, perpetually in revolt, brought about his excommunication by André Breton." Led by André Breton, the surrealist movement argued that the unconscious mind is a source of artist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
