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Saluan–Banggai Languages
The Saluan–Banggai languages are a group of closely related languages spoken in eastern Central Sulawesi province, Indonesia. They belong to the Celebic subgroup of the Austronesian family. Languages *Eastern: Banggai, Balantak *Saluanic: Andio, Bobongko, Saluan, Batui Grimes & Edwards (2021) have proposed the inclusion of Taliabo (Kadai, Padang/Samala, Mananga, Mangei/Soboyo)Charles Grimes & Owen Edwards (in process) ''Wallacean subgroups: unravelling the prehistory and classification of the Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-LesteSummary presentation at the 15th International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics/ref> and the Saluan–Banggai languages in a common branch of Celebic, which they call ''Saluan–Taliabu''.Edwards, Owen; Charles E. Grimes. 2021. Revising the classification of the Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste'15th International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics (15-ICAL) June 28 to July 2, 2021, Palac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulawesi
Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. Within Indonesia, only Sumatra, Borneo, and New Guinea, Papua are larger in territory, and only Java and Sumatra are more populous. The landmass of Sulawesi includes four peninsulas: the northern Minahasa Peninsula, the East Peninsula, Sulawesi, East Peninsula, the South Peninsula, Sulawesi, South Peninsula, and the Southeast Peninsula, Sulawesi, Southeast Peninsula. Three gulfs separate these peninsulas: the Gulf of Tomini between the northern Minahasa and East peninsulas, the Tolo Gulf between the East and Southeast peninsulas, and the Bone Gulf between the South and Southeast peninsulas. The Strait of Makassar runs along the western side of the island and separates the island from Borneo. Etymology The n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malayo-Polynesian Languages
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian peoples outside of Taiwan, in the island nations of Southeast Asia (Indonesia and the Philippine Archipelago) and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia in the areas near the Malay Peninsula, with Cambodia, Vietnam and the Chinese island Hainan as the northwest geographic outlier. Malagasy, spoken on the island of Madagascar off the eastern coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean, is the furthest western outlier. Many languages of the Malayo-Polynesian family in insular Southeast Asia show the strong influence of Sanskrit, Tamil and Arabic, as the western part of the region has been a stronghold of Hinduism, Buddhism, and, later, Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celebic Languages
The Celebic languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, formerly called ''Celebes.'' Almost all of the languages spoken in the provinces of Central Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi belong to the Celebic group. A few Celebic languages (e.g. Wotu, Bonerate) are located in South Sulawesi province. By number of languages (but not by number of speakers), Celebic is the largest subgroup of Austronesian languages on Sulawesi. Subgrouping Internal classification David Mead (2003a:125) classifies the Celebic languages as follows. *Celebic ** Tomini–Tolitoli ** Kaili–Pamona ** Wotu–Wolio ** Eastern *** Saluan–Banggai ***Southeastern **** Bungku–Tolaki **** Muna–Buton More recently, Zobel (2020) proposed that Kaili–Pamona and Wotu–Wolio form a Kaili– Wolio group, which Zobel places as a primary subgroup of Celebic. Furthermore, in Zobel's (2020) classification, Kaili–Wolio is placed as a sister to group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Sulawesi
Central Sulawesi (Indonesian language, Indonesian: ''Sulawesi Tengah'') is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia located at the centre of the island of Sulawesi. The administrative capital and largest city is located in Palu. The province borders the provinces of Gorontalo to the east, by Southeast Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, and West Sulawesi to the south, and shares maritime borders with East Kalimantan to the west, North Maluku to the east, and Malaysia and the Philippines to the north. The 2010 census recorded a population of 2,635,009 for the province, and the 2020 Census recorded 2,985,734, of whom 1,534,706 were male and 1,451,028 were female. The official estimate as at mid 2023 was 3,086,750 (comprising 1,583,650 males and 1,503,100 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.72) According to BPS (Indonesia's Central Statistics Bureau), Central Sulawesi has an area of , but the sum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austronesian Languages
The Austronesian languages ( ) are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Taiwan (by Taiwanese indigenous peoples). They are spoken by about 328 million people (4.4% of the world population). This makes it the fifth-largest language family by number of speakers. Major Austronesian languages include Malay (around 250–270 million in Indonesia alone in its own literary standard named " Indonesian"), Javanese, Sundanese, Tagalog (standardized as Filipino), Malagasy and Cebuano. According to some estimates, the family contains 1,257 languages, which is the second most of any language family. In 1706, the Dutch scholar Adriaan Reland first observed similarities between the languages spoken in the Malay Archipelago and by peoples on islands in the Pacific Ocean. In the 19th century, researchers (e.g. Wilhelm von Humboldt, Herman van der Tuuk) started to apply the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banggai Language
The Banggai language is the main language spoken by the inhabitants of the Banggai Archipelago off the island of Sulawesi Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Min .... It belongs to the Saluan–Banggai branch of the Celebic subgroup. Historically, Banggai was a spoken language without a long literary history. The earliest surviving manuscript in the Banggai language comes from the 19th century, the account of a Banggai fisherman who was sold into slavery by Maguindanaoan raiders in the 1860s-70s before escaping. Phonology Consonants * /s/ may also be heard as prenasal swhen after nasal sounds. * Other sounds like ʃ, dʒ, ɲare heard in loanwords from neighboring languages. Vowels * Vowels /e, o/ can also be heard as , ɔin closed syllables. Reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balantak Language
Balantak is an Austronesian language spoken at the head of the eastern peninsula of Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is classified as a member of the Saluan-Banggai branch of the Celebic subgroup. The Balantak language is the primary language of the Balantak people. Although 90% of the population are also proficient in Indonesian, the vernacular is still vigorously used in everyday contexts, and most children only speak Balantak before entering school. Phonology Balantak has the following phoneme inventory: Sequences of like vowels are phonetically realized as long vowels, e.g. 'cigarette', 'coconut'. References Further reading * * External links "Balantak" at ''World Atlas of Language Structures The World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS) is a database of structural (phonological, grammatical, lexical) properties of languages gathered from descriptive materials. It was first published by Oxford University Press as a book with CD-RO ...'' Salu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andio Language
Andio (Andio’o), or ''Masama'', is an Austronesian language spoken at the tip of the eastern peninsula of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, .... It belongs to the Saluan–Banggai branch of the Celebic subgroup. References Saluan–Banggai languages Languages of Sulawesi {{celebic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saluan Language
Saluan, also known as Loinang after one of its dialects, is the main language spoken on the eastern peninsula of the island of Sulawesi Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Min .... Phonology In some dialects, the distinction between /l/, /r/ and /n/ is neutralized to /n/ in word-final position, as in ''putan'' 'rope' (pronounced ''putal'' in most dialects). The central vowel is restricted to certain dialects. In final position, there is a phonemic distinction between long and short vowels, as in 'tail' vs. 'elbow'.Mead, David and Edy Pasanda (2015)''An Initial Appreciation of the Dialect Situation in Saluan and Batui (Eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia)'' SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2015-013. SIL International. References Saluan–Banggai languages Languages of S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batui Language
Batui is an Austronesian language spoken by a small group of people on the eastern peninsula of the island of Sulawesi Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the List of islands by area, world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Min .... References Saluan–Banggai languages Languages of Sulawesi {{celebic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
