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Shahid Motahari University
Shahid Motahari University (Persian: ) was built in 1879 by Mirza Hosein Sepahsalar (Persian: میرزا حسین سهپسالار). The university is located in Baharestan square in Tehran, Iran. After the revolution in 1979, Ayatollah Emami-Kashani was the President of the university until his passing. Since then, the university has mostly focused on religious studies and social sciences. It is known for its graduate programs in Philosophy, Law, and Islamic Jurisprudence. Admission to the university is only possible through the annual Konkoor. Some its notable alumni include Ebrahim Raisi (a previous President of Iran), Ali Khamenei (the supreme leader of Iran), Massoud Khamenei (the third son of Iran's supreme leader and a major Shia Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public University
A public university, state university, or public college is a university or college that is State ownership, owned by the state or receives significant funding from a government. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country (or region) to another, largely depending on the specific education landscape. In contrast a private university is usually owned and operated by a private corporation (not-for-profit or for profit). Both types are often regulated, but to varying degrees, by the government. Africa Algeria In Algeria, public universities are a key part of the education system, and education is considered a right for all citizens. Access to these universities requires passing the Baccalaureate (Bac) exam, with each institution setting its own grade requirements (out of 20) for different majors and programs. Notable public universities include the Algiers 1 University, University of Algiers, Oran 1 University, University of Oran, and Constantin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Iran
The president of the Islamic Republic of Iran () is the head of government of the Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran and the second highest-ranking official, after the Supreme Leader of Iran, supreme leader. The 1980 Iranian presidential election, first election was held in 1980 and was won by Abulhassan Banisadr. Masoud Pezeshkian currently serves as the president of Iran, after being elected in the 2024 Iranian presidential election and being officially endorsed by Supreme Leader of Iran, the supreme leader. History After the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum on March 29 and 30, the new government needed to craft a new constitution. Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini, ordered an election for the Assembly of Experts, the body tasked with writing the constitution. The assembly presented the constitution on October 24, 1979, and Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini and Prime Minister Mehdi Bazargan approved it. The 1979 Constitution designated the Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahid Motahari University
Shahid Motahari University (Persian: ) was built in 1879 by Mirza Hosein Sepahsalar (Persian: میرزا حسین سهپسالار). The university is located in Baharestan square in Tehran, Iran. After the revolution in 1979, Ayatollah Emami-Kashani was the President of the university until his passing. Since then, the university has mostly focused on religious studies and social sciences. It is known for its graduate programs in Philosophy, Law, and Islamic Jurisprudence. Admission to the university is only possible through the annual Konkoor. Some its notable alumni include Ebrahim Raisi (a previous President of Iran), Ali Khamenei (the supreme leader of Iran), Massoud Khamenei (the third son of Iran's supreme leader and a major Shia Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hierarchy
A hierarchy (from Ancient Greek, Greek: , from , 'president of sacred rites') is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) that are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another. Hierarchy is an important concept in a wide variety of fields, such as architecture, philosophy, design, mathematics, computer science, organizational theory, systems theory, systematic biology, and the social sciences (especially political science). A hierarchy can link entities either directly or indirectly, and either vertically or diagonally. The only direct links in a hierarchy, insofar as they are hierarchical, are to one's immediate superior or to one of one's subordinates, although a system that is largely hierarchical can also incorporate alternative hierarchies. Hierarchical links can extend "vertically" upwards or downwards via multiple links in the same direction, following a path (graph theory), path. All parts of the hierarchy that are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theocracy
Theocracy is a form of autocracy or oligarchy in which one or more deity, deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities, giving divine guidance to human intermediaries, with executive and legislative power, who manage the government's daily affairs. Etymology The word theocracy originates from the () meaning "the rule of God". This, in turn, derives from :wikt:θεός, θεός (theos), meaning "god", and :wikt:κρατέω, κρατέω (''krateo''), meaning "to rule". Thus the meaning of the word in Greek was "rule by god(s)" or human incarnation(s) of god(s). The term was initially coined by Flavius Josephus in the first century AD to describe the characteristic government of the Jews. Josephus argued that while mankind had developed many forms of rule, most could be subsumed under the following three types: monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy. However, according to Josephus, the government of the Jews was unique. Josephus offered the term ''theocracy'' to descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endowment And Charity Affair Organization
Endowment may refer to: Finance *Financial endowment, pertaining to funds or property donated to institutions or individuals (e.g., college endowment) *Endowment mortgage, a mortgage to be repaid by an endowment policy *Endowment policy, a type of life insurance policy *A synonym for budget constraint, the total funds available for spending Economics * Endowment effect, a cognitive bias * Endowment, a term used for land reclamation * Endowment of natural or other resources that can become capital by the process of production * Factor endowment Other * Endowment (philosophy); as a philosophical term * Endowment (Latter Day Saints) In the theology of the Latter Day Saint movement, an endowment refers to a gift of "power from on high", typically associated with the ordinances performed in Latter Day Saint temples. The purpose and meaning of the endowment varied during the li ...; a temple ceremony that confers heavenly priesthood power in Mormon theology * Endowment (Mormonism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahdi Khamooshi
The Mahdi () is a figure in Islamic eschatology who is believed to appear at the End of Times to rid the world of evil and injustice. He is said to be a descendant of Muhammad, and will appear shortly before Jesus. The Mahdi is mentioned in several canonical compilations of hadith, but is absent from the Quran and the two most-revered Sunni hadith collections, ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' and ''Sahih Muslim''. As such, some Sunni theologians have questioned the orthodoxy of the Mahdi. The doctrine of the Mahdi seems to have gained traction during the confusion and unrest of the religious and political upheavals of the first and second centuries of Islam. Some of the first references to the Mahdi appear in the late 7th century, when the revolutionary Mukhtar al-Thaqafi declared Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya, a son of Caliph Ali (), to be the Mahdi. Although the concept of a Mahdi is not an essential doctrine in Islam, it is popular among Muslims. Over centuries, there have been a vast nu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Javad Haj Ali Akbari
Muhammad Javad Haj Ali Akbari () is an Iranian conservative politician and a Twelver cleric. He serves as temporary Imam of Friday Prayer in Tehran. Early life Akbari obtained his bachelor's degree in the subject of fiqh and Islamic law after studying elementary (related) education. He studied in the superior levels and "Kharej-Fiqh Osul" (a kind of high-level lessons in seminary) while learning Arabic and English. Among his known teachers are: Seyyed Ali Khamenei, Mohammad-Taqi Bahjat Foumani, Abdollah Javadi-Amoli, Mohammed Emami-Kashani and Aziz Khoshvaght. Career Iranian Supreme leader Ali Khamenei, appointed him as chief of "Imams of Friday Prayer Policy Council" in 2018. He served as head of "Imam Sadiq Seminary", Damavant Imam-Jom'ah", the representative of the supreme leader in the "Union of students Islamic Associations". Mahsa Amini protests In the wake of the Mahsa Amini protests, Ali-Akbari said, "Our security is our distinctive privilege. The Iranian people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shia
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood to have been usurped by a number of Muhammad's companions at the meeting of Saqifa where they appointed Abu Bakr () as caliph instead. As such, Sunni Muslims believe Abu Bakr, Umar (), Uthman () and Ali to be ' rightly-guided caliphs' whereas Shia Muslims only regard Ali as the legitimate successor. Shia Muslims assert imamate continued through Ali's sons Hasan and Husayn, after whom different Shia branches have their own imams. They revere the , the family of Muhammad, maintaining that they possess divine knowledge. Shia holy sites include the shrine of Ali in Najaf, the shrine of Husayn in Karbala and other mausoleums of the . Later events such as Husayn's martyrdom in the Battle of Karbala (680 CE) further influenced the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masoud Khamenei
Masoud Hosseini Khamenei (; born 15 March 1972), also known as Mohsen Khamenei (), is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric who is the third son of Iran's supreme leader, Ali Khamenei; and is the brother of Mostafa, Mojtaba and Meitham. Khamenei also has the title of "Hujjatul-Islam", and is the husband of Sadiq-Kharazi's sister; likewise, he is the son-in-law of Seyyed Mohsen Kharazi (Tehran's representative in the assembly of experts). Seyyed Masoud is studying and teaching in the seminary of Qom; and is a member in Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom (Persian: ). Seyyed Masoud doesn't have governmental/non-governmental or formal position; moreover, his father (Seyyed Ali Khamenei) has prohibited his son(s) from accepting governmental, or similar positions. According to Mehr News Agency: Seyyed Masoud has the most attention—between Iran's supreme leader's sons—in collecting the memoirs of his father and likewise in running ''the office of the preservation and publication of Iran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Khamenei
Ali Hosseini Khamenei (; born 19 April 1939) is an Iranian cleric and politician who has served as the second supreme leader of Iran since 1989. He previously served as the third President of Iran, president from 1981 to 1989. Khamenei's tenure as Supreme Leader, spanning over years, makes him the longest-serving head of state in the Middle East and the second-longest-serving Iranian leader of the 20th and 21st centuries, after Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. A Grand Ayatollah and , he is often associated with leading the Axis of Resistance, a term used to describe a coalition of Iran-aligned groups in the Middle East. According to his official website, Khamenei was arrested six times before being exiled for three years during the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. In June 1981, after the Iranian revolution and the overthrow of the shah, he was the target of an Attempted assassination of Ali Khamenei, attempted assassination that paralysed his right arm. Khamenei was one of Iran's lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ebrahim Raisi
Ebrahim Raisolsadati (14 December 1960 – 19 May 2024), better known as Ebrahim Raisi, was an Iranian politician who served as the eighth president of Iran from 2021 until 2024 Varzaqan helicopter crash, his death in a helicopter crash in 2024. He was a Twelver Shi'ism, Twelver Shia Faqīh, Muslim jurist and part of the Iranian principlists, Principlist group. Raisi was the son-in-law of Mashhad Imam of Friday Prayer, Friday prayer leader and Grand Imam of Imam Reza shrine, Ahmad Alamolhoda. He began his clerical studies at age 15. In the aftermath of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, Raisi served in several positions in Judicial system of Iran, Iran's judicial system, including as Prosecutor of Karaj, Prosecutor of Hamadan and Deputy Prosecutor and Prosecutor of Tehran. Raisi was part of the Tehran branch of what has been called the "1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners, 1988 Iran death commission". Under the direction of Ruhollah Khomeini, Grand Ayatollah Khomeini, Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
