Receptors

	Receptors Receptor may refer to: Sensory receptor, in physiology, any neurite structure that, on receiving environmental stimuli, produces an informative nerve impulse Receptor (biochemistry), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and responds to a neurotransmitter, or other substance Cell surface receptor, a receptor on the outer surface of a cell membrane, that takes part in communication between the cell and the outside world Nuclear receptor, a receptor found within cells that is responsible for sensing steroid and thyroid hormones and certain other molecules *Immune receptor, a receptor that occurs on the surface of immunocytes and binds to antigens Receiver (radio) In radio, radio communications, a radio receiver, also known as a receiver, a wireless, or simply a radio, is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form. It is used with an ante ... , a device for the reception of electromagnetic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Receptor (biochemistry) In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and Signal_transduction, transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems. These signals are typically chemical messengers which bind to a receptor and produce physiological responses, such as a change in the electrophysiology, electrical activity of a cell. For example, GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, inhibits electrical activity of neurons by binding to GABAA receptor, GABA receptors. There are three main ways the action of the receptor can be classified: relay of signal, amplification, or integration. Relaying sends the signal onward, amplification increases the effect of a single ligand (biochemistry), ligand, and integration allows the signal to be incorporated into another biochemical pathway. Receptor proteins can be classified by their location. Cell surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, include ligand-gated ion channels, G prote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Cell Surface Receptor Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells. They act in cell signaling by receiving (binding to) extracellular molecules. They are specialized integral membrane proteins that allow communication between the cell and the extracellular space. The extracellular molecules may be hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, or nutrients; they react with the receptor to induce changes in the metabolism and activity of a cell. In the process of signal transduction, ligand binding affects a cascading chemical change through the cell membrane. Structure and mechanism Many membrane receptors are transmembrane proteins. There are various kinds, including glycoproteins and lipoproteins. Hundreds of different receptors are known and many more have yet to be studied. Transmembrane receptors are typically classified based on their tertiary (three-dimens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Nuclear Receptor In the field of molecular biology, nuclear receptors are a class of proteins responsible for sensing steroids, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and certain other molecules. These intracellular receptors work with other proteins to regulate the expression of specific genes, thereby controlling the development, homeostasis, and metabolism of the organism. Nuclear receptors bind directly to DNA regulating the expression of adjacent genes; hence these receptors are classified as transcription factors. The regulation of gene expression by nuclear receptors often occurs in the presence of a ligand—a molecule that affects the receptor's behavior. Ligand binding to a nuclear receptor results in a conformational change activating the receptor. The result is up- or down-regulation of gene expression. A unique property of nuclear receptors that differentiates them from other classes of receptors is their direct control of genomic DNA. Nuclear receptors play key roles in both embryonic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Sensory Receptor Sensory neurons, also known as afferent neurons, are neurons in the nervous system, that convert a specific type of stimulus, via their receptors, into action potentials or graded receptor potentials. This process is called sensory transduction. The cell bodies of the sensory neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord. The sensory information travels on the afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve, to the brain via the spinal cord. Spinal nerves transmit external sensations via sensory nerves to the brain through the spinal cord. The stimulus can come from exteroreceptors outside the body, for example those that detect light and sound, or from interoreceptors inside the body, for example those that are responsive to blood pressure or the sense of body position. Types and function Sensory neurons in vertebrates are predominantly pseudounipolar or bipolar, and different types of sensory neurons have different sensory receptors that respond to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Immune Receptor An immune receptor (or immunologic receptor) is a Receptor (biochemistry), receptor, usually on a cell membrane, which binds to a Ligand (biochemistry), ligand (usually another protein, such as cytokine) and causes a response in the immune system. Types The main receptors in the immune system are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), killer activated receptor, killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs), complement receptors, Fc receptors, B cell receptors and T cell receptors.Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English. . . Page 20 See also * Antigen References External links * {{Immune receptors Immune system Single-pass transmembrane proteins Transmembrane receptors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]